IMPLANT LEVEE. Highly Resilient Disaster Prevention Levee

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Betty Welch
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1 IMPLANT LEVEE Highly Resilient Disaster Prevention Levee Levee Upgrading Work in Japan

Implant Levee Embedded Resilient Structure Twin

installed into the embankment to a depth determined

Also, liquefaction of the levee can be prevented by

Thus, the levee can withstand large external loading

Tsunami Protection Functions of the levee can be

Current Embankment Local Failure due to Turn Back

Functions of the levee can be maintained by the

Settlement Potentially Liquefiable Soil Layer

is a vertical barrier and can be installed in

environments or where the construction of a wide

The piles are for proper stability to withstand

Giken Reaction Base (GRB) System The press-in

installed piles and performs piling work on top of

With further development based on the principle of

developed as a press-in system which performs all

pitching and press-in work, on top of installed

The GRB System consists of a Silent Piler in the

to pitch piles and a Pile Runner to convey piles

Pile Silent Piler (Presses-in Pile) Piler Stage

2 Implant Levee Embedded Resilient Structure Twin Steel Sheet Pile Wall System Steel sheet piles are installed into the embankment to a depth determined for proper stability and/or cut-off of flow. Also, liquefaction of the levee can be prevented by enclosing it with twin sheet pile walls. Thus, the levee can withstand large external loading and the levee crest can remain in place, even in catastrophic events. Advantages of Implant Levee Flood, Storm Surge and Tsunami Protection Functions of the levee can be maintained by increasing its stability. Current Embankment Local Failure due to Turn Back Waves Steel Sheet Pile Wall Liquefaction Protection Functions of the levee can be maintained by the ground enclosure effect. Settlement Potentially Liquefiable Soil Layer Contiguous Tubular Pile Wall Steel tubular pile wall is a vertical barrier and can be installed in locations where space is scarce, such as urban environments or where the construction of a wide levee is not feasible. The piles are installed into the embankment to a depth determined for proper stability to withstand large dynamic and hydraulic loading. Giken Reaction Base (GRB) System The press-in machine utilises reaction force from previously installed piles and performs piling work on top of the piles. With further development based on the principle of "reaction based mechanism", "the GRB System" was developed as a press-in system which performs all piling procedures such as; pile transportation, pile pitching and press-in work, on top of installed piles. The GRB System consists of a Silent Piler in the front, a Power Unit as a power source, a Clamp Crane to pitch piles and a Pile Runner to convey piles from storage site. Pile Silent Piler (Presses-in Pile) Piler Stage (Work Platform) Power Unit (Power Source) Unit Runner (Conveys Power Unit) Clamp Crane (Pitches Pile) Pile Runner (Conveys Piles) Anti-liquefaction Ground Piling Direction Reaction Force Press-in Force Gyration Force Gyropress Force Gyropress Method Gyropress Method installs tubular piles with cutting bits attached on pile toe by rotary jack-in system, and travels on top of piles which are completely installed (completed piles). Gyropress Method allows the installation of tubular piles without prior removal of existing structures and/or obstacles. 1 2

Comparison of Implant Levee to conventional levees (Risk Analysis) Failure of levees potentially results in devastating consequences, in both life and economic losses, around the failure.

Risk Evaluation Failure/ Deterioration Mode/ Risk Elements Process Implant Levee Conventional Levee Instability Animal Burrowing Shrinkage Cracks (Desiccation Cracks) Water entering the embankment

this may compromise the stability of the embankment and, in turn, reduce the ability of the levee to perform as designed during high water events.

This seepage will generally follow paths of least resistance. Depending on the geotechnical properties of the soil, internal erosion may then happen.

3 Comparison of Implant Levee to conventional levees (Risk Analysis) Failure of levees potentially results in devastating consequences, in both life and economic losses, around the failure. Therefore, risk analysis and evaluation is a key issue for levee operation and management. Risk Evaluation Failure/ Deterioration Mode/ Risk Elements Process Implant Levee Conventional Levee Instability Animal Burrowing Shrinkage Cracks (Desiccation Cracks) Water entering the embankment through surface cracks or animal burrows could reduce the soil strength of the levee.this may compromise the stability of the embankment and, in turn, reduce the ability of the levee to perform as designed during high water events. Negligible Moderate - High Internal Erosion Seepage Suffusion The hydrostatic pressure against a levee slope increases significantly and can force water into the levee embankment and its foundation. This seepage will generally follow paths of least resistance. Depending on the geotechnical properties of the soil, internal erosion may then happen. Negligible Moderate - High Settlement Settlement Lateral Spreading Liquefaction Age Effect Large seismic accelerations cause settlement and loss of effective shear strength in water-saturated, unconsolidated sediment, leading to loss of bearing pressures and lateral spreading of levee. Negligible - Low High Liquefaction Breach Flood Tidal Action River Flows Levees can breach before overflow/ overtopping if there are structural issues with the levee making it unstable under a hydraulic load. Negligible Moderate - High Collapse (Widespread Devastation) Flood Storm Surge Seismic Loading Large external cyclic loading due to these catastrophic events may lead to large parts of the levee collapsing or significant deformations. The levee failure occurs when the weakness of the levee reaches an unsustainable ultimate state. Negligible - Low High Tsunami Strike 3 4

4 Costal Levee Upgrading Work, Japan Twin Sheet Pile Walls installed with Press-in with Simultaneous Augering 2,399no. U Sheet Piles w L=15.0m m (700Lm) Plan Sheet Pile Installation Twin Sheet Pile Walls Sheet Pile Installation Tie Rod Installation Silent Piler (Crush Mode) Completion Completion Road Scour Protection Fill Boulders 500mm-800mm 5000mm 6000mm U Sheet Piles w L=15.0 m 16.5 m Sheet Piles () Sheet Piles () Potentially Liquefiable Soil Layer 5 6

5 Seawall Upgrading Work, Japan West Area Contiguous Tubular Pile Wall installed with Gyropress Method (Rotary Jack-in Method) 564no. Tubular Piles 1,000mm L=19.5m (670Lm) Pile Installation without disturbing adjacent traffic (Gyropress Method) Pile Installation (Gyropress Method) Post Pile Installation East Area Twin Sheet Pile Walls installed with Press-in with Simultaneous Augering 1,800no. U Sheet Piles w L=19.5m m (577Lm) New Seawall Rapid Construction by Systematic Method Road New Seawall Existing Seawall Existing Seawall Concrete Liner Wall Road Wall Section Tubular Piles 1,000mm L=19.5m 6500 U Sheet Piles w L= m 7 8

6 Other Examples Seawall Upgrading Work, Japan Gyropress Method) Riverine Levee Upgrading Work, Japan Tubular Pile Installation Leveed Area Foreland Fill Tubular Piles 1,300mm L=27.5m Post Pile Installation Sheet Piles Scour Protection Potentially Liquefiable Soil Layer Tubular Piles 900mm L=19.0m Anti-liquefaction Ground Levee Upgrading Work, Japan Seawall Improvement Work, Japan Sheet Pile Installation Post Pile Installation U Sheet Piles w, L and L L= m 4000 Tubular Piles 1,000mm L=13.5m 20.5m Potentially Liquefiable Soil Layer Anti-liquefaction Ground 9 10

7 Construction Solutions Company GIKEN LTD. Global Network : Japan, USA, UK, Germany, Singapore, China Construction Design & Planning Group Ariake, Koto-ku, Tokyo , Japan Tel. : +81-(0) Fax : +81-(0) project@giken.com 2015 GIKEN LTD. All Rights Reserved. Ver 1.0EN01 / 1 Feb 2015

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