New and Old Technologies in Cotton Weed Control. University of Tennessee Larry Steckel
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1 New and Old Technologies in Cotton Weed Control University of Tennessee Larry Steckel
2 Items to Cover Brake F2 Dicamba tolerance Roundup Xtend 2,4-D tolerance Enlist
3 History on Fluridone Evaluated for field crops in early 70 s Cotton was very tolerant; other crops not tolerant at rates being tested Marketing decision to discontinue development; sold to SePro SePro registered for aquatic weed control
4 For use in: Ponds Lakes Reservoirs Potable water supplies Drainage canals Irrigation canals #1 herbicide in US aquatic weed control
5 Fluridone - History Fluridone revisited in Research in AR/TN/MS/GA/NC/SC showed great cotton safety Inconsistent Palmer residual control Needs a good 0.75 to become active Sec 18 in AR in 2012 expensive and inconsistent Palmer control
6 Brake F2 Herbicide: Flowable formulation containing 1.6 lb/gal of fluridone* lb/gal of fomesafen** * Active ingredient in Sonar ** Active ingredient in Reflex
7 Fluridone Brake F2 Premix with fomesafen Rate is 1 pt - fluridone (0.2 lbs) + fomesafen (0.125 lbs) (8 oz Reflex) Provided consistent Palmer residual control in 2013 Got a Sec 18 in SC in 2013 Good results
8 Palmer amaranth Response 28 DAT Prowl Dual Mag Zidua Brake + Zidua Brake + Reflex (Brake F2) Brake + Cotoran Brake (0.35) Brake (0.22) Cotoran + Caparol Caparol Cotoran Reflex Warrant D BC ABC BCD AB ABC ABCD A A A AB AB AB % Control
9 Cotton Injury 28 DAT Prowl CDE Dual Mag CDE Zidua Brake + Zidua Brake + Reflex (Brake F2) BCD Brake + Cotoran CDE Brake (0.35) Brake (0.22) BCD Cot+Cap DE Caparol DE Cot EF Reflex CDE Warrant ABC ABC % Injury AB A
10 Injury Symptoms
11 Prowl Dual Mag Zidua Brake + Zidua Brake + Reflex (Brake F2) Brake + Cotoran Brake (0.35) Brake (0.22) Cotoran +Caparol Caparol Cotoran Reflex Warrant untreated F Cotton Yield EF EDF EDF BCDE EDF CDE ABCDE ABCDE ABCD ABC AB ABC Seed Cotton (lb/a) A
12 Brake F2 Good cotton tolerance with Brake F2 Good Palmer amaranth control No TN data demonstrating better Palmer control with Brake F2 at proposed rates than tank mix of Cotoran+Caparol However, in TN better residual control was seen than Cotoran or Caparol applied alone depending upon rain
13 Brake F2 Contains fluridone and fomesafen Fluridone is a bleacher ; same MOA as Zorial (Group 12 MOA) Main justification for Section 18 was resistance management; no other Group 12 herbicides used in any agronomic crop
14 Fluridone Brake F2 GA/TN/NC/SC have applied for Sec 18 for limited acres in ,500 acres Really be a large research trial in 2014
15 From proposed Brake F2 Section 18 label: 16 fl oz will be suggested rate in TN 16 fl oz Brake F2 = 0.2 lb ai fluridone + equivalent of 1/2 pt Reflex
16 Brake F2 Projected cost for 1 pt/acre: Volume purchased Cost/A acres -- $ acres -- $ acres -- $34.58
17 Brake F2 Only 16-oz rate suggested in TN No access to data on rates less than 16 oz; gut feel is 16 oz is rate needed How will 8 oz/a of Brake F2 compare to Cotoran/Caparol? Main justification for Section 18 was resistance management; fluridone is MOA not currently used Concerned about potential resistance to PPO inhibitors; two MOA s in Brake F2, but one is fomesafen (PPO inhibitor); 8 oz Brake F2 gives very low rate of fluridone; is that rate sufficient to achieve goal (prevent resistance to PPO inhibitors)?
18 Brake F2 Rotational restrictions Soybean 4 months Small grains 4 months Peanut 6 months Corn 6 months Tobacco, sorghum, 18 months others
19 New Herbicide Traits
20 Glyphosate Resistant Goosegrass Steckel 2011
21 Glyphosate-Resistant Ryegrass Steckel 2012
22 Photo by Charlie Burmester
23 Horseweed Was More of an Issue in 2013 Steckel 2013
24 Auburn population Dicamba and Dicamba plus glyphosate Auburn Population dicamba dicamba + glyphosate McElroy et al.
25 TVS population Dicamba and Dicamba plus glyphosate TVS Population dicamba dicamba + glyphosate McElroy et al.
26 Palmer is the driver weed!
27 Impact of GR Palmer amaranth on TN cotton % acres Liberty-based Programs
28 Inconsistent Liberty Performance Steckel 2013
29 New Technologies on the Horizon What will they do??? They can be good tools in a system to manage GR Palmer amaranth What won t they do??? Be easy
30 New Herbicide Trait Technology Roundup Xtend Cotton Will be able to use 1lb of dicamba pre plant or pre and two 0.5 lbs post Dicamba tankmixed with another pre will provide more consistent Palmer control than exists today Dicamba can be used post but so can Liberty and it should work better because the pre worked
31 New Technologies on the Horizon Enlist Cotton and Soybean tolerance to 2,4-D, glufosinate and glyphosate Only labeled 2,4-D products that can be used is the Colex-D formulation (choline salt) Colex-D mitigates drift and stays put better after application Sequential application of 2,4-D fb glufosinate can control larger Palmer than is possible today - similar to dicamba
32 14 days after 16 oz Clarity on 8 Palmer STeckel 2012
33 Pre Palmer Control Jackson, TN Does Dicamba Provide Palmer Control Pre? Valor SX Pre a Dicamba Pre b % Control 27 DAT
34 GR Palmer Control Jackson, TN In a System Valor Pre fb Roundup WeatherMax + Dicamba a Dicamba Pre fb Roundup WeatherMax + Dicamba b % Control 40 DAT
35 Valor 2 oz PRE fb/22 oz Roundup WM 22 oz + Dicamba 16 oz Steckel 2012
36 Dicamba 32 oz PRE fb/roundup WM 22 oz + Dicamba 16 oz 4 Palmer Steckel 2012
37 Summary These studies would suggest that dicamba tankmixed with another pre applied herbicide (Cotoran, Caparol, herbicide etc.) could provide more consistent control of Palmer than what we have today
38 Enlist Cotton Great 2,4-D Tolerance 32 oz Dicamba PRE
39 Xtend and Enlist System Strengths Great fit for burndown near planting. Crop safety a big plus. Can provide more consistent pre emerge control in dry springs. More consistent post control of GR Palmer than what is in use today. A new mode of action in crop.
40 Xtend and Enlist System Considerations Glyphosate-resistant grass control? Can 2,4-D provide residual control in dry springs? Is horseweed becoming less sensitive to dicamba? Off-target concerns and tank clean out? Resistance management will be important
41 Questions?
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