NZS 3121:2015. New Zealand Standard. Water and aggregate for concrete. Superseding NZS 3121:1986 NZS 3121:2015

Transcription

1 NZS 3121:2015 New Zealand Standard Water and aggregate for concrete Superseding NZS 3121:1986 NZS 3121:2015

2 Committee Representation This standard was prepared under the supervision of the P 3121 Committee the Standards Council established under the Standards Act The committee consisted of representatives of the following nominating organisations: Aggregates and Quarry Association of New Zealand David Morgan Cement and Concrete Association of New Zealand Derek Chisholm Civil Engineering Testing Association of New Zealand Jayden Ellis New Zealand Concrete Society James MacKechnie Sue Freitag New Zealand Ready Mixed Concrete Association Brett Beatson Acknowledgement Standards New Zealand gratefully acknowledges the contribution of time and expertise from all those involved in developing this standard. Copyright The copyright of this document is the property of the Standards Council. No part of this document may be reproduced by photocopying or by any other means without the prior written permission of the Chief Executive of Standards New Zealand, unless the circumstances are covered by Part 3 of the Copyright Act Standards New Zealand will vigorously defend the copyright in this standard. Every person who breaches Standards New Zealand s copyright may be liable, under section 131(5)(a) of the Copyright Act 1994, to a fine not exceeding $10,000 for every infringing copy to which the offence relates, but not exceeding $150,000 for the same transaction, or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 5 years. Those in breach under section 131(5)(b) of the Copyright Act 1994 may be liable to a fine not exceeding $150,000 or to imprisonment for a term not exceeding 5 years. If there has been a flagrant breach of copyright, Standards New Zealand may also seek additional damages from the infringing party, in addition to obtaining injunctive relief and an account of profits. Published by Standards New Zealand, the trading arm of the Standards Council, Private Bag 2439, Wellington Telephone: (04) ; Fax: (04) ; Website: AMENDMENTS No. Date of issue Description Entered by, and date

3 New Zealand Standard Water and aggregate for concrete Superseding NZS 3121:1986 ISBN (Print) ISBN (PDF)

4 NOTES

5 Contents Committee representation... IFC Acknowledgement... IFC Copyright... IFC Referenced documents...v Latest revisions... vii Review of standards... vii Foreword...viii Outcome statement...viii Section 1 General Scope Interpretation Definitions Water General requirements Water from public supply Water from other sources Impurities and their effects Control tests on recycled wash water Aggregate General requirements Aggregate testing Alkali aggregate reaction Chloride content Harmful materials Recycled materials used as aggregate in concrete Coarse aggregate Properties of coarse aggregate Production properties of coarse aggregate Additional production property control testing of coarse aggregate Source properties of coarse aggregate Additional source property control testing of coarse aggregate Coarse aggregate sampling and testing Sand Types of sand (fines) used in concrete manufacture Manufactured sands Blending of sands Production properties of sand Additional production property control testing of sands Quality of fines Sand sampling and testing Plant records...24 iii

6 Table 1 Suggested limits for composition of concrete mixing water Recycled wash water SG test requirements Composition requirements for recycled material used as coarse aggregate in concrete Grading requirements for coarse aggregates Intermediate test sieve sizes Monthly coarse aggregate sampling and grading test rate Sand flow test Monthly sand sampling and grading test rate...24 Figure 1 Flow time versus per cent voids plot illustrating the characteristics of sand...21 iv

7 Referenced documents Reference is made in this document to the following: New Zealand standards NZS 3101:---- Part 1:2006 Part 2:2006 NZS 3104:2003 NZS 3109:1997 NZS 3111:1986 NZS 3122:2009 NZS 4402:---- Part 1:1986 NZS 4407:2015 NZS ISO/IEC 17025:2005 Concrete structures standard The design of concrete structures Commentary on the design of concrete structures Specification for concrete production Concrete construction Methods for test water and aggregate for concrete Specification for Portland and blended cements (General and special purpose) Methods of testing soils for civil engineering purposes Preliminary and general Methods of sampling and testing road aggregates General requirements for the competence of testing and calibration laboratories Joint Australian/New Zealand standards AS/NZS 1580:---- Method 505.1:1996 AS/NZS ISO 9001:2008 Paints and related materials Methods of test ph of water-based paints Quality management systems Requirements American standards ASTM C88-13 ASTM C ASTM C (2012) ASTM C ASTM C ASTM D ASTM D ASTM D ASTM D ASTM E11-15 ASTM E Standard test method for soundness of aggregates by use of sodium sulphate or magnesium sulphate Standard test methods for chemical analysis of hydraulic cement Standard test method for acid-soluble chloride in mortar and concrete Standard specification for mixing water used in the production of hydraulic cement concrete Standard test method for measurement of solids in water Standard test methods for chloride ion in water Standard test method for sulphate ion in water Standard test methods for zinc in water Standard test methods for lead in water Standard specification for woven wire test sieve cloth and test sieves Standard specification for perforated-plate sieves for testing purposes v

8 Australian standards AS 1012:---- Part 20:1992 AS 1141:---- Part 14:2007 Part 15:1999 Part 22:2008 Part 32:2008 Part 33:2015 Part 35:2007 AS 1152:1993 AS 1379:2007 AS 2758:---- Part 1:2014 Methods of testing concrete Determination of chloride and sulphate in hardened concrete and concrete aggregates Methods for sampling and testing aggregates Particle shape, by proportional calliper Flakiness index Wet/dry strength variation Weak particles (including clay lumps, soft and friable particles) in coarse aggregates Clay and fine silt (settling method) Sugar Specification for test sieves Specification and supply of concrete Aggregates and rock for engineering purposes Concrete aggregates British standards BS 410-1:2000 BS :1990 BS :2015 BS EN 196-2:2013 BS EN :1992 BS EN :2009 BS EN 1008:2002 BS EN :2006 Test sieves. Technical requirements and testing. Test sieves of metal wire cloth Testing aggregates. Methods for determination of particle shape. Elongation index of coarse aggregate Testing concrete. Methods for analysis of hardened concrete Methods of testing cement. Chemical analysis of cement Methods of testing cement. Determination of the chloride, carbon dioxide and alkali content of cement Tests for geometrical properties of aggregates. Classification test for the constituents of coarse recycled aggregate Mixing water for concrete. Specification for sampling, testing and assessing the suitability of water, including water recovered from processes in the concrete industry, as mixing water for concrete Tests for chemical properties of aggregates. Determination of acid soluble chloride salts vi

9 Other publications APHA 5520:1992 CCANZ IB 83:2005 CCANZ TR 3 2nd ed:2012 CCANZ TR 14:2013 CCANZ: September 2004 Standard methods for the examination of water and waste water, 18th edition Chloride content of fresh concrete Alkali silica reaction Best practice guide for the use of recycled aggregates and materials in new concrete Influence of recycled water on fresh properties of concrete CCAA T60: November 2008 Guide to specification and the use of manufactured sands in concrete Latest revisions The users of this standard should ensure that their copies of the above-mentioned standards are the latest revisions. Amendments to referenced New Zealand and Joint Australian/New Zealand standards can be found on Review of standards Suggestions for improvement of this standard will be welcomed. They should be sent to the Chief Executive, Standards New Zealand, Private Bag 2439, Wellington vii

10 Foreword This New Zealand standard is a revision of NZS 3121:1986 and presents criteria for evaluating the suitability of water and aggregate for use in concrete. The performance of the materials in concrete is vital, and if concrete-making service records are available specifiers may use them to satisfy themselves that the water, coarse aggregate, or sand are suitable for use in concrete. Where satisfactory service records are not available, testing is required to establish compliance. Higher environmental requirements on the disposal of concrete waste have resulted in routine use of recycled water as mix water and increasingly, the use of recycled concrete aggregate, requiring the introduction of new controls. Also with the greater reliance on quarried aggregates and the risks associated with the increased use of marginal aggregates, establishing and controlling cleanness of sand, particularly clay content, is important. Different aggregates will require different assessment methodologies and consequently control limits. In addition to mandatory control testing meeting standard limits, the Plant Engineer may choose a minimum number of additional tests with site specific control criteria in conjunction with the Aggregate Supplier. The standard provides for the use in concrete of sands blended from two or more size ranges which, individually, may not meet the requirements of this standard. The standard refers to CCANZ TR 3 and TR 14, which respectively reference the precautions to be taken to minimise the risk of damage to concrete by alkali silica reaction (ASR); and precautions to be taken when using recycled aggregates in concrete. Outcome statement The aim of NZS 3121 is to provide a basis for the supply of water and aggregates intended for use in the manufacture of ready-mixed concrete and site-mixed concrete complying with NZS viii

11 New Zealand Standard Water and aggregate for concrete 1 General 1.1 Scope Essential requirements are given in this standard for the supply of water and aggregates, including recycled concrete aggregates but not including lightweight aggregates, suitable for use in the manufacture of concrete supplied in accordance with NZS NOTE The requirements of this standard are considered adequate to ensure satisfactory materials for most concrete. For some projects, including those using Special Concrete, these requirements may be either more or less restrictive than needed. 1.2 Interpretation For the purposes of this standard, the word shall refers to requirements that are essential for compliance with the standard, while the word should refers to practices that are advised or recommended. Clauses prefixed C and printed in italic type are intended as comments on the corresponding clauses. They are not to be taken as the only or complete interpretation. The standard can be complied with if the comment is ignored. 1.3 Definitions For the purpose of this standard the following definitions shall apply: Aggregate Aggregate Supplier Alkali silica reaction (ASR) An assemblage of naturally occurring, processed, or manufactured inorganic particles used for making concrete Supplier of concrete aggregate (to concrete producer) An expansive reaction between the alkali in the concrete and certain types of reactive aggregate Cement Portland cement complying with NZS 3122 Clay Coarse aggregate Concrete Inorganic material consisting mainly of particles finer than mm Aggregate predominantly retained on a 4.75 mm test sieve A mixture consisting predominantly of cement, water, and aggregate 1

12 Water and aggregate for concrete This is a free sample only. Purchase the full publication here: Or contact Standards New Zealand using one of the following methods. Freephone: (New Zealand) Phone: enquiries@standards.govt.nz