Final Project LEGO Willis Tower. Cesar Sandoval MAE 656 Advance CAD Prof. Dr. Xavier Martinez Summer II, 2012

Transcription

1 Final Project LEGO Willis Tower Cesar Sandoval MAE 656 Advance CAD Prof. Dr. Xavier Martinez Summer II, 2012

2 Outline Description of the problem solved The Willis Tower LEGO Blocks Material Assembling the structure and dimensions Description and Results of the numerical model Performance Analysis Model 1: Line Pressure Model 2: Line Pressure and Face Pressure Conclusions and References

3 The Willis Tower at Chicago, Illinois a) Willis Tower [1] b) LEGO Architecture Willis Tower [2]

4 Willis Tower Facts [2] Architect: Skidmore, Owings and Merrill LLP Height: 442 m (1,458 ft.) Classification: Supertall Location: 233 S. Wacker Drive, Chicago, Illinois, United States Construction Type: Steel Frame and Curtain Wall Materials: Aluminum, Concrete, Glass and Steel Cost: $175 million (1970) Pinnacle Type: East Antenna 521 m (1,720 ft.), West Antenna 527 m (1,740 ft.) Elevators: 104 Stories: 110 Floor Area: 409,000 m2 (4,400,000 sq. ft.) Year: Footprint: 68 x 68 m (225 x 225 ft.) Zoned: Commercial: Office, Communication, Retail & Observation Tallest structures, freestanding structures, and buildings in the World [3]

5 New Material: Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) a) LEGO Blocks [4] b) ABS Resin Formula [5] Density: 1.06 g/cm 3 Young's Modulus: 1.90 GPa Poisson's Ratio: 0.41 c) ABS Polymer Grains [5] d) ABS Properties [6]

6 Project Schematic in ANSYS

7 Assembling the Willis Tower a) Breakdown of the Bundled Tube Structure [1] b) ANSYS Geometry

8 Dimensions: Top and Bottom Views.8 cm.8 cm 2.4 cm.4 cm.8 cm d.5 cm d.4 cm d.3 cm.8 cm 2.4 cm 1.6 cm 2.4 cm 2.4 cm 1.6 cm a) Top View b) Bottom View

9 Dimensions: Left and Right Views 2.6 cm d.3 cm d.4 cm d.5 cm.8 cm 3.3 cm.15 cm.3 cm 2.6 cm 2.9 cm 2.9 cm 5.8 cm 2.9 cm 11.9 cm 9 cm 1.5 cm.8 cm r.8 cm 1.6 cm 2.4 cm 2.4 cm 1.6 cm a) Left View b) Right View

10 Dimensions: Back and Front Views.8 cm d.3 cm d.4 cm d.5 cm 2.6 cm 3.3 cm.15 cm.3 cm 2.6 cm 2.9 cm 2.9 cm 5.8 cm 5.8 cm 11.9 cm 9 cm 11.9 cm 7.5 cm 1.5 cm 2.4 cm a) Back View b) Front View 2.4 cm

11 Mesh Used Nodes: Elements: 5878 Dimensions: x 4.00 x 2.4 cm Volume: cm³ Mass using ABS: g Real Mass Weighted: g

12 Performance Analysis Cross Section Area: 5.76 cm 2 Mass Weight: 2 Kg Conversion Rate: N/Kg 2 Kg Yield Stress Calculated: Pa (N/m) or MPa Experiment Setup

13 Model 1: Line Pressure on Top Edge

14 Line pressure: N/mm, 0.28 N: a) Total Deformation Min.: 0.0 mm, Max.: mm b) Normal Stress (Z Axis) Min.: MPa, Max.: MPa

15 Line pressure: 0.05 N/mm, 0.4 N: a) Total Deformation Min.: 0.0 mm, Max.: mm b) Normal Stress (Z Axis) Min.: MPa, Max.: MPa

16 Model 2: Line Pressure and Face Pressure Top Cross Section Area: 1.28 cm 2 Force 10x: 2.8 N Face Pressure: Pa (N/m)

17 Line pressure: 0.05 N/mm, 0.4 N: a) Total Deformation Min.: 0.0 mm, Max.: mm b) Normal Stress (Z Axis) Min.: MPa, Max.: MPa

18 Conclusions LEGO blocks are made of Acrylonitrile Butadiene Styrene (ABS) [5]. Most important mechanical properties are impact resistance and toughness. Willis Tower is a bundled tube structure Allows to be assembled in different ways. Dimensions are cm x 4.00 cm x 2.4 cm. Mesh used nodes and 5878 elements. Mass of g. Real LEGO Tower is g. Due to some empty space inside real blocks.

19 Conclusions (Cont.) Yield Stress was experimentally calculated for the LEGO blocks as MPa. Model 1: Minimum pressure: 0.28 N. Maximum deformation: of mm. Maximum compressive strength: Bottom of the tower by the entrance. Other susceptible areas: Around middle and top of the building. Model 2: Minimum pressure increased 0.4 N Maximum deformation increased: mm. Maximum compressive strength: Bottom of the tower by the entrance. Other susceptible areas: Around middle and top of the building.

20 References [1] Wikipedia. Willis Tower. Available: [2] LEGO. Architecture Willis Tower. Available: [3] Wikipedia. List of tallest buildings and structures in the world. Available: es_in_the_world [4] Wikipedia. LEGO. Available: [5] Wikipedia. Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene. Available: [6] MakeItFrom. Acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (ABS). Available: Butadiene-Styrene-ABS

21 Questions?