Fundamentals of Preparatiue and Nonlinear Chromatography
|
|
- Elmer Howard
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Fundamentals of Preparatiue and Nonlinear Chromatography Georges Guiochon University of Tennessee and Oak Ridge National Laboratory Distinguished Scientist Knoxville, Tennessee Sadroddin Golshan Shirazi Senior Scientist Applied Analytical Industries Wilmington, North Carolina Anita M. Katti Senior Development Engineer Mallinckrodt Chemical Inc. St. Louis, Academic Press Boston San Diego New York London Sydney Tokyo Toronto
2 TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface Acknowledgments xiii xv Chapter I. Introduction, Deflnitions, Goal 1 Introduction 1 I. History of Chromatography 3 1. Discovery by Tswett and Early Works 3 2. The Manhattan Project and the Purification of Rare Earth Elements 4 3. The API Project and the Extraction of Purified Hydrocarbons from Crude Oils 6 4- Preparative Chromatography as a Separation Process 6 IL Deflnitions Linear and Nonlinear Chromatography Ideal and Nonideal Chromatography Separation, Extraction, and Purification The Various Scales of Preparative Chromatography 16 III. Goal of the Book 17 References 18 Chapter II. The Mass Balance Equation of Chromatography and Its Properties..21 Introduction 21 I. The Mass and Heat Balance Equations of Chromatography Derivation of the Differential Mass Balance of a Compound Discussion of the Fundamental Assumptions Relationship between the Concentrations in the Stationary and Mobile Phases Near-Isothermal and Nonisothermal Systems Initial and Boundary Conditions 30 II. Solution of the System of Mass Balance Equations The Ideal Model The Equilibrium-Dispersive Model The Lumped Kinetic Models Eguivalence between Equilibrium-Dispersive and Kinetic Models of Chromatography 43 References 47 Chapter III. Single-Component Equilibrium Isotherms 49 Introduction 49 I. Fundamentals of Adsorption Equilibria Basic Thermodynamics of Adsorption and the Gibbs Isotherm The Linear Isotherm The Langmuir Isotherm in Gas-Solid Eguilibria The Virial Isotherm Statistical Thermodynamics of Adsorption Liquid-Solid Equilibria Surface Excess and Excess Isotherms 60 II. Models of Adsorption Isotherms The Langmuir Isotherm in Liquid-Solid Equilibria 61 vii
3 viii Fundamentals of Preparative and Nonlinear Chromatography 2. The Bi-Langmuir Isotherm The Fowler Isotherm The Freundlich Isotherm S-Shaped Isotherms and the Quadratic Isotherm Model Other Useful Isotherm Equations 78 III. Determination of Single-Component Isotherms Frontal Analysis (FA) Frontal Analysis by Characteristic Point (FACP) Elution by Characteristic Points (ECP) Pulse Methods The Retention Time Method Computation of Elution Profiles (CEP) Method Static Method 89 IV. Data Processing and Assessment Processing Experimental Data into an Isotherm Equation Accuracy and Precision Comparison of the Main Chromatographie Methods 93 References 96 Chapter IV. Competitive Equilibrium Isotherms 99 Introduction 99 I. Multicomponent Adsorption and Competitive Isotherm Models Competition for Adsorption The Competitive Langmuir Isotherm Model and Its Properties The Competitive Bi-Langmuir Isotherm The Ideal Adsorbed Solution The Statistical Isotherm The Competitive Fowler Isotherm The Competitive Freundlich-Langmuir Isotherm Competitive Isotherm Models for Chromatography Modes Other than Adsorption The Competitive Martire Isotherm 121 II. Determination of Competitive Isotherms Competitive Frontal Analysis Pulse Methods The Simple Wave Method 132 References 134 Chapter V. Fundamentals of Transport Phenomena in Chromatography 137 Introduction 137 I. Diffusion Diffusivity or Diffusion Coefficients Influence of the Concentration on the Bulk Diffusion Coefficients Influence of the Pressure on the Bulk Diffusion Coefficients Influence of the Temperature on the Bulk Diffusion Coefficients Measurement of the Diffusion Coefficients 146 II. Axial Dispersion and Mass Transfer Resistance in Packed Beds Axial Dispersion in Packed Beds Kinetics of Adsorption in Porous Adsorbents 148 III. The Viscosity of Liquids The Viscosity of the Mobile Phase Importance of the Mobile Phase Viscosity in Preparative Chromatography Calculation of the Inlet Pressure in the Case of a Variable Viscosity Feed Concentration, Mobile Phase Viscosity, and Inlet Pressure Flow Instability and Viscous Fingering 163 References 167 Chapter VI. Linear Chromatography 169 Introduction 169 I. The Plate Models Overview of the Approach 171
4 Table of Contents ix 2. The Martin and Synge Plate Model 3. The Craig Plate Model Comparison of the Two Plate Models 176 II. The Solution of the Mass Balance Equation The Equilibrium-Dispersive Model Solution of the Lumped Kinetic Model From the Lumped Kinetic Model back to the Equilibrium-Dispersive Model 189 III. The General Rate Model of Chromatography Analytical Solution in a Particular Case Inverse Laplace Transform of the Solution Moment Analysis and Plate Height Equations The Golay Plate Height Equation Dispersion and Partitioning in Short Coated Tubes 204 IV. The Statistical Approach Transport Equation in Chromatography with a Finite Speed of Signal Propagation. 206 V. Sources of Band Asymmetry and Tailing in Linear Chromatography VI. Extension of Linear Chromatography Models to Nonlinear Chromatography References 215 Chapter VII. The Ideal Model of Chromatography I. Elution of Single-Component Bands 217 Introduction 217 I. Retrospective of the Solution of the Ideal Model 218 IL Migration and Evolution of the Band Profile Continuous Part or Diffuse Boundary of the Profile Origin of the Concentration Shock Propagation of Concentration Shocks 226 III. Analytical Solution of the Ideal Model General Closed-Form Solution Case of the Langmuir Isotherm Concentration Profile along the Column Case of the Bi-Langmuir Isotherm Case of the Freundlich Isotherm Asymptotic Solution 240 IV. Practical Relevance of the Results of the Ideal Model 241 References 243 Chapter VIII. The Ideal Model of Chromatography II. Elution of Two-Component Bands 245 Introduction: Retrospective 245 I. General Principle of the Solution Statement of the Problem and Its Constraints Properties of the System of Mass Balance Equations 250 IL Analytical Solution for a Wide Band with Competitive Langmuir Isotherms Position of the Two Concentration Shocks Rear Diffuse Profiles of the Two Components The Intermediate Plateau on the Rear Diffuse Profile of the Second Component III. Analytical Solution for a Narrow Band with Competitive Langmuir Isotherms Retention Time of the Second Concentration Shock Maximum Concentration of the Two Components in the Mixed Zone Elution Profile of the First Component between the Two Shocks Retention Time of the First Shock 265 IV. Method of Calculation of the Solution of the Ideal Model in a Specific Case Case 1: Wide Injection Case 2: Injection Plateau Eroded, Pure First Component Plateau Present Case 3: Narrow Injection and Mixed Zone Case 4'- Touching Bands, Second Component Plateau Present Case 5: Resolved Bands Influence of the Width of the Injection Pulse 273 V. Dimensionless Plot of a Two-Component Band System 276 VI. The Displacement Effect 276
5 x Fundamentals of Preparative and Nonlinear Chromatography 1. Origin of the Displacement Effect Intensity of the Displacement Effect 278 VII. The Tag-Along Effect Origin of the Tag-Along Effect Intensity of the Tag-Along Effect 281 VIII. Practica! Relevance of the Results of the Ideal Model 281 References 284 Appendix 286 Chapter IX. The Ideal Model of Chromatography III. Displacement Chromatography 299 Introduction I. Steady State in the Displacement Mode. The Isotachic Train The Operating Line 2. Influence of the Displacer Concentration The Watershed Point 4- Case of a Trace Component II. The Theory of Characteristics Determination of the Characteristic Parameters 2. Application to Displacement Chromatography Wave Interactions Critical Value of the Displacer Concentration Plateau Concentrations and Bandwidth Critical Column Length for Isotachic Train Formation III. Practical Relevance of the Results of the Ideal Model References 322 Chapter X. The Equilibrium Dispersive Model I. Elution of Single-Component Bands 325 Introduction 325 I. Fundamental Basis of the Model and Apparent Dispersion Coefficient 327 II. Approximate Analytical Solutions The Houghton Solution The Haarhoff- Van der Linde Solution 3. Range of Validity of the Haarhoff-Van der Linde and Houghton Equations Influence of the Sample Size on the Bandwidth Comparison of the Experimental Band Profiles and the Prediction of These Equations 341 III. Numerical Solutions of the Equilibrium-Dispersive Model Principle of the Finite Difference Methods 2. Estimation of the Numerical Errors Made during the Calculation First Method: Calculation of Numerical Solutions of the Mass Balance Equation 4- Second Method: Replacement of Axial Dispersion by Numerical Dispersion Application of the Second Method Finite Element Method 357 IV. Results Obtained with the Equilibrium-Dispersive Model Comparison of Solutions of the Ideal and the Equilibrium-Dispersive Models Comparison of the Results of Different Calculation Methods Results of Computer Experiments Comparison with Experimental Results 371 References 378 Chapter XI. The Equilibrium-Dispersive Model II. Isocratic Separations of Two-Component Bands and Gradient Elution 381 Introduction 381 I. Numerical Analysis of the Equilibrium-Dispersive Model Finite Difference Methods. Principle Finite Difference Methods. Errors in the Case of Two Components Finite Element Method 390 IL Gradient Elution Solution of the Ideal Model in Gradient Elution Representation of the Isotherm in Gradient Elution 395
6 Table of Contents xi 3. Retention of the Modifier Calculation of Elution Band Profiles 398 III. Applications of the Equilibrium-Dispersive Model Comparison of Solutions of the Ideal and the Equilibrium-Dispersive Models The Hodograph Transform and Its Application Results of Computer Experiments Calculation of Multicomponent Chromatograms Comparison of Calculated Band Profiles and Experimental Results 6. Experimental and Calculated Band Profiles in Gradient Elution References 432 Chapter XII. The Equilibrium-Dispersive Model III. Frontal Analysis and Displacement 435 Introduction 435 I. Displacement Chromatography with a Nonideal Column Influence of the HETP Influence of the Sample Size and the Displacer Concentration Influence of the Column Length Influence of the Separation Factor Case of Trace Components Influence of the Impurities in the Displacer Solution Case of Selectivity Reversal 452 II. Applications of Displacement Chromatography Separation of Rare Earths and Other Cations Separation of Organic Compounds Separation of Peptides and Proteins Separation of Nucleic Acid Constituents 464 III. Comparison of Calculated and Experimental Results 467 References 471 Chapter XIII. The Equilibrium-Dispersive Model IV. System Peaks in Chromatography Introduction I. System Peaks in Linear Chromatography General Experimental Results on System Peaks Theory of System Peaks Indirect Detection Using System Peaks Application of System Peaks to Analyte Peak Compression Vacancy Chromatography 492 II. High-Concentration System Peaks High-Concentration System Peaks for a Single-Component Sample High-Concentration System Peaks for a Two-Component Sample 507 References 515 Chapter XIV. The Kinetic Models I. Frontal Analysis and Elution of Single-Component Bands 519 Introduction 519 I. Solution of the Breakthrough Curve under Constant Pattern Condition Analytical Solution for the Constant Pattern Profile Numerical Solution of the Breakthrough Curve under Constant Pattern Behavior Effect of Axial Dispersion The Shock Layer Theory Shock Layer in the Case of the Langmuir Isotherm Properties of the Shock Layer Thickness in Frontal Analysis Range of Validity of the Equilibrium-Dispersive Model 537 II. Analytical Solution of the Reaction-Kinetic Model Solution of the Reaction-Kinetic Model in the Case of a Step Injection Numerical Solutions of the Kinetic Model for a Breakthrough Curve Analytical Solution of the Reaction-Kinetic Model in the Case of a Pulse Injection Numerical Solution of the Reaction-Dispersive Model for a Pulse Injection 543
7 xii Fundamentals of Preparative and Nonlinear Chromatography III. Comparison of the Various Kinetic Models of Nonlinear Chromatography 545 IV. Results of Computer Experiments 552 V. Comparison between Theoretical and Experimental Results 554 References 558 Chapter XV. The Kinetic Models II. Frontal Analysis, Flution, and Displacement of Multicomponent Bands 561 Introduction I. Analytical Solution under Constant Pattern Behavior The Shock Layer Theory for a Binary Mixture Shock Layer in the Case of Competitive Langmuir Isotherms Shock Layer Thickness in Binary Frontal Analysis Shock Layer Thickness in Displacement Chromatography 568 II. Linear Driving Force Model Approach 574 III. Numerical Solution of the General Rate Model of Chromatography Formulation of the General Rate Model Solutions of the General Rate Model The VERSE Model IV. Comparison of Solutions of Rate Models and Experimental Results V. Effect of the Particle Size Distribution References Chapter XVI. Optimization of the Experimental Conditions in Preparative Chromatography 595 Introduction 595 I. Definitions Throughput Sample Size and Loading Factor Cycle Time Production Rate Cut Points Recovery Yield Purity of a Component 8. Specific Production II. The Economics of Chromatographie Separations The Components of the Production Cost The Different Objective Functions 3. Identification of the Experimental Parameters III. Optimization Based on Theoretical Considerations The Knox and Pyper Approach Optimization for Touching Band Using the Ideal Model Optimization for Overlapping Bands with No Yield Constraint 4- Optimization for Overlapping Bands with Yield Constraint IV. Optimization Using Numerical Solutions Maximum Production Rate in Elution Minimum Solvent Consumption in Elution Compromise between Maximum Production Rate and Minimum Solvent Consumption Maximum Production Rate in Displacement Chromatography Comparison between Elution and Displacement Chromatography 641 V. Recycling Procedures 648 VI. Comparison between Experimental and Calculated Results 649 VII. Practical Rules 651 References 656 Glossary of Symbols 659 Glossary of Terms 669 Subject Index 693
KINEMATIC WAVE MODELING IN WATER RESOURCES Environmental Hydrology
KINEMATIC WAVE MODELING IN WATER RESOURCES Environmental Hydrology VIJAY P. SINGH Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering Louisiana State University Baton Rouge, Louisiana A Wiley-lnterscience
More informationContents. Preface XI Nomenclature XIII. Part I Basic Concepts and Principles 1
V Preface XI Nomenclature XIII Part I Basic Concepts and Principles 1 1 Introduction 3 1.1 Background and Scope 3 1.2 Dimensions and Units 4 1.3 Intensive and Extensive Properties 6 1.4 Equilibria and
More informationSeparation of Mixed Solutes Using Reciprocating Size Exclusion Chromatography: Computer Simulation Based upon Experimental Parameters
Korean J. Chem. Eng., 19(4), 663-668 (2002) Separation of Mixed Solutes Using Reciprocating Size Exclusion Chromatography: Computer Simulation Based upon Experimental Parameters Young-Mi Kim and Yoon-Mo
More informationAircraft Structures B H. for engineering students. T. H. G. Megson ELSEVIER SAN FRANCISCO SINGAPORE SYDNEY TOKYO
Aircraft Structures for engineering students Fifth Edition T. H. G. Megson Sag- ELSEVIER AMSTERDAM BOSTON HEIDELBERG LONDON NEW YORK OXFORD PARIS SAN DIEGO SAN FRANCISCO SINGAPORE SYDNEY TOKYO Butterworth-Heinemann
More informationChromatography Column Performance and Data Analysis Success Guide. Hints and Tips for Better Purifications
Chromatography Column Performance and Data Analysis Success Guide Hints and Tips for Better Purifications This Chromatography Success Guide provides practical advice on preparative chromatography and protein
More informationA Textbook of Metallurgical Kinetics
A Textbook of Metallurgical Kinetics A Textbook of Metallurgical Kinetics AHINDRA GHOSH Formerly Professor Materials and Metallurgical Engineering Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur SUDIPTO GHOSH Associate
More informationChapter 1 Principles of ion exchange
Chapter 1 Principles of ion exchange This chapter provides a general introduction to the theoretical principles that underlie every ion exchange separation. An understanding of these principles will enable
More informationOverview of preparative HPLC. Analytical Technologies Limited
Overview of preparative HPLC Analytical Technologies Limited 1.Review of liquid phase chromatography origin develop prospect Mobile phase Tewett 1903 Stationa ry phase origin Separation result Liquid-stationary
More informationContents FUNDAMENTALS OF STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS. Section A1 Elasticity... 3
Preface... xv PART A FUNDAMENTALS OF STRUCTURAL ANALYSIS Section A1 Elasticity... 3 CHAPTER 1 Basic elasticity... 5 1.1 Stress... 5 1.2 Notation for forces and stresses... 7 1.3 Equations of equilibrium...
More informationTSK-GEL BioAssist Series Ion Exchange Columns
Separation Report No. 100 TSK-GEL BioAssist Series Ion Exchange Columns Table of Contents 1. Introduction 2 2. Basic Properties 2 2-1 Ion-Exchange Capacity and Pore Characteristics 2 2-2 Separation of
More informationReversed-phase Separation of Intact Monoclonal Antibodies Using Agilent ZORBAX Rapid Resolution High Definition 300SB-C8 1.
Reversed-phase Separation of Intact Monoclonal Antibodies Using Agilent ZORBAX Rapid Resolution High Definition 3SB-C8 1.8 µm Column Application Note Biopharmaceuticals Authors James Martosella and Phu
More informationAgilent SD-1 Purification System. Purify your way SD-1
Agilent SD-1 Purification System Purify your way SD-1 AGILENT SD-1 PURIFICATION SYSTEM PURIFY YOUR WAY WITH HIGH QUALITY SEPARATIONS AT ANY SCALE The Agilent SD-1 Purification System achieves better gradient
More informationPetroleum Production Systems
Petroleum Production Systems SECOND EDITION Michael J. Economides A. Daniel Hill Christine Ehlig-Economides Ding Zhu PRENTICE HALL Upper Saddle River, NJ Boston Indianapolis San Francisco New York Toronto
More informationTable of Contents. Preface...
Preface... xi Chapter 1. Metallurgical Thermochemistry... 1 1.1. Introduction... 1 1.2. Quantities characterizing the state of a system and its evolution... 3 1.2.1. The types of operations... 3 1.2.2.
More informationModule 16: Gel filtration: Principle, Methodology & applications. Dr. Savita Yadav Professor Department of Biophysics AIIMS, New Delhi
PAPER 9: TECHNIQUES USED IN MOLECULAR BIOPHYSICS I Module 16: Gel filtration: Principle, Methodology & applications Dr. Savita Yadav Professor Department of Biophysics AIIMS, New Delhi Module 16 Gel filtration:
More informationPurification of oligonucleotides by anion exchange chromatography
Purification of oligonucleotides by anion exchange chromatography APPLICATION NOTE AN 4 1 1 AA Solid-phase synthesis of oligonucleotides generally give material of rather high purity. However, for many
More informationAgilent 218 Purification System. Purify your way
Agilent 218 Purification System Purify your way 218 AGILENT 218 PURIFICATION SYSTEM PURIFY YOUR WAY WITH A FLEXIBLE SYSTEM WITHIN REACH OF YOUR BUDGET The Agilent 218 Purification System has the flexibility
More informationThermodynamics of. Turbomachinery. Fluid Mechanics and. Sixth Edition. S. L. Dixon, B. Eng., Ph.D. University of Liverpool, C. A. Hall, Ph.D.
Fluid Mechanics and Thermodynamics of Turbomachinery Sixth Edition S. L. Dixon, B. Eng., Ph.D. Honorary Senior Fellow, Department of Engineering, University of Liverpool, UK C. A. Hall, Ph.D. University
More informationCrystal Growth from Melts
Crystal Growth from Melts Applications to Growth of Groups 1 and 2 Crystals Bimalendu Narayan Roy Sheffield City Polytechnic, UK JOHN WILEY & SONS Chichester New York Brisbane Toronto Singapore Contents
More informationRomain Laverriere Tatiana Pachova HPLC
Romain Laverriere Tatiana Pachova HPLC Table of content: 1 Abstract... 3 2 Introduction... 3 3 Methodology... 3 4 Results... 3 4.1 Peak identification... 4 4.2 Determination of the optimum flow rate...
More informationSimple Techniques for Improving the Isolation of Synthetic Peptides Jo-Ann Jablonski Principal Scientist Waters Corporation
Simple Techniques for Improving the Isolation of Synthetic Peptides Jo-Ann Jablonski Principal Scientist Waters Corporation 2016 Waters Corporation 1 Agenda Background Techniques Scaling a separation Focusing
More informationINCOMPRESSIBLE FLOW TURBOMACHINES Design, Selection, Applications,
INCOMPRESSIBLE FLOW TURBOMACHINES Design, Selection, Applications, George F. Round Professor Emeritus McMaster University Hamilton, Ontario Canada ELSEVIER BUTTERWORTH HEINEMANN Amsterdam Boston Heidelberg
More informationDesign Calculations for Groundwater and Soil Remediation
Second Edition Practical Design Calculations for Groundwater and Soil Remediation Jeff Kuo ^ Ql*" CRC Press J Taylor& Francis Group Boca Raton CRC Press is an imprint of the London New York Taylor & Francis
More informationPhase Equilibria, Phase Diagrams and Phase Transformations
Mats Hillert Department of Materials Science and Engineering KTH, Stockholm Phase Equilibria, Phase Diagrams and Phase Transformations Their Thermodynamic Basis CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS Contents Preface
More informationADVANCE ACCURACY AND PRODUCTIVITY FOR FASTER ANALYSIS
Agilent AdvanceBio Columns ADVANCE ACCURACY AND PRODUCTIVITY FOR FASTER ANALYSIS with Agilent ZORBAX RRHD 3Å 1.8 µm columns ns Rapid resolution high definition columns for UHPLC protein and peptide separations
More informationHydrogen in Semiconductors
Hydrogen in Semiconductors SEMICONDUCTORS AND SEMIMETALS Volume 34 Volume Editors JACQUES I. PANKOVE UNIVERSITY OF COLORADO AT BOULDER BOULDER, COLORADO NOBLE M. JOHNSON XEROX PALO ALTO RESEARCH CENTER
More informationAnalysis of Statically Determinate Structures. W.M.Onsongo. 11~1~~ii~1 ~il~~i~i~',r,~jrll. Nairobi University Press
Analysis of Statically Determinate Structures W.M.Onsongo 11~1~~ii~1 ~il~~i~i~',r,~jrll 04965208 Nairobi University Press CONTENTS Preface xiii CHAPTER INTRODUCTION I 1.1 Structures 1.2 Loads 1.3 Analysis
More informationGas Dehydration Field Manual
Gas Dehydration Field Manual Maurice Stewart Ken Arnold AMSTERDAM BOSTON HEIDELBERG LONDON NEW YORK OXFORD * PARIS SAN DIEGO SAN FRANCISCO SINGAPORE SYDNEY TOKYO QulfProfcsiion»l Publishing Is an Imprint
More informationThe Retention Gap Effect
GC CONNECTIONS The Retention Gap Effect John V. Hinshaw, Serveron Corp., Hillsboro, Oregon, USA. In this month s GC Connections, the author examines the effects on retention times and peak shapes when
More informationMethod Translation in Liquid Chromatography
Method Translation in Liquid Chromatography Technical Overview Abstract Ronald E. Majors Agilent Technologies, Inc. 2850 Centerville Rd Wilmington, DE 19808 USA With the recent emphasis on high performance
More informationReplacing Solvent Gradient HPLC Methods with Temperature Programmed HTLC
Replacing Solvent Gradient HPLC Methods with Temperature Programmed HTLC Stephanie J. Marin Brian Jones, Dale Felix, Jody Clark Selerity Technologies, Inc. Salt Lake City, UT www.selerity.com Introduction
More informationBÜCHI Labortechnik AG
BÜCHI Labortechnik AG Purification BUCHI Chromatography History 1977: BUCHI Fraction Collector 1978: 1 st preparative chromatography system 2008: automated chromatography system 2014: automated high performance
More informationPROTEIN CHROMATOGRAPHY - ENGINEERING FUNDAMENTALS AND MEASUREMENT FOR PROCESS DEVELOPMENT AND SCALE-UP MAY 27TH TO JUNE 1ST 2018, VIENNA, AUSTRIA
PROTEIN CHROMATOGRAPHY - ENGINEERING FUNDAMENTALS AND MEASUREMENT FOR PROCESS DEVELOPMENT AND SCALE-UP MAY 27TH TO JUNE 1ST 2018, VIENNA, AUSTRIA Held by: Prof. Alois Jungbauer; Department of Biotechnology,
More informationIntroduction Ron Majors is a Senior Scientist at Agilent. Bill Champion is a chemist in Agilent s HPLC Columns tech support group.
Video Notes LC Troubleshooting Series Ghost Peaks Introduction Ron Majors is a Senior Scientist at Agilent. Bill Champion is a chemist in Agilent s HPLC Columns tech support group. Ghost peaks can come
More informationThank you for joining us! Our Webinar will begin shortly Principles of SPE: Troubleshooting Techniques
Thank you for joining us! Our Webinar will begin shortly Principles of SPE: Troubleshooting Techniques Using the Power of Chromatography to Solve Sample Preparation Challenges 2013 Waters Corporation 1
More informationNumerical investigation of separation of metals by non-steady-state cyclic counter-current liquid-liquid extraction.
Research Article http://www.alliedacademies.org/journal-industrial-environmental-chemistry/ Numerical investigation of separation of metals by non-steady-state cyclic counter-current liquid-liquid extraction.
More informationNovel Wide-Pore Superficially Porous Particles for Biomacromolecular Separations
Novel Wide-Pore Superficially Porous Particles for Biomacromolecular Separations S. A. Schuster, B. M. Wagner, B. E. Boyes and J. J. Kirkland Advanced Materials Technology, Inc. 3521 Silverside Rd., Quillen
More informationAbstract Process Economics Program Report 188B BIOTECHNOLOGY SEPARATION PROCESSES (June 2002)
Abstract Process Economics Program Report 188B BIOTECHNOLOGY SEPARATION PROCESSES (June 2002) The chemical industry has a renewed interest in developing processes for producing industrial chemicals from
More informationABSTRACT. amorphous metals, and utilized the correlation between elastic properties and fragility as a
ABSTRACT In the present thesis study, we combined molecular dynamics (MD) simulations and experiments to systematically investigate the Debye-Grüneisen thermal expansion effect and configurational potential
More information10. Validated Normal Phase HPLC Method for the Determination. Fulvestrant is primarily used in the treatment of hormone receptor
229 10. Validated Normal Phase HPLC Method for the Determination of Fulvestrant in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms 10.1 Introduction Fulvestrant is primarily used in the treatment of hormone receptor positive
More informationFaster Separations Using Agilent Weak Cation Exchange Columns
Faster Separations Using Agilent Weak Cation Exchange Columns Application Note BioPharma Author Andrew Coffey Agilent Technologies, Inc. Abstract Ion exchange is a commonly used technique for the separation
More informationThree-zone simulated moving-bed (SMB) for separation of cytosine and guanine
Korean J. Chem. Eng., 29(7), 952-958 (2012) DOI: 10.1007/s11814-011-0247-6 INVITED REVIEW PAPER Three-zone simulated moving-bed (SMB) for separation of cytosine and guanine Sung-Moon Song, Moon-Bae Park,
More informationMaterials Science and Engineering: An Introduction
Materials Science and Engineering: An Introduction Callister, William D. ISBN-13: 9780470419977 Table of Contents List of Symbols. 1 Introduction. 1.1 Historical Perspective. 1.2 Materials Science and
More informationThe amazing ability of continuous chromatography to adapt to a moving environment.
The amazing ability of continuous chromatography to adapt to a moving environment. Roger-Marc Nicoud, Founder of Novasep Barcelona, October 2013 Introduction My thesis: the environment pressure pushes
More informationNatural Gas Processing
Natural Gas Processing Technology and Engineering Design Alireza Bahadori, Ph.D. School of Environment, Science and Engineering, Southern Cross University, Lismore, NSW, Australia AMSTERDAM BOSTON HEIDELBERG
More informationThe Deep Mixing Method
The Deep Mixing Method Masaki Kitazume Tokyo Institute oftechnology.tokyo, Japan Masaaki Terashi Consultant, Tokyo, japan Taylor & Francis Group Boca Raton London New York Leiden CRC Press is an imprint
More informationAGRICULTURAL PRODUCT PRICES FIFTH EDITION. William G. Tomek. Harry M. Kaiser CORNELL UNIVERSITY PRESS ITHACA AND LONDON
AGRICULTURAL PRODUCT PRICES FIFTH EDITION William G. Tomek Harry M. Kaiser CORNELL UNIVERSITY PRESS ITHACA AND LONDON Contents Kenneth L. Robinson: An Acknowledgment Preface to the Fifth Edition xi ix
More information3. Close the bottom end of the column and apply the packing device on top. Pump water through the upper adaptor to remove air.
INSTRUCTIONS FOR USE WorkBeads Protein A Product name Pack size Article number WorkBeads Protein A Bulk Media 1.5 ml 40605001 Bulk Media 5 ml 40605002 Bulk Media 10 ml 40605003 Bulk Media 100 ml 40605004
More informationADVANCE ACCURACY AND PRODUCTIVITY FOR FASTER ANALYSIS
Agilent AdvanceBio Columns ADVANCE ACCURACY AND PRODUCTIVITY FOR FASTER ANALYSIS with Agilent ZORBAX RRHD 3Å 1.8 µm columns ns Rapid resolution high definition columns for UHPLC protein and peptide separations
More informationPrinciples of. Turbomachinery. Seppo A. Korpela. The Ohio State University WILEY A JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC., PUBLICATION
Principles of Turbomachinery Seppo A. Korpela The Ohio State University WILEY A JOHN WILEY & SONS, INC., PUBLICATION CONTENTS Foreword xiii Acknowledgments xv 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Energy and fluid machines
More informationIsolation of Protein
Isolation of Protein Ultra-centrifugation http://irfanchemist.wordpress.com/2009/04/19/isolation-of-protein / Protein solutions of various masses or densities may separated based on the time it takes to
More informationLAMINAR FLOW FORCED CONVECTION IN DUCTS A Source Book for Compact Heat Exchanger Analytical Data
LAMINAR FLOW FORCED CONVECTION IN DUCTS A Source Book for Compact Heat Exchanger Analytical Data R. K.^hah A. L. London Harrison Kadiator Division Mechanical Engineering Department General Motors Corporation
More informationPreparative Purification of Corticosteroids by HPLC; Scalability and Loadability Using Agilent Prep C18 HPLC Columns Application
Preparative Purification of Corticosteroids by PLC; Scalability and Loadability Using Agilent Prep C18 PLC Columns Application Pharmaceuticals Authors Cliff Woodward and Ronald Majors Agilent Technologies,
More informationThermally Activated Mechanisms in Crystal Plasticity
PERGAMON MATERIALS SERIES Thermally Activated Mechanisms in Crystal Plasticity by D. Caillard CEMES/CNRS-BP4347, F 31055 Toulouse Cedex J. L. Martin IPMC/EPFL-CH 1015 Lausanne 2003 PERGAMON An Imprint
More informationModular Design for Machine Tools
Modular Design for Machine Tools Yoshimi Ito, Dr.-Eng., C.Eng., FIET Professor Emeritus Tokyo Institute of Technology Mc Graw Hill New York Chicago San Francisco Lisbon London Madrid Mexico City Milan
More informationCONTENTS PART II. MAGNETIC PROPERTIES OF MATERIALS
PART I. INTRODUCTION 1. CONCEPTS OF FERROMAGNETISM I Magnetic Field 1 Intensity of Magnetization and Magnetic Induction 2 Magnetization and Permeability Curves 3 Hysteresis Loop 4 Ferromagnetism, Paramagnetism
More informationPreface to the First Edition Preface to the Second Edition. Acknowledgment
Dedication Preface to the First Edition Preface to the Second Edition Forewords Acknowledgment iii xiii xv xvii xix Chapter 1 Introduction to Pipeline Systems 1 1.1 Introduction 1 1.2 Liquid Pipelines
More informationThermodynamics of Surfaces and Interfaces
Thermodynamics of Surfaces and Interfaces An accessible yet rigorous discussion of the thermodynamics of surfaces and interfaces, bridging the gap between textbooks and advanced literature by delivering
More informationKinetic Studies of Biological Interactions By Affinity Chromatography
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln David Hage Publications Published Research - Department of Chemistry 5-2009 Kinetic Studies of Biological Interactions By
More informationp. 27 p. 30 p. 45 Key words p. 45 Abstract p. 45 Introduction p. 45 Theory p. 46 The Equation-of-State Framework p. 46
Solubility Parameters - An Introduction p. 1 Abstract p. 1 Introduction p. 1 Hildebrand Parameters and Basic Polymer Solution Thermodynamics p. 2 Hansen Solubility Parameters p. 4 Methods and Problems
More informationReversed Phase Chromatography
Reversed Phase Chromatography Principles and Methods 18-1134-16 Edition AA Reversed Phase Chromatography Contents 1. Introduction... 5 Theory of reversed phase chromatography... 6 The matrix... 9 The ligands...
More informationData Mining Applications with R
Data Mining Applications with R Yanchang Zhao Senior Data Miner, RDataMining.com, Australia Associate Professor, Yonghua Cen Nanjing University of Science and Technology, China AMSTERDAM BOSTON HEIDELBERG
More informationZhongchao Tan. Air Pollution and Greenhouse Gases. From Basic Concepts to Engineering. Applications for Air Emission Control.
Zhongchao Tan Air Pollution and Greenhouse Gases From Basic Concepts to Engineering Applications for Air Emission Control ^ Springer Contents 1 Air Emissions I 1.1 Air 1 1.2 Air Pollution and Greenhouse
More informationRecent Trends in Thermoelectric Materials Research II
Recent Trends in Thermoelectric Materials Research II SEMICONDUCTORS AND SEMIMETALS Volume 70 Volume Editor TERRY M. TRITT DEPARTMENT OF PHYSICS AND ASTRONOMY CLEMSON UNIVERSITY CLEMSON, SOUTH CAROLINA
More informationADVANCED WATER DISTRIBUTION MODELING AND MANAGEMENT
H A E S T A D M E T H O D S ADVANCED WATER DISTRIBUTION MODELING AND MANAGEMENT F i r s t E d i t i o n Table of Contents Preface Continuing Education Units About the Software xv xix xxi Chapter 1 Introduction
More informationExploring Engineering
Exploring Engineering An Introduction to Engineering and Design Third Edition Philip Kosky Robert Balmer William Keat George Wise ELSEVIER AMSTERDAM BOSTON HI'IDIU.HURG LONDON * NliW YORK OXFORD PARIS
More informationPrecision Injection Molding
Precision Injection Molding Jehuda Greener, Reinhold Wimberger-Friedl Process, Materials and Applications ISBN 3-446-21670-7 Weitere Informationen oder Bestellungen unter http://www.hanser.de/3-446-21670-7
More informationResearch Areas: Subsurface Flow & Transport (modified after Springer; YZ s expertise/interest marked by X )
Research Areas: Subsurface Flow & Transport (modified after Springer; YZ s expertise/interest marked by X ) Classification Description A Fundamental of Transport in Porous Media A1 Phenomenological theory
More informationSCION GC Series. The Gas Chromatographers Choice for Separations
SCION GC Series The Gas Chromatographers Choice for Separations Innovation in Gas Chromatography Scion Instrument s tradition of innovation and product reliability have combined to create the next generation
More informationSCION GC Series. The Gas Chromatographers Choice for Separations
SCION GC Series The Gas Chromatographers Choice for Separations Innovation in Gas Chromatography Scion Instrument s tradition of innovation and product reliability have combined to create the next generation
More informationSeparation of Recombinant Human Erythropoietin (repo) Using Agilent Bio SEC-3
Separation of Recombinant Human Erythropoietin (repo) Using Agilent Bio SEC-3 Application Note BioPharma Authors Phu T Duong and James Martosella Agilent Technologies, Inc. 285 Centerville Rd, Wilmington,
More informationHow do you maximize purity and yield? 2 Continuous counter-current chromatography
How do you maximize purity and yield? 2 Continuous counter-current chromatography Get purity and yield! The SMB Principle In SMB processes you do not have to decide for either yield or purity go for both!
More informationPHYSICSOF SOLARCELLS. Jenny Nelson. Imperial College, UK. Imperial College Press ICP
im- PHYSICSOF SOLARCELLS Jenny Nelson Imperial College, UK ICP Imperial College Press Contents Preface v Chapter 1 Introduction 1 1.1. Photons In, Electrons Out: The Photovoltaic Effect 1 1.2. Brief History
More informationSingle Piles and Pile Groups
Single Piles and Pile Groups Under Lateral Loading 2nd Edition Lymon C. Reese Academic Chair Emeritus Department of Civil Engineering The University of Texas at Austin William Van Impe Full Professor of
More informationPurification Strategy for Antibodies in partnership with Mannheim University of Applied Sciences
Chromatography Purification Strategy for Antibodies in partnership with Mannheim University of Applied Sciences Putting theory into practice In today s evolving workplace, it is vital to understand why
More informationThe Theory of HPLC Gradient HPLC
The Theory of HPLC Gradient HPLC i Wherever you see this symbol, it is important to access the on-line course as there is interactive material that cannot be fully shown in this reference manual. 1 Contents
More informationThe Future is NOW for Continuous Manufacturing Part 3 Multi Column Continuous (MCC) Chromatography
The Future is NOW for Continuous Manufacturing Part 3 Multi Column Continuous (MCC) Chromatography Dr. Kathleen Mihlbachler Global Director of Separation Development LEWA Process Technologies 15 01 2015
More informationDynamic Axial compression Liquid Chromatography Columns. Flash MPLC HPLC UHPLC. Proven, scalable technology for classic purification techniques
Dynamic Axial compression Liquid Chromatography Columns Flash MPLC HPLC UHPLC Proven, scalable technology for classic purification techniques Synthesis Purification Expand the Boundaries of Liquid Chromatography
More informationChemical Engineering COURSE OUTCOME
II nd Year Chemical Engineering COURSE OUTCOME Course Name: Applied Mathematics Students expertise in solving numerical methods, Laplace transforms, Fourier Transform & Z-transform. Probability & probability
More informationAPPLICATIONS TN Overview of Kinetex 2.6 µm Core-Shell Technology
TN-7 Determination of Impurities and Related Substances for Glibenclamide (EP Monograph 78). Increased Sensitivity, Improved Resolution and Faster Analysis Using Kinetex.6 µm Core-Shell LC Columns Elli
More informationAn Introduction into Applied Soil Hydrology
Klaus Bohne An Introduction into Applied Soil Hydrology Preface Contents 1 Introduction: The soil as a reactor between the earth's atmosphere and the subsurface 1 2 Mechanical composition of mineral soils
More informationPhenyl Sepharose High Performance Butyl Sepharose High Performance
Instructions 71-7129-00 AF Hydrophobic interaction Phenyl Sepharose High Performance Butyl Sepharose High Performance Phenyl Sepharose TM High Performance and Butyl Sepharose High Performance are members
More informationCapacity and performance of MabSelect PrismA protein A chromatography resin
Capacity and performance of protein A chromatography resin is a protein A resin of which both the ligand and the base matrix have been optimized. The resin exhibits improved capacity over its predecessor
More informationContents. 1 Overview of Ship-Shaped Offshore Installations Front-End Engineering Preface Acknowledgments How to Use This Book.
Table of Preface Acknowledgments How to Use This Book page xv xix xxi 1 Overview of Ship-Shaped Offshore Installations...1 1.1 Historical Overview of Offshore Structure Developments 1 1.1.1 Early History
More informationAreader sent me the following question by
64 CGC NORTH AMERICA VOUME NUMBER 7 JUY 004 www.chromatographyonline.com The Retention Gap Effect GC Connections In this month s GC Connections, the author examines the effects on retention times and peak
More informationO 2 n-site Oxygen Production
O 2 n-site Oxygen Production DeJuan Frank Stew Harwood University of Oklahoma May 4, 2006 1 Outline Project Goal Brief Theory Progression of Project Design Design Conclusions Business and Economic Analysis
More informationFast Preparative Column Liquid Chromatography (PCLC)
Fast Preparative Column Liquid Chromatography (PCLC) Application Note 224 Joan Stevens, Ph.D. and Gary Scharrer Introduction Preparative HPLC is recognized as a prime method for obtaining pure compounds
More informationFundamental Structural Analysis
Fundamental Structural Analysis w. J. Spencer Fundamental Structural Analysis Springer Science+Business Media, LLC W. J. Spencer 1988 Originally published by Springer-Verlag New York Inc. in 1998 Softcover
More information2 Liquid chromatography of biomolecules
2 Liquid chromatography of biomolecules Proteins, peptides, DNA, RNA, lipids, and organic cofactors have various characteristics such as electric charge, molecular weight, hydrophobicity, and surface relief.
More informationNonionic Polymer Enhancement of Aggregate Removal in Ion Exchange
Nonionic Polymer Enhancement of Aggregate Removal in Ion Exchange and Hydroxyapatite Chromatography Pete Gagnon, Richard Richieri, Simin Zaidi 12th Annual Waterside Conference, San Juan, Puerto Rico, April
More informationMathematical Modeling of Elution Curves for a Protein Mixture in Ion Exchange Chromatography and for the Optimal Selection of Operational Conditions
Mathematical Modeling of Elution Curves for a Protein Mixture in Ion Exchange Chromatography and for the Optimal Selection of Operational Conditions C. Shene, 1 A. Lucero, 2 B.A. Andrews, 2 J.A. Asenjo
More informationOptimizing the Purification of a Standard Chiral Compound Utilizing a Benchtop, Multi-Purpose, Semi-Preparative to Preparative HPLC System
Optimizing the Purification of a Chiral Compound Utilizing a Benchtop, Multi-Purpose, Semi-Preparative to Preparative HPLC System Application Note PHA0111 Keywords Chiral, Enantiomer, HPLC, Normal Phase
More informationEffective Scaling of Preparative Separations Using Axial Compression Columns
Effective Scaling of Preparative Separations Using Axial Compression Columns Peter Rahn, Gareth Friedlander, Graham Osborn, and Emmet Welch Phenomenex, Inc., 411 Madrid Ave., Torrance, CA 90501 USA Introduction
More informationANAlysis an<j. DEsiqN. BiOREACTORS. Education Private Limited TAPOBRATA PANDA. Professor of Biochemical Engineering, NEW DELHI. McGraw-Hill Offices
BiOREACTORS ANAlysis an
More informationDownscaling Purification Processes for Biologics
Clearance Services Considerations in Downscaling Purification Processes for Biologics O-0280608 About BioReliance BioReliance Corporation is a leading provider of cost-effective contract services to the
More informationENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY APTI 435: Atmospheric Sampling Course. Student Manual
ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY APTI 435: Atmospheric Sampling Course Student Manual Table of Contents Chapter 1: An Introduction to Atmospheric Sampling... 1-1 1.1 Introduction... 1-2 1.2 Sampling Train
More informationIntroduction. Abstract
Application of Moment Analysis to Mass Transfer Kinetics of Reversed-Phase Liquid Chromatography: Part 1. Experimental Investigation of Measurement of the Third Central Moment Hong Gao 1,2,3, Xiuhong Wu
More informationTable of Contents. iii. vi Tables. Figures. viii Foreword. ix Acknowledgments
Figures vi Tables viii Foreword ix Acknowledgments xi About the authors xiii Chapter 1. Fundamentals 1 Fluid Properties 1 Temperature 2 Pressure 3 Gravity and Miscibility 3 Solubility 4 The Ideal Gas Law
More informationEngineering. Chemical. The Essential Reference. Louis Theodore. Mc Graw Hill Education. Singapore Sydney Toronto. New York Chicago San Francisco
Chemical Engineering The Essential Reference Louis Theodore Mc Graw Hill Education New York Chicago San Francisco Athens London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi Singapore Sydney Toronto Preface xv Introduction
More informationGradient Elution. Slide 2
Gradient Elution Why choose this separation mode? What HPLC parameters affect a gradient separation? How can I use these parameters to improve my gradient separation? Slide 2 Is Gradient or Isocratic Elution
More information