A STUDY ON EXPORT TREND IN INDIAN MARINE PRODUCTS

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1 Volume 4, Issue 7 (July, 2015) Online ISSN Published by: Abhinav Publication Abhinav International Monthly Refereed Journal of Research in A STUDY ON EXPORT TREND IN INDIAN MARINE PRODUCTS Anjana V.M 1 Research Scholar, Research & PG Department of Commerce & Management Studies, St. Joseph s College, Irinjalakuda, Thrissur, University of Calicut, Kerala, India anjana.valiyath@gmail.com Dr. Rosa K.D. 2 Retired Associate Professor, Research & PG Department of Commerce & Management Studies, St. Joseph s College, Irinjalakuda, Thrissur, University of Calicut, Kerala, India ABSTRACT The fishing sector in India with over traditional vessels and about mechanized vessels remains essentially traditional and technologically underdeveloped in comparison to the developed as well as developing countries dominated as it is by small fisherman. Over 60% of the exports from sea catch are contributed by the mechanized sector and 7% by the traditional sector. Most of the mechanized vessels are ill equipped to undertake long voyages. Deep- sea fishing, which has a very low share of less than 1% in exports, has not been able to make a dent in the fishing sector. This paper makes an attempt to analyze the trend of export of Indian marine products. The study reveals that the frozen fish and frozen shrimp are the main exported marine products. Keywords: Export; Marine Products; Export Trend; Indian Market; Fishing Sector INTRODUCTION India s exports of marine products had their beginning as early as Before 1960, when our exports were dominated by dried items the markets of Indian marine products were largely confined to neighboring countries like Sri Lanka, Myanmar, Singapore etc. This situation changed with the development of technology/modernization; dried products gave way to canned and frozen items. The product shift also resulted in market shift. Several seafood processing units with modern machinery for freezing and production of value added products were set up at all important centers in the country for export processing. During , European Union (EU) continued as the largest market with a percentage share of 26.78% in dollar realization followed by South East Asia 16.43%, China 15.41%, USA 15.35%, Japan 13.06%, Middle East 5.19% and Other Countries7.79%. (MPEDA 2011) Marine products industry has a share of at least 5-6 % in world exports. India is projected to become one among the top five seafood exporting countries in the world. Export of marine product plays a pivot role in developing aquaculture and fishing sector. In India, over 3.00 million people are employed in fishing and processing of fish sectors and this makes the fishery sector a key player in poverty alleviation and employment. Export of marine products plays a vital role in fisheries development in India by providing employment and income to millions engaged in fishing, aquaculture, processing and allied activities. Available online on 1

2 This sector, if developed appropriately could make India one of the top exporters of marine products in the world. Despite India s great potential, he export sector has not been able to realize this owing to various constraints. Vision for Indian Marine Products Exports: 1. Exports to increase to at least 2 Million MT by Value of exports to increase to US$ 4 Billion in 2012 and US$ 6 Billion by Marine products to retain a share of 2.5% in India s total exports. 4. The employment generation of the industry to grow from the current level of 3.0 Million to 6.0 Million by OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY 1. To examine the growth of marine products export; 2. To make an analysis of export of marine product items to other countries. METHODOLOGY Secondary data has been used in this study. The secondary data pertaining to the marine fish production over the years by different sectors have been collected from the publications of the Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (CMFRl) and the export data from the Marine Products Export Development Authority (MPEDA) and also from various books and journals. CAGR method is used to calculate the growth rate. Export Trend in Marine Product Table 1. Growth in Export of Indian Marine Products ( to ) Year Value Growth rate % Quantity in Value in in US $ Rupee Dollar Tones Rs. Crore Quantity Million Value Value It is clear from the table 1 that, in the last four years the export of marine products has been tremendously growing. In the export of marine products was (quantity in tones) and its corresponding value in Rs was crores. It was increased year by year and reached (quantity in tonnes) worth Rs crores. VOL. 4, ISSUE 7 (July 2015) 2

3 Source: Graphical representation based on the table of Growth in Export of Indian Marine Products ( to ) Figure 1. Growth rate percentage of value in crores of rupees Table 2. A comparative study of Export ( & ) Export details Growth % Quantity (Tonnes) Value (Crores of Rupees) Value (Millions of US $) Unit value (US$/Kg) During the financial year , exports of marine products reached an all-time high of US $ million. Marine product exports, crossed all previous records in quantity, rupee value and US $ terms. Exports aggregated to 9, 83,756 valued at Rs. 30, crores and US $ 5, million. Compared to the previous year, seafood exports recorded a growth of 5.98 % in quantity, 60.23% in rupee and 42.6 % growth in US $ earnings respectively. The unit value realization also reached to record high from USD/Kg 3.78 during to USD/Kg 5.09 during and recorded growth of 34.55%. Major Items of Export shrimp, frozen fish, frozen cuttle fish, frozen squid, dried item, live items, and chilled items are the major export items of marine products. The major items of marine products including frozen shrimp, frozen cuttle fish, frozen squid, and live items shows a tremendous growth in the marine export market. Table 3. Major items of exports during the year and Items April March 2013 April March 2014 Growth Rate % Shrimp Fish Cuttle Fish VOL. 4, ISSUE 7 (July 2015) 3

4 Table 3. Major items of exports during the year and (Contd.) Items April March 2013 April March 2014 Growth Rate % Squid Dried Item Live Items Chilled Items Others Total Q: Quantity in Tones, V: Value in Rupees, $: USD Million Shrimp exports during the period April March 2014 increased by 31.85%, 99.54% and 78.06% in quantity, rupee value and US $ value respectively. Fish, has retained its position as the principal export item in quantity terms and the second largest export item in value terms(30.27%),and 14.74% in US $ earnings. Cuttlefish recorded a growth of 8.34% in quantity. Dried items have shown a positive growth in terms of rupee value by 21.72% and in dollar terms by 9.87%. Live items exports shown a growth by 16.17%, 42.43% and 26.83% in quantity, rupee value and US $ realization respectively compared to the previous year. Export of Squid has shown growth of 15.98%, 25.68% and 10.78% in terms of Quantity, Rupee Value in and US $ terms. Major Export Markets Table 4. Major markets for Indian marine products Items April March 2013 April March 2014 Growth Rate % Japan USA European Union China South East Asia Middle East Others Total Q: Quantity in Tones, V: Vale in Rupees Crore, $: USD Million The table shows that, South East Asia continued to be the largest buyer of Indian marine products in terms of quantity in tones. The exports to South East Asian Countries, as shown positive growth by 11.47%, 84.67% and 62.72% in terms of Quantity, Rupee value and US dollar terms respectively. Exports to USA had registered a tremendous growth of 19.94% in quantity and 72.06% in US$ realization. Export to Japan registered increase in terms of US $ by 10.30%. Export to Middle East countries has shown good growth of 40.13%, 43.65% and 30.29% in terms of Quantity, Value and Dollar terms respectively. VOL. 4, ISSUE 7 (July 2015) 4

5 FINDINGS 1. The export of marine products shows a tremendous growth in , and it reached at 5.98% in quantity in tones. 2. In terms of quantity in tones, the export of frozen fish items is placed at the first position followed by frozen shrimp. 3. South East Asia is the largest buyer of Indian marine products in terms of quantity in tones. SUGGESTIONS 1. Quality control measures and increase in infrastructure facilities for production of value added items help in achieving the superior market. 2. To achieve greater share of export market, enhance the skill of trade especially in the SME segment in coping with the new requirements and challenges of the retail market. 3. Insurance coverage for the fish/ shrimp farming should be strengthening. 4. Packaging of seafood is to be upgraded so as to catch up with the rest of the world. 5. Incentives for value addition should be strengthening. CONCLUSION This study concluded that, the frozen fish and frozen shrimp (in terms of Quantity) are the main marine products exported year by year. Product diversification and value addition of marine products along with the adoption of the appropriate marketing strategy will help to improve Indian marine exports. REFERENCES 1. M. Krisbnan, T. Rpvisunkar And B.M. Shanna (1994) Development Prospects of Marine Products Exports from India, Indian Journal of Agricultural Marketing, special edition Pp R. Venugopal N and Prajneshu (April- June 1996), Trend analysis in all-india marine products export using statistical modeling techniques, Indian Journal of Fish., 43(2), pp Sukhpal Singh, H.S Kingra and Satwinder Singh (January- March 2007), An Economic Analysis of Marketing of Inland Fish in Punjab, Agricultural Marketing, XLIX (4), pp V.N Pillai and N.G Menon (2000), Marine Fisheries Research and Management, Central Marine Fisheries Research Institute (Indian Council of Agricultural Research) Cochin, Kerala (Seafood Exporters Association of India) VOL. 4, ISSUE 7 (July 2015) 5