One Spot, three Processes Climate Change Adaptation in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern

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1 Picture: EUCC One Spot, three Processes Climate Change Adaptation in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern Holger Janßen 1, Susanne Schumacher 2, Rene Friedland 1, Inga Haller 2, Inga Krämer 1, Thomas Neumann 1, Gerald Schernewski 1, Toni Schröder 1, Nardine Stybel 1,2 & Lars Tiepolt 3 1 Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde 2 EUCC The Coastal Union Germany 3 States Agency for Agriculture and Environment (StALU MM)

2 Case Studies Map: Michael Staudt, GTK

3 Economy Traditional branches like agriculture and fisheries in decline Little industry Maritime shipping Tourism most important economic sector Gradients Between coast and hinterland Nature Rich and diverse heritage Eutrophication and water quality Coastal protection Sinking coast and sea level rise (rslr 30cm/100a) Erosion of -35 cm/a in average

4 Case Studies Map: Michael Staudt, GTK

5 Tourism The Beach Coastal protection Coastal water quality

6 Tourism - Background Good water quality Toilets close by Clean beaches Water transparency No brown/green water colour Low visitors density Cafe / Restaurant Parking possibilities

7 Tourism - Background Water temperature

8 Tourism - Background Biomass in water

9 Tourism Climate change adaptation is of strategic importance for the regional development on states level. Tourism stakeholders have not been not well prepared - Adaptation networks missing / weak - Knowledge gaps - No adaptation needs on individual level because of short term investment return

10 Tourism - Network building - Knowledge transfer - Soft instruments - No special legal framework - No external funding - Market driven process/activities - Multiannual work programme (complementary national project)

11 Aland Sea NASA image courtesy Jeff Schmaltz Warm weather favours blue-green algal blooms The Baltic Sea in July 2005 Intense blue-green algal growth is directly linked to high phosphorus concentrations in surface waters. Warm, calm and sunny weather during early July 2005, in combination with the available phosphate, resulted in a widespread and intense bloom... (Helcom, ) Helsinki, Taivallahti Bay Finnish Environment Institute (SYKE)

12 Case Studies Map: Michael Staudt, GTK

13 Coastal water quality Background Need Legal issues: European/International background (WFD, MSFD, Bathing Water Directive, HELCOM) National laws Authorities responsible A transnational issue

14 Coastal water quality Networks Existing networks, clear responsibilities - thematic expertise - experienced in dealing with uncertainties and in using scientific data

15 Coastal water quality Research needs - Cost efficient management options

16 The Oder/Odra river basin Total emissions of Nitrogen Behrendt et al. (2005)

17 Case Studies Agro-aqua-recycling; Lindahl et al. (2005)

18 Removal of 10 % N of the annual river load (65,000 t N) out of the lagoon, in addition to nutrient reductions in the river basin 30 % of the lagoon are necessary as cultivation area 203 km² cultivation area for a removal of 6500 t N / year Investment costs: 600 million Euro ( Euro per ha) Operating costs: (0,08-0,1 Euro/kg) (after Gren et al. 2009)

19 Coastal water quality - Existing structures and a good awareness - National and international legal framework - Funding - Process based on international agreements - Long-term process - Ambitious goals - Research needed

20 Coastal protection Background - Outer coast: 377 km - 65% of the outer coast underlie erosion - 35 cm/a Fig. StALU 2009

21 Coastal protection Needs & Background - Sustainable coastal protection - Avoiding artificial materials (e.g. steel, concrete) - Regional/national responsibility - Existing structures and awareness Fig. StALU 2009

22 Coastal protection Process Regional planning process Involving regional and local stakeholders Process was speeded up by existing legal framework (including deadlines) Beach nourishment solution was fully agreed Funding from regional and national level, unlocking 2.4 m Euro investments

23 Case Studies Map: Michael Staudt, GTK

24 Case Studies Map: Michael Staudt, GTK

25 Coastal protection - Existing structures and a good awareness - National legal framework - Funding - Regional process - Existing knowledge - Short-term process

26 The beach - One spot with interlinked human activities but each adaptation process has its own - Drivers - Social situation - Legal situation - Financial situation - Knowledge situation - Speed

27 Thank you for your attention! Holger Janßen Leibniz Institute for Baltic Sea Research Warnemünde (IOW) Seestrasse Rostock-Warnemünde Germany Mail: Phone: Fax: