10 th International Riversymposium and Environmental Flows Conference

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Dwight Wilson
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1 10 th International Riversymposium and Environmental Flows Conference

2 Putting Policy into Practice: Mainstreaming Environmental Flows in Tanzania Washington N. Mutayoba Director Water Resources, Ministry of Water, Tanzania Hamza Sadiki, Basin Water Officer Pangani Basin Water Office, Tanzania Sylvand Kamugisha, Coordinator Pangani River Basin Mgmt Project

3 EFA in Tanzania Presentation Outline Introduction Tanzanian Water Resources Policy & Legislation Implementation Plan Status to Date Challenges Way forward

4 Tanzania s s Water Resources 9 River and Lake Basins declared in 1989-Act no.10 of 1981 Annual renewable water resources: 2,700 m 3 /c/y Estimated 2025 average annual: 1,500m 3 /c/y Half of the country receives < 800mm/y of rain

of the Lower Kihansi Hydropower Project in Rufiji Basin

5 Environmental Flow Issues Kihansi Spray Toad and Kihansi Gorge Degraded Kihansi Ecosystem Construction of the Lower Kihansi Hydropower Project in Rufiji Basin threatened the endemic wetland biodiversity of the Kihansi Gorge

6 Environmental Flow Issues Riparwin Project Ruaha National Park Reduced flows in Ruaha and Wami Rivers The Ruaha and Saadani National Parks are vital to the national economy. Reduced river flows threaten the ecosystems and wildlife in these parks.

7 Environmental Flow Issues Reduced Flows in Pangani Basin Increased demand for water for irrigation and hydropower have led to the drying of perennial rivers and salt water intrusion (20 km) at the estuary. The Kikuletwa river is no longer perennial

8 Environmental Flow Issues Natural Resource - Based Livelihoods >95% of Tanzanians depend on natural resources for their livelihoods. Failure to ensure adequate water provisions for these resources jeopardizes livelihoods across the country Livelihoods depending on environmental resources

Past water allocation experience Allocating whole river flow Allocating an average figure for the entire period No consideration of wet and dry season in allocation No consideration of

9 Past water allocation experience Allocating whole river flow Allocating an average figure for the entire period No consideration of wet and dry season in allocation No consideration of fish, inverts and vegetation in allocation Allocations based on observed minimum flow Portions of the Kikuletwa River are no longer perennial, owing to over-allocation of water upstream

10 Policy and Legislation Policy direction on EFs: National Water Policy (2002) Environmental Management Act (2004) Capacity to implement?

11 10 Point Implementation Plan 1. Conducting training courses on EFA in Tanzania 2. Defining an assessment framework for Tanzania 3. Piloting EFA test applications on Tanzanian rivers 4. Networking with international EF practitioners 5. Convening EF workshops to exchange lessons 6. Advocating for EFs in other sectors (energy, natl. parks) 7. Establishing a national EF library and database 8. Establishing a network of Tanzanian EFA practitioners 9. Developing an EF research program 10. Formulating an EF communication strategy

Status to date: Training 2003 EFA Training Workshop in Mbeya supported by the MoW, World Bank and IUCN 2004 EF training in Dar es Salaam sponsored by UNESCO-IHE and WaterNet

12 Status to date: Training 2003 EFA Training Workshop in Mbeya supported by the MoW, World Bank and IUCN 2004 EF training in Dar es Salaam sponsored by UNESCO-IHE and WaterNet Dr. Jackie King, University of Cape Town, SA with Tanzanian hydrologist 2007 FA Training in Morogoro, for EFA practitioners in Pangani and Wami Basins, supported by PBWO & IUCN

13 Status to date: Test Applications EFA applications are ongoing in: Mara River -WWF & other partners using BBM Wami River -WRBWO & TCMP & FlU using BBM Pangani River Basin PBWO & IUCN & SW + Anchor using modified DRIFT Tanzanian researchers collect data for the Pangani River Health survey

Status to date: Challenges Low water levels at Nyumba ya Mungu Dam Limited EFA awareness Lack of coordination among different EFA approaches in the country

14 Status to date: Challenges Low water levels at Nyumba ya Mungu Dam Limited EFA awareness Lack of coordination among different EFA approaches in the country Criteria and standards developed in other countries - how relevant are they for Tanzania? Introduction of storage infrastructure makes the need for determining EFs urgent

Way forward: Water Sector Development Program 2006-2010 Awareness creation Strengthen baseline data collection Capacity

15 Way forward: Water Sector Development Program Awareness creation Strengthen baseline data collection Capacity building Agreeing on a coordination institution Networking Researchers collect data on invertebrates in the Pangani River

16 Thank you for your attention! www. maji.go.tz

Environmental Flow Tool for Integrated Decision Making: Case of Pangani River Basin Tanzania

Environmental Flow Tool for Integrated Decision Making: Case of Pangani River Basin Tanzania 5 th World Water Forum Istanbul, Turkey IUCN Pavilion Sylvand Kamugisha Coordinator, Pangani River Basin Management