MICROTECHNOLOGIES MEET AGROFOOD: an european clustering action

Transcription

1 MICROTECHNOLOGIES MEET AGROFOOD: an european clustering action Leandro Lorenzelli Fondazione Bruno Kessler Center for Materials and Microsystems Trento - Italy lorenzel@fbk.eu Microtechnologies meet agrofood: an european clustering action FBK-CMM L. Lorenzelli 1

2 About myself Microsystems Technologies FBK-CMM Technological Expertise Microfluidics and Lab on chip MEMS and RF MEMS Flexible sensors APPLICATIONS SYSTEMS TECHNOLOGIES LAB ON CHIP FOR QUALITY CONTROL FOOD R&D and Market Areas MEMS AND RF-MEMS FOR SPACE SENSORS FOR ROBOTICS AND PROSTHETICS Microtechnologies meet agrofood: an european clustering action FBK-CMM L. Lorenzelli 2

3 and about the contributions Dr. Andreas Lymberis - Research Program Officer European Commission - Directorate General for Communications Networks, Content and Technology (DG Connect) Dr Ioanna Zergioti (School of Applied Mathematics and Physical Sciences National Technical University of Athens, Greece) FP7 EU-BIOFOS Project Dr Ioannis Raptis (Department of Microelectronics Institute of Nanosciences & Nanotechnologies NCSR ʽDemokritosʼ, Greece) FP7 EU- FOODSNIFFER PROJECT Dr Erica Cretaio and Dr Roberto Pierobon (Veneto Nanotech, Italy) Horizon 2020 POSEIDON Project Dr Alessia Mortari (FBK-CMM, Italy) IM-MILK EU MSC RESTATE Project Dr Andrea Adami (FBK-CMM, Italy) FP7 EU- SYMPHONY Project and GOODFOOD FP6 EU Project FOODMICROSYSTEMS FP7 EU Project Microtechnologies meet agrofood: an european clustering action FBK-CMM L. Lorenzelli 3

4 OUTLINE - Foodborne contaminants scenario - Main challenges in the agrofood sector - MicroNanoBioSystems FP7 Projects at a glance - From FP6 to Horizon 2020 an overview - Conclusions Microtechnologies meet agrofood: an european clustering action FBK-CMM L. Lorenzelli 4

5 Preamble The European food sector is the second biggest manufacturing sector in Europe with around companies employing around 4.3 million persons and generating an annual turnover of around 1 trillion euros. Concern for our food is growing in Europe, driven by industrialized food production and repeated crises. This problem requires more massive screening of food and water extending from the source to the point of consumption Current analytical technology is too expensive and bound to the laboratory to test more than a small fraction of 1% of the EU's food. The sector is also facing several simultaneous challenges that require innovation and new technological solutions: the food industry needs to guarantee food safety, to improve the quality of the food products, to decrease its impact on the environment while continuing to provide affordable food supply to a growing population. Microtechnologies meet agrofood: an european clustering action FBK-CMM L. Lorenzelli 5

6 Common Causes of Foodborne Disease Bacteria Salmonella spp. Campylobacter jejuni Shigella spp. STEC O157:H7 Listeria monocytognes Vibrio spp. Yersinia spp. Parasites Cryptosporidium spp. Cyclospora spp. Trichinella spiralis Giardia lamblia Toxoplasma caris Entamoeba histolytica Miscellaneous Niacin Monosodium glutamate Viruses Norwalk Hepatitis A Source: 2004 The Cleveland Clinic Foundation Toxins Enterotoxins Staphylococcus aureus Clostridium perfringens Bacillus cereus Botulinum toxin Clostridium botulinum Fish toxins Scombrotoxin Ciguatera toxin Paralytic shellfish toxin Mushrooms Amatoxin Phallotoxin Distribution of illnesses by food type in 1,565 foodborne outbreaks caused by a single food type and reported to CDC's National Foodborne Disease Outbreak Surveillance System, SOURCE: CDC, unpublished data Microtechnologies meet agrofood: an european clustering action FBK-CMM L. Lorenzelli 6

7 Foodborne pathogens detection: scenario Microtechnologies meet agrofood: an european clustering action FBK-CMM L. Lorenzelli 7

8 Main challenges for MNBS in the agrofood sector Microsystems have the potential of the miniaturization to provide a wide range of technological solutions for the food industry. Low-cost and portable systems, delivering analytical data to a central location would help to prevent or identify early any food safety threat outbreaks. There is a demand for microsystems in active and intelligent packaging but there are more constraints than for product and process control: consumers/producers are not inclined to sustain extra costs for the package, the legislative framework is more constraining and there are concerns about the environmental impact. Anyway, the control of microbiological quality of food, which is only a part of the sector needs, represents a global market at 800M, growing at 4 to 6% a year (source: biomérieux in the Cowin report Main challenges for smart systems towards diagnostic markets ). Microtechnologies meet agrofood: an european clustering action FBK-CMM L. Lorenzelli 8

9 Main challenges for MNBS in the agrofood sector Food Safety Portable, cheap and easy-to-use devices Food Quality: Continuous and simultaneous measurements of several parameters Process Control Embedded in the process management systems of the industry Traceability Authentication and detection of fraud and adulteration Intelligent packaging Source: Microtechnologies meet agrofood: an european clustering action FBK-CMM L. Lorenzelli 9

10 Main Technological constraints The robustness of the devices The reliability of the measurements The compatibility with food processes The time to process information and provide results Cost per measurement The sampling strategy (how many measures, when, where etc.). Sample (pre)treatment Cleanability Non-Technological constraints Organisational constraints Consumer perception Ethical weighing of interests (safety issues and environmental issues ) Microtechnologies meet agrofood: an european clustering action FBK-CMM L. Lorenzelli 10

11 Priority areas for MNBS in the Food sector : Short and medium-term Focus on process control applications. Miniaturisation, automation and multi-parametric to enable at-line punctual analysis offering a competitive cost per parameter when compared with current analytical alternatives. Stability, robustness and autonomy to enable in-line/on-line continuous monitoring. Communications capabilities to integrate the innovative solutions in existing process management systems. Source: Microtechnologies meet agrofood: an european clustering action FBK-CMM L. Lorenzelli 11

12 Case Study: Foodborne Pathogens detection in Milk Mortari A. & Lorenzelli L. Recent sensing technologies for pathogen detection in milk: a review Biosensors & Bioelectronics 60 (2014) Microtechnologies meet agrofood: an european clustering action FBK-CMM L. Lorenzelli 12

13 MNBS & Integration of Heterogeneous Technologies Technologies: Not well defined standards Constraints: Costs, Portability, Modular architectures, interconnection with ICT Technologies: Electrochemical, Photonic sonsors Constraints: Surface Functionalisation, Limit of Detection, Reproducubility, Stability Works in progress Sample preparation More or less OK Detection Sometime it s a «no man's land» System Integration Technologies: Standard Microfluidics, Paper-based systems, lateral flow systems Constraints: Sampling time, Preconcentration, Re-usability, Surface Treatments, Costs, Reduced handling procedures Microtechnologies meet agrofood: an european clustering action FBK-CMM L. Lorenzelli 13

14 MNBS overview: FP7 & ENIAC (Joint Undertaking) Total costs for MNBS projects Food & environment 5% MNBS in vivo 9% Clinical & healthcare platforms 46% Generic MNBS technologies 22% 39 projects (77% in FP7) Total costs 331 M (50/50 between FP7 & JUs) EU funding 145 M (80% in FP7) Health 18% 484 participants with 34% SMEs Courteously from: A. Lymberis EU DG CONNECT 14

15 Source: Microtechnologies meet agrofood: an european clustering action FBK-CMM L. Lorenzelli 15

16 MNBS FP7 Projects Food/beverage contamination Food pathogens detection & safety Point-of-need detection Miniaturised complete solution Lab-on-chip BIOFOS SYMPHONY FOODSNIFFER LOVE-FOOD Terahertz Electronics for LoC ULTRA Generic LoC ARROWS SIMS Single cell Detection & manipulation PASCA LoC Design- Manufacturing- Production microfluid ML² Point of care testing & IVD Allergy detection Tropical diseases detection Tuberculosis detection Chronic diseases monitoring Malaria and fevers detection Foetal mutation detection Cancer early detection/diagnosis Pathogen, drugs detection Lab-on-Chip PYTHIA Positive PodiTrodi-EU Pocket NextDx DiscoGnosis ANGELab CanDo MIRACLE LabOnFoil Treatment of phantom limb pain in amputees Neuro stimulation Motricity restoration Parkinson disease treatment Hearing impairment treatment Cochlear stimulation Drug monitoring POC in transplanted patients Cardiovascular repairing Invasive MNBS Smart Implants and stimulators Actuators-EAP, Infrared Laser Clinical platforms Breast cancer Magnetic guided drug delivery nano-carriers NANOMA Minimally invasive surgery Robotics ARAKNES Chronic wounds & ulcers Monitoring & Therapy Wearable Systems Body sensors TIME NEUWalk ACTION ULTRAsponder NANODEM Heart-e-Gel In vivo MNBS and Clinical Platforms Coordinated & Support Actions FoodMicroSystems + COWIN, EXPRESS Courteously from: A. Lymberis EU DG CONNECT EC-DG CONNECT, AL, 2015 SWAN-iCARE 16

17 Cluster of projects with FOCUS ON PHOTONICS GoodFood FoodMicrosystems FoodSniffer BIOFOS Olive oil Nuts Milk Diary products Technology Evaluation Technology vs Users Needs Symphony Application oriented Pesticides Toxins Allergens Antibiotics Technology push Demand Pull Microtechnologies meet agrofood: an european clustering action FBK-CMM L. Lorenzelli 17

18 GoodFood: Food Safety and Quality Monitoring with Microsystems Coordinator: CNM-CSIC (ES) Microtechnologies meet agrofood: an european clustering action FBK-CMM L. Lorenzelli 18

19 Project supported by FP7/ Coordinator: ACTIA (Fr) FoodMicroSystems objective is to initiate the implementation of microsystems & smart miniaturized systems in the food sector by improving cooperation between suppliers and users of microsystems for food/beverage quality and safety. Microtechnologies meet agrofood: an european clustering action FBK-CMM L. Lorenzelli 19

20 EU FP7 FOODSNIFFER FOOD Safety at the pointof-need via monolithic spectroscopic chip identifying harmful substances in fresh produce Coordinator: NCSR Demokritos, (Greece) (ii) FOODSNIFFER is field-deployable and simple-touse as a result of the integration of three major innovations: (i) the transducer itself, an all-silicon fully integrated optoelectronic platform based on Broad-Band Mach-Zehnder Interferometry capable of synchronous highly-sensitive labelfree multi-analyte detection. the innovative design of the wafer-scale microfluidics and filtration systems that unburden the reader of external pumps/valves, and intensive sample preparation. (iii) the development of a low-power reader controlled by a smartphone through a customproduced application. Courteously from: I. Raptis NCSR Demokritos Microtechnologies meet agrofood: an european clustering action FBK-CMM L. Lorenzelli 20

21 App in food safety o Accurate measurements o Miniaturized system of very low cost & easy of use o Use at the point of need by nonspecialized personnel o Farmers o Traders o Processors of plant raw materials o Food manufacturers o Analytical Laboratories o Retailers Courteously from: I. Raptis NCSR Demokritos FOODSNIFFER FP7-ICT

22 FOODSNIFFER Monolithically Integrated Photonic Platform for PoN application in health & food safety CONCEPT: System consisiting of a Handheld Reader and a sensing chip capable for multianalyte measurements in a short time (10 min) with simple sample preparation HANDHELD READER: size and weight similar to a smartphone, controlled by a smartphone, SENSING CHIP: All-in-one optoelectronic chip (light source, sensing waveguide, spectrometer) fabricated by mainstream microelectronic processes and appropriately biofunctionalized Courteously from: I. Raptis NCSR Demokritos FOODSNIFFER FP7-ICT

23 The platform Principle of operation Optoelectronic Chip I ex I ph Exposed Waveguide Spectral Shift Courteously from: I. Raptis NCSR Demokritos Fluidics FOODSNIFFER FP7-ICT

24 Courteously from: I. Zergioti ICCS/NTUA BIOFOS Micro-ring resonator-based biophotonic system for food analysis Funded under the seventh Framework Programme (FP7), ICT- STREP FP7-ICT , GA no: I. Zergioti 1, M. Massaouti 1, Ch. Kouloumentas 1, H. Avramopoulos 1, H. Leeuwis 2, R. Heideman 2, E. Schreuder 2, S. Graf 3, H. Knapp 3, L. Barthelmebs 4, T. Noguer 4, G. Tsekenis 5, L. Scheres 6, M. Smulders 7, H. Zuilhof 7, L A. Romero 8, G. Heesink 9, L. Fernandez 10, A. Risquez 10 1 ICCS/NTUA (GR), 2 LIONIX (NL), 3 CSEM (SW), 4 UPVD (FR), 5 BRFFA (GR), 6 Surfix (NL), 7 WU (NL), 8 IRTA (ES), 9 SAXION (NL), 10 COVAP (ES)

25 PLATFORMs BIOFOS goal BIOFOS system: Development of a portable, multi-analyte biosensing platform for real-time/on-site monitoring of food quality. Single system: 4 different platforms Photonic Biological Nanochemical Microfluidic Courteously from: I. Zergioti ICCS/NTUA BIOFOS in Olive oil sector BIOFOS in nuts sector BIOFOS in Milk sector Three (3) food families Olive oil Nuts Milk

26 FP7-ICT Integrated SYsteM based on PHOtonic Microresonators and Microfluidic Components for rapid detection of toxins in milk and diary products The main goal is to produce an automated sampling and analysis system to be used in Hazard Analysis and Critical Control Points (HACCP). SYMPHONY In particular, milk and dairy products can be contaminated by aflatoxin M1, a potent carcinogen. The aflatoxin contamination represents a hazard for human health and an economic loss for the dairy industry. The solutions developed by the project aims to overcome the limitation of the available technology for aflatoxin detection, which fails to provide timely identification of the carcinogen and costeffective management of contaminated milk. The Symphony system will represent a breakthrough for the dairy industry, leading toward precision process management. Microtechnologies meet agrofood: an european clustering action FBK-CMM L. Lorenzelli 27

27 The aflatoxin issue in milk industry Aflatoxin M1 is a milk contaminant and potent carcinogen classified in group 1 of the International Agency for the Research on Cancer (IARC, 1993). Aflatoxin B1 is produced by the fungus Aspergillus flavus and can contaminate feedstock. Aflatoxin M1 is a metabolite of aflatoxin B1 and is secreted into milk. Thermally stable during pasteurization or UHT treatment In the European Commission regulation (EC) No. 1881/2006, the maximum level of aflatoxin M1 contamination in milk is set to 50 ppt and to 25 ppt for infant formulae, as a vulnerable group of the population Aflatoxin is screened periodically by ELISA or lateral flow kits, with HPLC used as certified method for confirmation of positive cases 28

28 Sample preparation by continuous flow microfluidics Fat separation pre filtration may be needed to remove non-milk debris and milk "clots" Centrifugation replaced by continuous flow fat removal Numbering up or manifolded multiple devices provides increased throughput Concentration Immunoaffinity concentration of aflatoxin to: Increase the limit of detection of the system Reduce the interference of milk matrix Release by temperature or ph shock By EPIGEM Ltd, UNITN, and LIONIX detection Microseal interface to sensor is required Sensor based on mrr or MZI with integrated VCSEL, detectors A valve controlled sub-system could be used for regeneration of sensor surface using valve control of a sensor flow cell linked to reservoirs on-or-off chip By EPIGEM Ltd, UNITN, and LIONIX 30

29 Integrated photonic system The photonic system is based on: LioniX Si 3 N 4 / SiO 2 single stripe technology and FBK SiON technology Sensor architecture: Micro Ring Resonator (MRR) /Mach Zehnder Interferometer (MZI) The integration strategy: butt end coupling Cross section and sensor overview (planar and vertical coupling) Aflatoxin response of functionalized microring resonator By FBK, UNITN, and LIONIX 31

30 Plasmonic-based automated lab-on-chip SEnsor for the rapid In-situ Detection of LegiONella Coordinator: CLIVET SPA The POSEIDON project adopts a multidisciplinary approach involving key enabling technologies (KET) in photonics, aiming at the exploitation of the Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) phenomenon to develop a fully automated platform for fast optical detection of L. pneumophila pathogens. SPR sensors for label-free sensing Platforms integrated into lab-on-chip systems Applications in: environmental monitoring Biotechnology Medical diagnostics Drug screening Food safety and security. Microtechnologies meet agrofood: an european clustering action FBK-CMM L. Lorenzelli 32

31 Conclusions The main demands are for food product quality and safety assessment and food process control. Microsystems in active and intelligent packaging present more constraints than for product and process control Industry demand will be reinforced in the coming years, in particular for the control of food products and processes. Regulations and food law can also constitute an opportunity for developers of microsystems solutions. There are a number of remaining barriers to take up MST in food applications Innovations often occur at the boundaries of different technology areas. Current focus is on BioPhotonics, Sample Preparations, Integration of Heterogeneous Technologies Microtechnologies meet agrofood: an european clustering action FBK-CMM L. Lorenzelli 33