REQUEST FOR PROPOSAL TRANSPORT AND DIVERSION OF VARIOUS MATERIAL STREAMS RFQ #15 ( ) ADDENDUM # 1

Transcription

1 REQUEST FOR PROPOSAL TRANSPORT AND DIVERSION OF VARIOUS MATERIAL STREAMS RFQ #15 ( ) ADDENDUM # 1 This addendum shall be incorporated into, and form part of the above and take precedence over all requirements of the previously issued bid documents including plans. This addendum must be signed by the bidder (signing officer) in the appropriate space and must be attached to the Form for submission by the bidder. This Addendum consists of two (2) pages. 1. Question - Can the Zoo provide a 3 year history on the amount of lifts performed for each product.? Answer For 2013 OCC 40 cubic yard bin had 43 lifts Co-Mingled 20 cubic yard had 49 lifts Wood 20 cubic yard had 12 lifts For 2012 OCC 40 cubic yard bin had 38 lifts Co-Mingled 20 cubic yard bin had 61 lifts (to many completed with not full bins, changed the amount of lifts for next year) Wood 20 cubic yard bin 12 lifts For 2011 we cannot provide the information since it was not tracked. 2. Can the Zoo provide the most current waste audit.? Answer Attached is a copy of the 2009 Waste Audit Report. 3. Question Will the ability to provide or the amount provided for sponsorship be a requirement in the awarding of a contract? Answer - While sponsorship is not a mandatory requirement, the inclusion or noninclussion of any sponsorship will be factored in the evaluation and award selection process. Receipt of the Addendum shall be acknowledged as part of your submission. Page 1 of 2

2 RFQ #15 ( ) TRANSPORT AND DIVERSION OF VARIOUS MATERIAL STREAMS ADDENDUM # 1 The Board of Management of the Toronto Zoo reserves the right to reject any or all Quotations or to accept any quotation, should it deem such action to be in its interests. If you have any queries regarding this matter, please contact Mr. Peter Vasilopoulos, Supervisor, Purchasing & Supply, at Yours truly, Peter Vasilopoulos Supervisor, Purchasing & Supply I/we hereby acknowledge receipt of this addendum and make allowance in my bid. Signed (Must be Signing Officer of Firm) Name of Firm Date: Page 2 of 2

3 2009 Waste Audit Report and Waste Reduction Workplan Toronto Zoo 361A Old Finch Avenue Toronto, Ontario

4 August 24, 2009 Anna-Marie Burrows Manager of Grounds Keeping Toronto Zoo 361A Old Finch Avenue Toronto, Ontario M1B 5K7 Dear Ms. Burrows, Please find the enclosed Waste Audit Report and Waste Reduction Workplan for Toronto Zoo. To fulfill the requirements of Regulation 102/ 94, the Waste Reduction Workplan should be posted in your facility for all employees. The information provided is strictly confidential. If there are any questions about the findings in the report, please feel free to contact the Environmental Department at (416) Sincerely, Kari King Environmental Initiatives Coordinator

5 TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS... 2 TABLES... 3 CHARTS... 3 EXECUTIVE SUMM ARY... 4 WASTE AUDIT M ETHODOLOGY... 6 INTRODUCTION... 7 GLOSSARY OF TERM S... 8 SECTION RECYCLED MATERIALS LANDFILL WASTE SECTION GENERATION AREA: RESTAURANTS GENERATION AREA: HORTICULTURE GENERATION AREA: ANIMAL CARE GENERATION AREAS: MISCELLANEOUS & CUSTODIAL Analysis and Projections RECOMMENDATIONS IMPROVE PAPER AND PLASTIC RECYCLING IMPROVE ORGANIC RECYCLING PROGRAM MONITORING AND EVALUATION SIGNAGE & EDUCATION UPDATE PROCUREMENT POLICY CONCLUSION APPENDICES APPENDIX 1: Definition of Waste Categories APPENDIX 2: Final Destination of the Turtle Island Recycling APPENDIX 3: Recycling Services at Toronto Zoo APPENDIX 4: Pre-Audit Questionaire APPENDIX 5: Recycling Guidelines APPENDIX 6: WASTE AUDIT SUMMARY SHEET APPENDIX 7: WASTE REDUCTION WORKPLAN SUMMARY SHEET Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -2-

6 TABLES Table 1.0: Overall Facility Waste Category Breakdown in Kilograms... 5 Table 2.0: Recycled Material vs. Landfill Table 3.0: Distribution of Recycled Materials Table 4.0: Distribution of Waste Categories Table 5.0: Distribution of Waste by Generation Area Table 6.0: Distribution by Waste Category Restaurants Table 7.0: Distribution by Waste Category Horticulture Table 8.0: Distribution by Waste Category Animal Care Table 9.0: Distribution by Waste Category Miscellaneous Table 10.0: Distribution by Waste Category Custodial Table 11.0: Overall Distribution by Waste Category - Facility CHARTS Chart 1.0: Recycled vs. Landfill Chart 2.0: Recycled Materials by Waste Category Chart 3.0: Other Materials by Subcategory Chart 4.0: Landfill Waste by Waste Category Chart 5.0: Landfill Waste by Waste Subcategory Chart 6.0: Landfill Waste by Generation Area Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -3-

7 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY This report outlines the findings and analysis from the waste audit and photographs taken of the waste stream at Toronto Zoo. The audit was conducted on August 24, Waste generation areas at Toronto Zoo are as follows (in order of amount of waste produce during the sample period, largest to smallest): 1. Restaurants (Yellow Bags) 2. Horticulture (Blue Bags) 3. Animal Care (Orange Bags) 4. Miscellaneous (Black Bags) 5. Custodial (Clear Bags) At the time of the waste audit, there was an established recycling program in place at Toronto Zoo to source separate paper, metal, plastic, glass and organics. Additional materials recycled include wood skids, printer cartridges, batteries, fluorescent bulbs, oil filters, cell phones, furniture, oil grease, paint, and animal bones. Section 1 outlines the composition of materials found in the waste stream and broken down by material category per area based on the waste audit findings. Section 2 breaks down the waste audit information by generation area and provides recommendations. This is followed by the Recommendations and the Appendices, including the Waste Audit Summary and the Waste Reduction Workplan. The waste audit figures were based on the weight of the garbage that was accumulated over a period of two days. The material was bagged and labelled by cleaning staff at the complex according to generation area. Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -4-

8 During the two day period, the 5 generation areas at Toronto Zoo generated Kg (kilograms) of total waste. The facility produced Kg of material which was sent to landfill, while Kg of material was captured for recycling. Table 1.0 outlines the breakdown of materials audited generated at the facility. Table 1.0: Overall Facility Waste Category Breakdown in Kilograms CATEGORIES LANDFILL (Kg) RECYCLED (Kg) TOTAL GENERATED (Kg) PERCENTAGE OF TOTAL Paper Plastic Metal Glass Organics Other Materials TOTAL Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -5-

9 WASTE AUDIT METHODOLOGY Phase I: Pre-Audit Gather information relevant to current waste management practices of facility through tours and/or interviews and/or surveys. Verify sample size (one or two-day sample). Select audit team and gather required resources. Set up audit site at Turtle Island Recycling plant. Phase II: Quantification and Characterization of Solid Waste Stream Waste sample is picked up and taken back to Turtle Island Recycling plant for weighing and sorting. Sample is sorted into material categories and weighed. These categories are: Plastics, Paper, Metal, Organics, Glass and Other Materials. Each category is further subdivided into smaller categories and then weighed. Data sheets are used to record information for each category. Phase III: Data Interpretation All data is transferred to computerized spreadsheets. Annual waste generation weights are extrapolated based on the audit sample and compared with the annual recycling weights (taken from monthly diversion reports prepared by Turtle Island Recycling). Ontario Ministry of the Environment legislation is used as the basis for the content of the audit and the Waste Reduction Workplan. Recommendations are developed and made applicable to the site, along with a plan of action. Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -6-

10 INTRODUCTION In October of 2008, the Ministry of the Environment reviewed the 2002 Waste Diversion Act and its successes and shortcomings in a discussion report entitled Towards a Zero Waste Future. The ultimate objective of the Waste Diversion Act was to achieve the provincial waste reduction/diversion goal of 60 per cent by the year With 2008 now behind us, the Ontario Ministry of the Environment has proposed a new Zero Waste goal, where the province will strive to live waste free in the future. Waste Audits are important part of achieving this ambitious, but necessary goal. The ministry specifically states that the following IC&I establishments must have an annual waste audit performed: 1. Educational Institutions 2. Hospitals 3. Hotels or Motels 4. Manufacturing Establishments 5. Office Buildings 6. Restaurants 7. Retail Shopping Establishments 8. Retail Shopping Complexes This audit will address the following three areas, based on Regulation 102/94: I. The Amount, Nature and Composition of the Waste Generated in all functional areas; II. How the waste was produced, including various management policies, procedures and practices and; III. The manner in which the waste was managed after its generation Current Waste Management practises are detailed in section 2. Definition of waste categories, recycling fact sheet and recycling report can be located in the Appendices. All Ministry forms associated with regulation 102/94 can also be found in Appendices 6 and 7. Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -7-

11 GLOSSARY OF TERMS Diversion Rate - a measure of how much of the waste generated at a facility was diverted from the landfill waste. It is calculated by dividing the total amount of materials recycled (in Kg or MT) by the total amount produced. Mixed Drink Containers a term used by Turtle Island Recycling to refer to plastic beverages bottles or cups, metal beverage cans and glass beverage bottles and jars. These items are usually source separated together. Food containers and other packaging made of plastic, metal and glass may also be included. Other Materials materials made of a combination of materials or made from materials other than paper, plastic, glass or metal. Examples include diapers, Drywall and electronic equipment. Appendix 2 outlines the various material categories in full. Other Paper paper products that do not fall under the 10 standard categories (see Appendix 2). Typically refers to poly-lined beverage cups or waxy paper. Other Plastic plastic materials that are not made primarily from plastics #1 to #6 (see Appendix 2) and are often indicated with the #7. Waste Audit a categorical breakdown of the waste produced by a facility over a designated span of time (typically one or two days). It includes weights and estimates of the various categories of waste produced. Waste audits should be conducted annually to track changes in the waste composition. Waste Reduction Workplan an Ontario Ministry of the Environment form included as part of Regulation 102/94. Should be updated annually and made available to tenants of the facility to which it applies. ABBREVIATIONS AND ACRONYMS 3Rs Reduce, Reuse, Recycle HDPE High Density Polyethylene Kg - Kilograms LDPE Low Density Polyethylene MT Metric Tonnes OCC Old Corrugated Cardboard PETE Polyethylene Terephthalate PS Polystyrene Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -8-

12 SECTION 1 The Amount, Nature and Composition of the Waste Stream Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -9-

13 Table 2.0 shows that approximately Kg (kilograms) of solid waste was generated at Toronto Zoo (361A Old Finch Ave.) over a two-day span. Of the total materials generated, Kg (51.2%) were separated to be recycled while Kg (48.8%) were sent to landfill; this is illustrated in Chart 1.0. Table 2.0: Recycled Material vs. Landfill MATERIAL DESTINATION WEIGHT GENERATED (KG) PERCENTAGE LANDFILL DISPOSED RECYCLED TOTAL Chart 1.0: Recycled vs. Landfill Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -10-

14 RECYCLED MATERIALS There were six categories of materials recycled during the two-day time period of the audit. Other materials accounted for 32.2% or Kg of the total recycled materials during the two-day sample period, while paper was the second most recycled material. Paper accounted for 25.5% of the total recycled material, weighing Kg. Plastic was the third most recycled material, representing 22.7% of the total materials recycled. Metal contributed 8.7% of the overall two day sample, weighing Kg. Organics (124.7 Kg or 7.4%) and glass (59.0 Kg or 3.5%) were also recycled at Toronto Zoo. Table 3.0: Distribution of Recycled Materials RECYCLED (KG) PERCENTAGE PAPER PLASTIC METAL GLASS ORGANICS OTHER MATERIALS TOTAL Chart 2.0: Recycled Materials by Waste Category Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -11-

15 Other materials recycled included skids (53.7%), other (27.1 %), animal bones (17.0%), fluorescent bulbs (1.2%), and printer cartridges (1.0%). Chart 3.0: Other Materials by Subcategory Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -12-

16 LANDFILL WASTE The Toronto Zoo produced Kg of landfill waste materials during the two-day sample period. Five waste categories were identified in the waste stream as follows: paper, plastic, metal, organics and Other Materials. The highest producing waste category was paper accounting for Kg or 42.8% of all the material audited in all generation areas. Table 4.0: Distribution of Waste Categories LANDFILL DISPOSED (KG) PERCENTAGE PAPER PLASTIC METAL ORGANICS OTHER MATERIALS TOTAL Chart 4.0: Landfill Waste by Waste Category Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -13-

17 Organics was the most predominant subcategory found in the waste stream contributing 22.3% of the material audited. Tissue & towelling was the second largest of all subcategories representing 10.7% of the material. Polyethylene terephthalate (PETE) was the third largest subcategory of all those identified in the waste stream (9.4%). All subcategories and their overall facility contribution can be seen in Chart 4.0. Chart 5.0: Landfill Waste by Waste Subcategory Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -14-

18 SECTION 2 Generation Areas Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -15-

19 The generation areas for the waste audit of Toronto Zoo (361A Old Finch Avenue) were determined in the pre-audit phase. Each generation area was assigned a colour of bag to be used to collect the materials. Five generation areas were isolated during the waste audit based on the colour of the bags. One generation area that was determined in the pre-audit stage was not found in the audit sample (Gift Shop). The generation areas for Toronto Zoo are as follows (in order of amount of waste produced during the sample period, largest to smallest): Table 5.0: Distribution of Waste by Generation Area GENERATION AREA LANDFILL WEIGHT (KG) PERCENTAGE (%) Restaurants Horticulture Animal Care Miscellaneous Custodial TOTAL Chart 6.0: Landfill Waste by Generation Area Of the five distinct generation areas, Restaurants produced the most amount of waste during the two-day sample period. Restaurants produced 53.7% of all the waste at Toronto Zoo. Horticulture produced the second largest amount of waste of any generation area in the facility (34.6%). The smallest waste producer was Custodial, producing only 0.5% of the total landfill waste at Toronto Zoo. Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -16-

20 GENERATION AREA: RESTAURANTS Restaurants produced large quanitites of paper (45.6%), mainly consisting of paper packaging. Other paper was made up primarily of waxy drink containers (fountain pop cups) and coffee cups. Tissue & towelling was the second largest subcategory of paper, representing napkins and paper towels. Tissue & towelling material should be included in the organics bin for composting. Boxboard food trays, such as pizza and other fast food trays, were also present in large quanitites. Metal was the smallest subcategory of waste, representing only 3.2%, showing that aluminum cans were quite successfully source separated. Table 6.0: Distribution by Waste Category Restaurants Toronto Zoo Restaurants kgs percentage Weight Subcategory Category Paper Tissue & Towelling Boxboard Magazine Other Paper Fine Paper Newsprint Kraft Gable Top Total Plastic LDPE (PE Wrap) PETE PS Other Plastics PP Total Organics Metal Aluminum Total Total Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -17-

21 GENERATION AREA: HORTICULTURE Paper was also the largest category in Horticulture. Fine paper was the largest subcategory, followed by tissue & towelling. Cardboard was also present in the waste stream. Organics was the second largest subcategory, consisting of food waste. Other materials included large quantities of rope. Table 7.0: Distribution by Waste Category Horticulture Toronto Zoo kgs Horticulture percentage Weight Subcategory Category Paper Cardboard Tissue & Towelling Boxboard Magazine Other Paper Fine Paper Newsprint Gable Top Aseptic Total Plastic LDPE (PE Wrap) PETE PS Other Plastics Total Organics Metal Aluminum Total Other Materials Total Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -18-

22 GENERATION AREA: ANIMAL CARE Organics was the largest category and subcategory of waste in the Animal Care generation area (37.5%). Plastic represented 32.3% of the generation area; the largest subcategory of plastic was Polystyrene (37.0% of plastic). Other materials included a mesh filter, burlap and other textiles (cotton). Table 8.0: Distribution by Waste Category Animal Care Toronto Zoo Animal Care kgs percentage Weight Subcategory Category Paper Tissue & Towelling Boxboard Other Paper Fine Paper Gable Top Total Plastic LDPE (PE Wrap) PETE PS Other Plastics Total Organics Other Materials Total Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -19-

23 GENERATION AREAS: MISCELLANEOUS & CUSTODIAL Miscellaneous category was created during the sorting phase of the waste audit to account for black bags found in the audit sample, but had not been given a generation area during the pre-audit phase. Custodial consisted almost entirely of paper towels from restrooms. Table 9.0: Distribution by Waste Category Miscellaneous Toronto Zoo kgs Miscellaneous percentage Weight Subcategory Category Paper Cardboard Newsprint Total Plastic LDPE (PE Wrap) PS Total Other Materials Total Total Table 10.0: Distribution by Waste Category Custodial Toronto Zoo kgs Custodial percentage Weight Subcategory Category Paper Tissue & Towelling Boxboard Total Plastic LDPE (PE Wrap) PETE Total Other Materials Total Total Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -20-

24 Analysis and Projections Table 11.0: Overall Distribution by Waste Category - Facility 361A Old Finch Ave. Landfill Recycled Facility Landfill Recycling Facility 2 day sample Kilograms Percentage Paper Cardboard Tissue & Towelling Boxboard Magazine Other Paper Fine Paper Newsprint Kraft Gable Top Aseptic Total Plastic LDPE (PE Wrap) PETE PS Other Plastics PP Total Organics Metal Aluminum Total Glass Other Materials Total Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -21-

25 As noted previously, 5 waste categories were identified at Toronto Zoo. When all categories were combined the total volume of materials sent to landfill was Kg for the two-day sample period. The six categories of recycled materials totalled Kg for the same period. The Waste Diversion Rate (WDR) is a measure of how much of the waste generated at the facility was diverted from the landfill waste. From the waste audit findings the WDR was calculated as follows: WDR = Recycled Weight / Total Weight x 100% = Kg / Kg x 100% = 51.2% Based on the findings, Toronto Zoo was determined to have a Waste Diversion Rate of 51.2%. Many of the materials found in the landfill waste were potentially recyclable materials that could have been captured. Recycling not only helps in diverting waste from the landfill, but natural resources and air pollutants can be recovered as well. By using recycled materials to make new products, it can save extra resources such as trees, water, energy, and oil. Table 12.0: Combined Resources Saved Combined Resources Saved Through Recycling Efforts for One Year Trees 1,566 Oil 451,428 litres Energy 1,099,705 kwh Water 2,074,793 litres Air Pollutant 2,150 kg Landfill Space 2,022 cubic metres *The United States of America Environmental Protection Agency and the Blue Barrel Company Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -22-

26 RECOMMENDATIONS Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -23-

27 1. IMPROVE PAPER AND PLASTIC RECYCLING 42.8% of the total landfill waste audited was paper materials and it was the largest waste category of the five identified. In the two-day waste sample, Plastic was found to be the second largest type of material. Plastic contributed 25.9% of the overall materials identified. o Tissue and Towelling was present in large quantities. See next page for information about using hand dryers in washrooms instead of paper towel. Also see Recommendation 2 Improve Organics Recycling Program. Soiled paper towels and napkins can be recycled along with food scraps areas around the Zoo where food is being consumed. o Fine paper should be easily captured through the use of properly labelled receptacles at high generation areas. Cardboard recycling at shipping and receiving areas can be improved through clear and proper signage and training to those handling the material. o PETE (Polyethylene Terephthalate) drink containers represented a large portion of the plastic waste category. Water bottles and pop bottles could be easily placed in multi-material recycling. It is recommended that the use of Styrofoam food containers and cups be avoided or substituted for reusable or recyclable materials. Styrofroam food and drink containers represented 8.6% of the total waste stream. Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -24-

28 Paper and Plastic Alternatives o Hand dryers are a more economical and environmentally friendly alternative to using paper towel for drying hands. The Xlerator hand dryer (seen below) made by Excel Dryer is one of the products that has set the industry standard for hand dryers. Excel Dryer is also the only hand dryer manufacturer to receive GreenSpec approval and to qualify for LEED credits with the Xlerator product. It is estimated that there is 95% in cost savings from using hand dryers instead of paper towels, which comes from the elimination of maintenance and operating costs associated with paper towels. Specific to the Xlerator, it only requires seconds to dry your hands completely, while using 80% less energy than other hand dryers on the market. o Products on the market that are 100% biodegradable or compostable come in several materials such as sugarcane, bamboo, corn, and potatoes. They also come in various forms that mimic their plastic counterparts, including coffee cups, lids, clam shell containers, clear cups, cutlery, plates, salad bowls, and bags etc. In terms of cost, it is at a disadvantage relative to paper, LPDE, PP, PS, and PETE. However, benefits may be gained from the increase in composting, avoidance of disposal taxes, low disposal costs, etc. Below are a few examples of companies that market these products. Green Preference (Canada) Inc. Earthware Biodegradables Plastics Solutions Canada Inc. Ecosafe World Centric worldcentric.org/biocompostables Biobag Canada Inc. W. Ralston BioSak Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -25-

29 361A Old Finch Ave. TORONTO ZOO 2009 Waste Audit 2. IMPROVE ORGANIC RECYCLING PROGRAM Toronto Zoo produced organic waste in the form of food scraps from visitors meals at the restaurants and picnic areas. The organic material that is diverted from landfill and sent to a registered compost facility also helps Toronto Zoo reduce the weight of materials sent to landfill, as organic waste is the heaviest waste material Site Assessment Photos:.The signs of the side of the 13 gallon green bins are below eye level, potentially making it difficult for visitors to determine what can/should go into the green bins. A label on the lid of the bin, plus promotional signage posted in applicable public areas (restaurants) should be used to further expand the program from back of house to public areas. Proper guidelines should be provided to all personnel handling organic waste to educate them on proper organic recycling practices, such as reducing plastic contamination in organic totes. Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -26-

30 3. MONITORING AND EVALUATION One of the keys to a successful recycling program is gathering quantifiable results to follow the progress of the program over the course of time, especially if new aspects have been added the program, such as new bins or new guidelines. Monitoring how visitors and staff respond to changes is vital. When facilities do not change their recycling program for a period of some years, the program can also grow stagnant and participation levels can dwindle, particularly if there have been no promotional activities at the facility to encourage recycling. It is also important to measure, monitor and evaluate the data to see if the recycling numbers have decreased over time. o Green Team having a dedicated group in place to monitor waste diversion/ waste management can help to energise staff and visitors, while ensuring that waste diversion is being monitored in all departments. Having members from all key departments who share the responsibility of reviewing waste diversion alternatives, overseeing program development, and continuously monitoring the efficiency and effectiveness of the programs in place helps to ensure input is received from all areas of the facility. As well the team may develop new goals and strategies for the facility and provide an outlet for environmental awareness. o Maintain up-to-date records of waste diversion initiatives (e.g. diversion charts, educational or promotional efforts etc.) Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -27-

31 4. SIGNAGE & EDUCATION In order to engage participation throughout Toronto Zoo, make sure new and accurate signage and guidelines are posted at the facility. Guidelines are vital to waste diversion, as they insure that the right materials are being collected for removal and recycling. Mixed Drink Guidelines Commingled Guidelines Waste sorting stations should be updated to include visual aids and accurate lists of recyclables. The following photo is an example of a sorting station that is effect for use in areas frequented by the public. Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -28-

32 Also of importance is educational information displayed on an Environmental Board which should be frequently updated, to encourage participation of staff. Such boards can be displayed in staff areas, break rooms and training rooms, encouraging and getting employees involved in a recycling culture. Environmental Board Awareness Poster While education and training on waste reduction should be on-going, there are several instances when formal education and training programs are particularly important in: a. New Employee Orientation i.e. employee handbook b. Refresher Training- Cleaning Staff c. New Program Implementation d. Directing Education & Training to the appropriate Audience Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -29-

33 5. UPDATE PROCUREMENT POLICY Make a commitment to use green purchasing guidelines, and encourage employees, tenants and other businesses to do the same (when price, quality, and performance are comparable). o Find out whether a recycled version of the desired product is available; o Reduce waste - ask vendors about how packaging can be cut down; o Be aware - consider both the economic and environmental costs of the product (e.g. manufacturing, packaging, transportation, disposal). o Ask: Is it good for business? Is it good for the environment? Ask your vendors: o Is the product recyclable? What market is available for the recyclable product? o Can the vendor re-use pallets, cardboard boxes, and other shipping materials? o What waste by-products result from the use of this product? How can the waste be prevented? o What is the energy efficiency of the product? Is there a more energy efficient product available? o Consider purchasing supplies/ services from those certified with EcoLogo status. The EcoLogo program was established in 1988 to encourage the demand for and supply of product and services that are more environmentally responsible and to help consumers make informed choices in favour of the environment. Thousands or products have received EcoLogo certification since the program s inception. e. Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -30-

34 CONCLUSION Turtle Island Recycling is unyielding in its goal to work with Toronto Zoo and help them to divert as much waste as possible from the landfill stream and ensuring that capturing waste for recycling is straightforward and user friendly. Education is also a top priority for Turtle Island Recycling, since it aids substantially in the efficiency of any waste management program. Paper and plastic contributed 68.7% of the total landfill waste stream audited. Work should be done to further separate these recyclable materials and increase the diversion rates of these materials. From the findings, many of these materials could have been easily source separated and thus employees need to be educated and encouraged to comply with the recycling program. It is essential to capture these materials for recycling and to help divert more waste from the landfill. In order to improve the effectiveness of the recycling program at Toronto Zoo, there are several initiatives that can be adopted. The success of these initiatives depends on the involvement of a variety of parties from management, to staff and tenants, as well as any others who have a stake in the success of the program. Education throughout the facility can be promoted through newsletters and promotional events. Turtle Island Recycling provides training sessions from a member of the Environmental Department for its clients as free additional service. Town hall style training sessions have proven to be effective in answering questions and concerns from tenants and staff. A tenant memo and information package should be distributed to each department containing up-to-date guidelines for the recycling program to be used to train new and existing staff. Other useful methods include implementing a system of positive reinforcement through rewards and prizes, and also ensuring information is readily available and displayed. The more involved all parties are in waste reduction, the larger the success. Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -31-

35 APPENDICES Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -32-

36 APPENDIX 1 Definition of Waste Categories Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -33-

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39 APPENDIX 2 Final Destination of the Turtle Island Recycling Turtle Island Recycling maintains strict quality control practices throughout the recycling process, from baling through to the eventual destination of the materials. All mills and industrial facilities that Turtle Island Recycling ships to are certified and all paper mills follow the OBM (Official Board Markets), which creates industry wide standards for the grading of materials. Turtle Island Recycling practices diligence in its quality control and grading systems. Loads are graded as soon as they arrive, and re-graded after our unique and state-of-the-art sorting process. As soon as a bale is created, a trained expert evaluates its quality and any bales that do not pass the evaluation process are purged of non-conforming materials before being sent on to end markets. Turtle Island Recycling keeps an extensive database of the destination of materials once they leave our dock. Turtle Island Recycling also employs a logistics coordinator whose sole job is tracking items that leave the dock, bound for end markets. Paper Fibres Once paper material is collected it is brought back to our plant; it is separated, sorted, graded, and baled into 2150 lbs bales. Turtle Island Recycling separates and sorts its paper into up to 12 different grades. When paper is sorted back into its original grade the same fibre can be recycled up to ten times, conversely when paper is baled, all grades together, without extensive sorting the fibre can only be recycled once into a low grade fibre. All newspaper, white ledger paper, mixed paper, colored paper, magazines, computer printouts, cardstock etc will be sorted, baled, and sent to Canadian paper mills and occasionally international paper mills where is will be re-pulped into new fibre. Cardboard that is picked up by Turtle Island Recycling is delivered to our material processing facility, where it is sorted from any non-corrugated cardboard materials, and then baled. The finished bales are marketed to cardboard manufacturing paper mills, both domestic and foreign. The mills re-pulp the corrugated and make linerboard rolls, which are used to produce boxes once again. Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -36-

40 Beverage Containers All commodities (cans and bottles) are processed via an industrial baler and sent to local Canadian markets for recycling. Beverage containers are sorted into categories: PET bottles, HDPE bottles, metal cans, aluminum, tetra pak juice boxes, glass. These materials, once sorted, are shipped out to their respective end markets. PET and HDPE are melted down into reprocessed pellets, metal cans are sent to metal processors, who receive the scrap, run it through a smelter, and melt it into various forms (bars, sheets etc). The aluminum scrap is sent to aluminum processors, who receive the scrap, run it through a smelter, and melt it into various forms (bars, sheets etc). The glass is sent to glass processors, who crush the glass into fine powder, and use powder either as aggregate, or in making glass products. Organic Waste Turtle Island Recycling Corp. provides 32 gallon totes with liners to capture all of the organic waste. Keeping this waste from regular garbage helps control unwanted pests, odours, and greatly saves on disposal costs. This waste is composted into a nutrient-rich soil. How the facility works: 1. Organics are picked up by collection vehicles and brought to the Composting Facility. 2. The organic materials are deposited into windrows and are turned on a monthly-basis to aerate the materials. 3. Aerobic Digestion converts the organic waste into re-useable compost. The finished compost can be used in landscaping, agriculture, soil erosion control and soil remediation projects. Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -37-

41 Metal Recovery Metals that are collected by Turtle Island Recycling are categorized as ferrous and non-ferrous. Metals that require sorting are delivered to our material processing facility, where the material is sorted, and graded, before it is shipped out to various metal processors. These processors receive the scrap, run it through a smelter, and melt it into various forms (bars, sheets etc). The finished product is sent out to fabricators, who cut, size and prepare material for end markets. Other Materials Both concrete and brick material is collected separately by Turtle Island and then it is shipped directly to either concrete/brick processing plants. The material is ground into a fine powder, to ultimately render it usable in making cement/ brick products once again. Certain types of carpet are recyclable, shredded, melted down, and are used as a filler ingredient in plastic pellets. There are certain types which are not recyclable, and are thus considered a landfill material. At present, carpets that are recyclable are polypropylene fibre with polypropylene backing. Turtle Island is continuously working towards finding new markets for other types of carpets. Gypsum board is sorted and graded. The material is shipped out to processors, who grind the material and use it as an ingredient in re-manufacture of gypsum board. Wood scrap consists of any non-treated wood. The wood is taken to our recycling facility, where it is transferred into walking floor trailer and delivered to wood processor. Wood processor grinds the wood down, and the ground wood is used as land covering or fuel for greenhouses. Glass is sorted, graded according to colour (clear and coloured). The glass is sent to glass processors, who crush the glass into fine powder, and use powder either as aggregate, or in making glass products. Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -38-

42 APPENDIX 3 Recycling Services at Toronto Zoo 1. Organics Turtle Island Recycling provides twelve 32 Gallon Totes to collect organic material for recycling at compost facility. 2. Mixed Drink Containers One 8 yard bin is located on site and serviced by National Waste (NW). The following recyclable materials are collected in this bin: -Aluminum -Glass -PETE (#1) -HDPE (#2) -LDPE (#4) -Polystyrene (#6) 3. Paper Recycling There is a 40 yard recycling bin located on site and serviced by National Waste (NW). The following recyclable materials are collected in this bin: -Cardboard -Fine paper -Newsprint -Boxboard -Magazines, glossy paper -Paper towels Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -39-

43 APPENDIX 4 Pre-Audit Questionaire Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -40-

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49 APPENDIX 5 Recycling Guidelines Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -46-

50 APPENDIX 6 WASTE AUDIT SUMMARY SHEET Ministry of the Environment Waste Form Report of a Waste Audit Industrial, Commercial and Institutional Establishments As required by O. Reg. 102/94 This report must be prepared 6 months after becoming subject to O. Reg. 102/94 and retained on file for at least five years after it is prepared, and be made available to the ministry upon request. I. GENERAL INFORMATION Name of Owner and/or Operator of Entity(ies) and Company Name: Toronto Zoo Name of Contact Person: Anna-Marie Burrows Telephone #: address: aburrows@torontozoo.ca Street Address(es) of Entity(ies): 361A Old Finch Ave, Toronto, ON M1B 2K7 Municipality: Toronto Type of Entity (check one) Retail Shopping Establishments Hotels and Motels Retail Shopping Complexes Hospitals Office Buildings Educational Institutions X Restaurants Large Manufacturing Establishments Note: O. Reg. 102/94 does not apply to multi-unit residential buildings. II. DESCRIPTION OF ENTITY Provide a brief overview of the entity(ties): Toronto Zoo, located at 361A Old Finch Ave, is a 710 acre (30, 927, 600 sq ft) facility which is open to staff, the public and sub-contractors for 364 days a year. Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -47-

51 III. HOW WASTE IS PRODUCED AND DECISIONS AFFECTING THE PRODUCTION OF WASTE For each category of waste that are produced at the entity(ies), explain how the waste will be produced and how management decisions and policies will affect the production of waste. Categories of Waste How Is the Waste Produced and What Management Decisions/Policies Affect Its Production? Generated by customers eating inside restaurant. Food packaging Example: Disposable Food Packaging is used for health reasons. Reuseable mugs for customers consuming coffee/tea inside restaurant is being reviewed. Aluminum food and beverage cans Generated by visitors and staff of facility. Cardboard Generated by staff of facility. Fine paper Generated by staff of facility. Glass food and beverage bottles/jars Generated by visitors and staff of facility. Newsprint Generated by visitorsof facility. Steel food and beverage cans Generated by visitors and staff of facility. PET (#1) plastic food and beverage bottles Generated by visitors and staff of facility. HDPE (#2) plastic jugs, crates, totes and Generated by maintenance staff of facility. drums LDPE (#4) plastic film Disposed of by visitors and staff of facility. Used for packaging of materials brought into facility. Polystyrene (#6) Generated by visitors and staff of facility as a packing material. Organics Generated by visitors and staff of facility. Boxboard food packaging etc. Generated by visitors of facility. Boxboard packaging used for goods brought into facility. Glossy magazines, catalogues, flyers Generated by visitors. Steel Generated by staff. Drywall N/A Skids Generated by shipping and receiving. Paper towels Generated in washrooms throughout facility. Used for cleaning purposes and hand drying. Printer cartridges Generated by staff. IT equipment/audio-visual equipment Generated by staff. Furniture Generated by staff. Building/renovation material Generated by staff and contractors. Disposable take out food packaging Used for packaging of take out food items. Brought in to facility by visitors and staff Cell phones N/A Diapers Generated by visitors Clothing/textiles Generated by maintenance staff of the facility. Other: N/A. Note: When completing this form, write n/a in the columns where the entity will not produce any waste for a category of waste. Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -48-

52 IV. MANAGEMENT OF WASTE For each category of waste listed below, indicate which waste items will be disposed or reused/recycled and how each item will be managed at the entity(ies). Category Waste to be Disposed Reused or Recycled Waste Example: Beverage cans Aluminum food/beverage cans, trays and foil. Cardboard Fine paper Glass food and beverage bottles/jars Newsprint Steel food and beverage cans PET (#1) plastic food and beverage bottles HDPE (#2) plastic jugs, crates, totes and drums LDPE (#4) plastic film Polystyrene (#6) Organics Boxboard food packaging, Glossy magazines Steel/drywall/skids Paper towels Printer cartridges IT/AV equipment Furniture Building/reno material Disposable take out food packaging Staff/clients may place in garbage cans (labeling will be in place to discourage this) Soiled cans placed in garbage. Soiled bottles and trays placed in garbage. Visitors/staff to place Styrofoam in garbage Food packaging with remnants of food scraps disposed of in garbage. Cell phones Diapers Place in garbage. Not to be Staff/clients place cans in recycling receptacles. Collection staff later collect cans. Those in garbage are disposed; those in receptacles are recycled. Visitors and staff to place in mixed drink receptacles when clean. Custodial staff to place broken down cardboard into collection bins. Staff to place in paper recycling receptacles or shredding consoles Glass should be placed in the bins or totes provided. Place in paper recycling or reuse. Can be placed in the mixed drink bins/totes. Can be placed in the mixed drink bins/totes. Can be placed in the mixed drink bins/totes. Shipping and receiving/staff to place in recycling bins. Clear PS can be placed in the mixed drink bins/totes. Place in green bins, which are in turn emptied in the 32 gallon organics totes (TIR). Visitors should place these items in the paper recycling receptacles. Place in paper recycling or reuse. Skids are returned; steel collected for separate recycling service. Clean towels can be placed in the paper recycling. Soiled paper towel to be placed in green bins. Return program. E-waste program. Separate collection. Separate collection. Clean food packaging made from recyclable material should be placed with the mixed drink containers. N/A Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -49-

53 placed in organics. Clothing/textiles Place in lost in found. Note: When completing this form, write n/a in the columns where the entity will not produce any waste for a category of waste. Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -50-

54 V. ESTIMATED QUANTITY OF WASTE PRODUCED ANNUALLY Categories of Waste "A" Base Year Estimated Amount of Waste Produced (Kilograms) Generated Recycled Disposed "B" * Current Year "C"* Change (B-A) "A" Base Year "B" * Current Year "C"* Change (B-A) "A" Base Year "B" * Current Year Cardboard Tissue & Towelling Boxboard Magazine Other Paper Fine Paper Newsprint Kraft Moulded Pulp Gable Top Aseptic LDPE (PE Wrap) HDPE PETE PS Other Plastics PP Organics Aluminum Other Metals Steel Other Materials Clear & Coloured Glass Total Percent Change (C A x 100) Note: When completing this form, write "n/a" in the "Estimated Amount of Waste Produced" column where the entity will not produce any waste for a category of waste. *Fill out these columns each year following the initial wast audit or baseline year to determine the progress that is being made by your waste reduction program. "C"* Change (B-A) Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -51-

55 VI. EXTENT TO WHICH MATERIALS OR PRODUCTS USED OR SOLD BY THE ENTITY CONSIST OF RECYCLED OR REUSED MATERIALS OR PRODUCTS Please answer the following questions: 1. Do you have a management policy in place that promotes the purchasing and/or use of materials or products that consist of recycled and/or reused materials or products? If yes, please describe. 2. Do you have plans to increase the extent to which materials or products used or sold* consist of recycled or reused materials or products? If yes, please describe. * Information regarding materials or products sold that consist of recycled or reused materials or products is only required from owner(s) of retail shopping establishments and the owner(s) or operator(s) of large manufacturing establishments. Please attach any additional page(s) as required to answer the above questions. I hereby certify that the information provided in this Report of Waste Audit is complete and correct. Signature of authorized official: Title: Toronto Zoo Date: Signature of authorized official: Title: Turtle Island Recycling Environmental Initiatives Coordinator Date: August 24/ 2009 /5 Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -52-

56 APPENDIX 7 WASTE REDUCTION WORKPLAN SUMMARY SHEET Ministry of the Environment Waste Form Report of a Waste Reduction Work Plan Industrial, Commercial and Institutional Establishments As required by O. Reg. 102/94 This report must be prepared 6 months after becoming subject to O. Reg. 102/94 and retained on file for at least five years after it is prepared, and be made available to the ministry upon request. I. GENERAL INFORMATION Name of Owner and/or Operator of Entity(ies) and Company Name: Toronto Zoo Name of Contact Person: Anna-Marie Burrows Telephone #: address: aburrows@torontozoo.ca Street Address(es) of Entity(ies): 361A Old Finch Ave, Toronto, ON M1B 2K7 Municipality: Toronto Type of Entity (check one) Retail Shopping Establishments Hotels and Motels Retail Shopping Complexes Hospitals Office Buildings Educational Institutions X Restaurants Large Manufacturing Establishments Note: O. Reg. 102/94 does not apply to multi-unit residential buildings. II. DESCRIPTION OF ENTITY Provide a brief overview of the entity(ties): Toronto Zoo, located at 361A Old Finch Ave, is a 710 acre (30, 927, 600 sq ft) facility which is open to staff, the public and sub-contractors for 364 days a year.

57 III. PLANS TO REDUCE, REUSE AND RECYCLE WASTE For each category of waste described in Part V of Report of a Waste Audit (on which this plan is based), explain what your plans are to Reduce, Reuse and Recycle the waste, including: 1) how the waste will be source separated at the establishment, and 2) the programs to reduce, reuse and recycle all source separated waste. Waste Category (as stated in Part V Source Separation and 3Rs Program of your Report of a Waste Audit ) Example: fine paper (e.g. from an office) Aluminum food and beverage cans Cardboard Fine Paper Glass beverage bottles/jars Newsprint PETE HDPE LDPE Fine Paper 3Rs Program Reduce: Staff will be encouraged to print on both sides of each sheet. Reuse: Discarded paper with print only on one side will be used for note pads/scrap. Recycle: Staff will be provided with instructions via . Receptacles will be provided beside each desk. Staff will empty receptacles into centralized containers. Custodial staff will empty centralized containers into bulk container at loading dock for collection by recycling company. Reduce: Use fountain pop dispensers or bulk. Recycle: Monitor the mixed drink recycling program to ensure the adequate bins and signage are available. Reduce: Request that suppliers ship their goods in reusable containers. Sorted cardboard and stretch film, and break down boxes before disposal. Purchase supplies in bulk to avoid excess packaging Reuse: Cardboard boxes can be reused for outgoing shipping Recycle: Monitor the use/availability of totes to make sure that the number remains optimal. Train shipping/receiving and cleaners to not place cardboard into waste bins. Reduce: Make hard copies optional, electronic preferred; Print on both sides of paper using small fonts. Make receipts at Point of Sales optional. Reuse: Use one sided printouts as scrap paper Recycle: Monitor the use/availability of totes to make sure that the number remains optimal. Reduce: Purchase drinks in bulk sizes Reuse: Rinse and reuse glass jars and bottles for storage. Alcoholic bottles should be returned to supplier for reuse. Recycle: Monitor the mixed drink recycling program to ensure the adequate bins and signage are available. Reduce: Encourage use of online news websites. Reuse: Encourage staff to share newspapers with their colleagues Recycle: Monitor the use/availability of totes to make sure that the number remains optimal. Reduce: Develop a reward system for staff who bring in their own mug/cup; Purchase drinks in bulk (i.e. water cooler, instead of bottled water). Reuse: Also encourage visitors to make use of water fountains located around the facility, reusing their PETE bottles and filling it when needed. Recycle: Ensure that adequate mixed drink recycling receptacles are available to divert PETE bottles from the waste stream. Reduce: Encourage suppliers to provide goods in reusable containers. Have maintenance staff buy cleaning supplies in bulk. Reuse: Use bottles and containers for storage. Recycle: Monitor the mixed drink recycling program to ensure the adequate bins and signage are available. Reduce: Update purchasing policy and encourage purchasing in bulk to Prepared by Turtle Island Recycling -54-