Improving high country and dryland pastures
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1 This work by the Lincoln University Dryland Pastures Research Team is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution- NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International License. Improving high country and dryland pastures Dr Alistair Black
2 Lucerne 40 kg DM/ha/mm Moot et al NZGA Grass/clover 20 kg DM/ha/mm Ryegrass no N 13 kg DM/ha/mm With N 27 kg DM/ha/mm Black & Murdoch 2013 NZGA
3 Ewes & twin lambs graze lucerne at Ashley Dene
4 Bog Roy Station Photo: Bog Roy Station Lincoln University
5 Soil acidity (Espie, 2009) Lincoln University
6 Low ph, high soluble Al Lincoln University
7 Lime applied to soil surface Can take years to penetrate into soil profile
8 Deep lime placement? Lincoln University
9 Lotus major Mt Grant Station Lincoln University
10 Alsike clover Sawdon Station Lincoln University
11 Caucasian clover Lincoln University
12 Lupin Photo: Travis Ryan-Salter Lincoln University
13 Mt John, Tekapo Photo: Kate Wilson Lincoln University
14 Lupin and Cc persistence Change in species dominance over 25 years in response to five rates of superphosphate (1 = 0, 2 = 50, 3 = 100, 4 = 250 and 5 = 500 kg/ha/year) and grazing management (H = high stocking rate, M = moderate, L = low, and s = set stocking and m = mob stocking). A = alsike clover, C = chewings fescue, D = cocksfoot, H = hawkweed, K = Caucasian clover, L = Russell lupin, O = tall oat grass, W = white clover, and Z = fescue tussock (adapted from Scott, 2008). Lincoln University
15 NZ Merino forage projects Lake Heron Sawdon Glenmore Simon s Hill Bog Roy Omarama Mt Grand Lincoln University
16 Glenmore Station Glacial moraine Low ph, high Al 630 mm rain Browntop Kentucky bluegrass Sweet vernal Hieracium Fescue tussock Lincoln University
17 Plot trial lucerne, lupin, Cc 0, 0.5, 1, 2 & 4 t lime/ha Lincoln University
18 10 Dec 2012 Lupin 0 t lime/ha
19 Lucerne
20 Response to lime % of nodulated plants Caucasian clover Lucerne Russell Lupin Lime (t/ha) Lincoln University
21 Bradyrhizobium spp. form root nodules on lupin Lincoln University
22 Feb Cc
23 10 Dec 2012 Lupin sowing rates Russell and Blue lupin 2, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 32 kg/ha
24 Year 1: Lupin 7 weeks 32 kg seed/ha 12 kg seed/ha Lincoln University
25 Year 2: 1 October kg seed/ha
26 Year 2: 1 October kg seed/ha
27 Year 2: 1 October kg seed/ha
28 2 kg seed/ha Year 2: 3 December 2013
29 8 kg seed/ha Year 2: 3 December 2013
30 32 kg seed/ha Year 2: 3 December 2013
31 9 December Merino 2-tooths.
32 2 kg seed/ha Year 2: regrowth to end of March 2014
33 8 kg seed/ha Year 2: regrowth to end of March 2014
34 32 kg seed/ha Year 2: regrowth to end of March 2014
35 DM Yield: Year 2 (Sept-April) other species DM yield (t/ha) cocksfoot lupin Blue Russell Lupin variety and sowing rate (kg/ha) Lincoln University
36 Paddocks of lupin Sown December 2013 After 1 year of ryecorn Lincoln University
37 6 weeks after sowing
38 Caucasian clover and cocksfoot included in the seed mix
39 4 months after sowing
40 4 October 2014 recovery after autumn graze
41 31 October 2014
42 Planting lupins to date Autumn + spring herbicide (burn) ryecorn Sow in warm soil temperatures after fallow (December) Sow at mm Sow at 8 kg/ha with cocksfoot + Cc Inoculate? Fert 50 kg/ha S Super/yr Graze in year 1 (post- flowering ) Lincoln University
43 Sawdon Station Lincoln University
44 July 2012 Winter survival Lincoln University
45 Sep 2012 Lupin recovered after winter 2 t DM/ha Lincoln University
46 Nov 2012 Lincoln University
47 Nov 2012 Cover during lambing 6.1 t DM/ha Lincoln University
48 Dec 2012 Lincoln University
49 Dec 2012 Sheep ate the flowers first 6.6 t DM/ha Lincoln University
50 Dec 2012 Deep taproot = summer survival Root nodules = nitrogen fixation Lincoln University
51 Jan 2013 Pre-grazing cover 7.6 t DM/ha Lincoln University
52 Jan 2013 Post-grazing cover 4.6 t DM/ha Lincoln University
53 Jan 2013 New leaves regrow from basal shoots Lincoln University
54 Feb 2013 Pre-grazing 6.3 t DM/ha (24% other species) Lincoln University
55 May 2013 Pre-grazing cover 4.9 t DM/ha Lincoln University
56 Lamb growth (Dec Feb) kg Lupin lambs Control lambs Lincoln University
57 Lincoln University
58 Wool production Lupin Control Fleece weight (kg) Staple length (mm) Mean micron (µm) Lincoln University
59 Lupin nutritive value ME value Crude protein Lupin leaf % Lupin stem % Other species % Lincoln University
60 Lincoln University
61 Lake Heron Station Dec 2011 Caucasian clover 10+ years old 680 m a.s.l. ph 5.5, Olsen P 5 Lincoln University
62 Feb , 100, 200 & 400 kg/ha of super 0 and 5 t/ha of lime Lincoln University
63 Nov 2012 Control Olsen P 11 ph kg/ha super 5 t/ha lime Olsen P 14 ph 6.0 Lincoln University
64 Feb 2013 Lincoln University
65 Nov 2013
66 Jan 2014
67 Mar 2014 Lincoln University
68 Caucasian clover yield months (Nov 2012) 23 months (Nov 2013) Yield (kg DM/ha) SP, L SP Superphosphate (kg/ha) Superphosphate (kg/ha) Lincoln University
69 Caucasian what we know? Good spring-summer growth and quality Inoculate seed with rhizobia Slow to establish so must drill in spring Rhizomes + taproot = persistent Seed production is difficult Lincoln University
70 Bog Roy Station
71 Bog Roy Station Annual clover trial Oct 2012
72 Indigenous annual clovers
73 Striated clover
74 Mt Barker sub clover
75 Rosabrook sub clover
76 Omarama Station Balansa clover trial Jan 2012
77 Oct 2012
78 Balansa clover
79 Root nodules on balansa clover
80 Mt Grand Station Balansa hay paddock Jan 2012
81 Balansa regeneration
82 Balansa hay loaded with seed
83 Roll it down the hill
84 Spread salt over the hay and sheep bury the seed
85 New look website Handouts & presentations Direct link to Blog Lincoln University
86 Dryland Pastures Blog: Lincoln University
87 Acknowledgments The farmers for daring to try Denis Fastier keeping academics grounded NZMerino for funding
88 Mt Benger, North Canterbury
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