Mudanças Climáticas Biodiversidade e Biogeoquímica. Jean Pierre Ometto (CCST/INPE) Mercedes Bustamante (UnB) Luiz A Martinelli (CENA/USP
|
|
- Chrystal Fletcher
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Mudanças Climáticas Biodiversidade e Biogeoquímica Jean Pierre Ometto (CCST/INPE) Mercedes Bustamante (UnB) Luiz A Martinelli (CENA/USP
2 Temas integradores da Conferência Observações e atribuição das mudanças climáticas Segurança alimentar Segurança hídrica Segurança energética Saúde Biodiversidade Desastres Naturais Monitoramento de Gases de Efeito Estufa Interfaces Ciência e Políticas Públicas em Mudanças Climáticas Zonas Costeiras e Oceanos Amazônia e REDD Modelagem do Sistema Terrestre Cenários climáticos para estudos de Impactos-Vulnerabilidade-Adaptação (IVA) Compartilhar realizações, sabedoria, conhecimento sentido de uma rede! M.Silva
3 Main Anthropogenic Drivers threaten tropical Biodiversity Habitat destruction and fragmentation, over-exploitation, invasive species Network and ecosystem functioning level. Loss of species can results in the loss of structure and functioning (Morris, 2010). Ecological functioning and ecosystem services are affected by the replacement of biological diverse system by mono species systems. Effects predicted in hydrological cylce, carbon stocks and flow, nitrogen dynamic, plant productivity, soil fertility, among others. Climate change can produce direct (change in temperature and precipitation patterns) and indirect effect on biodiversity and ecosystem services, including biogeochemical processes (for instance change in invasive species dynamic, and fire regime);
4 Climate and Biodiversity distribution Temperature and Precipitation as key factors for species distribution and, in general, abundance. Projected future annual average temperature and precipitation Temp. (C) RCP 4.5 PPT(mm) RCP 4.5
5 Figure SPM.5 Maximum speeds at which species can move across landscapes (based on observations and models; vertical axis on left), compared with speeds at which temperatures are projected to move across landscapes (climate velocities for temperature; vertical axis on right). Human interventions, such as transport or habitat fragmentation, can greatly increase or decrease speeds of movement. White boxes with black bars indicate ranges and medians of maximum movement speeds for trees, plants, mammals, plantfeeding insects (median not estimated), and freshwater mollusks. For RCP2.6, 4.5, 6.0, and 8.5 for , horizontal lines show climate velocity for the global-land-area average and for large flat regions. Species with maximum speeds below each line are expected to be unable to track warming in the absence of human intervention. [Figure 4-5]. IPCC AR%
6 Resourcers particioning
7 Specie diversity by major groups
8
9 Endemism and Hotspots Hotspots => at least 1,500 vascular plants as endemics and hosting 30% or less of its original natural vegetation Biodiversity Threatened Regions
10 Biodiversity Hotspots de High level of Endemism and fast loss of habitats
11 Wilderness areas Watson et al., 2016 (A) Historic (gray) and current (green) extent of all wilderness area, as well as the area lost since the early 1990s (red) across the world s terrestrial biomes. (B) The wilderness area lost (red) and protected (gray) during
12 Highly bio-diverse countries Latin America and the Caribbean is the region with the biggest number of highly diverse countries 50% of the tropical forests 33% of the mammals 35% of the reptiles 41% of birds species 50% of amphibious Among the 17 nation that host 70% of the intire planet biodiversity, Brazil is the most megadiverse
13 Some important threats for biodiversity in Brazil (INCT) Climate Change For the higher emission scenario (RCP 8,5) risk of changes in vegetation structure and forest impoverishment by the end of this century Increase in the extinction risk up to 16%, being South America the region with the highest susceptibility to the extinction. Extinction and changes in the distribution patters of native species, of cultural and nutritional value from Cerrado, shall cause socioeconomic impacts by Socioeconomic impacts also associated to reduction of pollinators already in 2030, for instance, native bee population at the Atlantic Forest region shall impact natural vegetation as well as agricultural production. Impact would worsen, reaching extinction of these insects by Biodiversity loss in the Brazilian coastal zones, in 2100 would impact food availability and regional ) (IPCC, 2013, Nobre etla l, 2015)
14 Vulnerable system Hierarchy Tipe Case Biomes Mata Atlântica Biodiversity hotspot Cerrado Biodiversity hotspot Caatinga Desertification / sensitivity Amazonia Savannization / sensitivity Ecosystems High altitude High thermal sensitivity Marine and coastal Sea level rising Urban Heat waves Species Threatened High ecological sensitivity Amphibian High ecological sensitivity Corals High ecological sensitivity Plants, mammals, birds Shift south
15 Land use Change in the Brazilian Biomes Sala et al Science Biodiversity Scenarios (2100)
16 Mudanças Climáticas Biodiversidade e Biogeoquímica
17 Aquatic ecosystems responses to climatic changes in the semi- Arid region of Brazil (Caatinga) Adapted from F Roland
18 Compilred information in the different biomes Literature Review and Meta Analysis Data being compiled based on biome distribution. Non georrreferenced data was not considered
19 N stable isotopes (δ 15 N) Species in the same habitat but uptaking different sources of nitrogen N in vegetation (w/o legumes) N in disturbed vegetation (including legume)
20 Soil Carbon Emissions Cerrado IIIa Com Nacional Feeding Emissions calculation and modeling
21 Some further contribution DGVMs have, in general, a poor representation of the plant funtional triats diversity in the tropics. This project contributed to: Developping a data base on functinal traits and temporal series on fenological responses to climate change; On the understanding of the effects of deforestaiton on the biogeochemistry of Brazilian biomes: Example: Significant stocks of N and P are lost from the ecosystem with forest clearing and burning In the Amazon region, pasture grasses demand less N (grass N:P = 16), so the pasture remains P limited Secondary forest vegetation requires more N (N:P = 35), so the depletion of N stocks during the pasture phase results in N limitation during regrowth of the secondary forest following pasture abandonment Multiple burns accelerate the nutrient degradation process
22 Vegetation Type 2050: RCP4.5, LandUSE OFF, FIRE - OFF CCSM4 CSIRO-Mk GFDL-ESM2M GISS-E2-R HadGEM2-ES IPSL-CM5A-LR MIROC5 MRI-CGCM3 NorESM1-M 1-Tropical evergreen 2-Tropical deciduous 3-Temp. evergreen broadleaf 4-Temp. evergreen conifer 5-Temp. deciduous 6-Boreal evergreen 7-Boreal deciduous 8-Mixed forest 9- Savanna 10-Grass. Steppe 11-Dense shrubland 12-Open shrubland 13-Tundra 14-Desert 15-Polar desert / rock / ice
23 Vegetation Type 2050: RCP4.5, LandUSE ON, FIRE - ON CCSM4 CSIRO-Mk GFDL-ESM2M GISS-E2-R HadGEM2-ES IPSL-CM5A-LR MIROC5 MRI-CGCM3 NorESM1-M 1-Tropical evergreen 2-Tropical deciduous 3-Temp. evergreen broadleaf 4-Temp. evergreen conifer 5-Temp. deciduous 6-Boreal evergreen 7-Boreal deciduous 8-Mixed forest 9- Savanna 10-Grass. Steppe 11-Dense shrubland 12-Open shrubland 13-Tundra 14-Desert 15-Polar desert / rock / ice
24 Díaz et al. (2015) The IPBES conceptual framework connecting nature and people. Current Opinion in Environmental Sustainability 14:1-16.
Climate modeling, INPE's projections for the 21st century, and the distribution of Brazilian biomes
National Institute for Space Research INPE Earth System Science Center CCST Climate modeling, INPE's projections for the 21st century, and the distribution of Brazilian biomes Gilvan Sampaio gilvan.sampaio@inpe.br
More informationEARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE CENTER
EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE CENTER Jean Pierre Ometto jean.ometto@inpe.br www.ccst.inpe.br EARTH SYSTEM SCIENCE CENTER STRATEGIC GOALS Development and improvement of earth system models, monitoring networks and
More informationAmazonia. Manoel Cardoso, Gilvan Sampaio and Carlos Nobre
Combined deforestation and fire occurrence in long-term models of forests and savannas in the Brazilian Amazonia Manoel Cardoso, Gilvan Sampaio and Carlos Nobre Instituto Nacional de Pesquisas Espaciais
More informationIPCC FOURTH ASSESSMENT CLIMATE CHANGE 2007: IMPACTS, ADAPTATION AND VULNERABILITY
IPCC FOURTH ASSESSMENT CLIMATE CHANGE 2007: IMPACTS, ADAPTATION AND VULNERABILITY THE PROCESS! 394 Authors! 45 Review Editors! 4 Review Cycles! 1,183 Expert Reviewers! 49,610 Review Comments! Five year
More informationBIOMES. Living World
BIOMES Living World Biomes Biomes are large regions of the world with distinctive climate, wildlife and vegetation. They are divided by terrestrial (land) or aquatic biomes. Terrestrial Biomes Terrestrial
More informationOptions for Forest Management for Coping with Climate change in South Asia. Prof N H Ravindranath Indian Institute of Science Bangalore -12
Options for Forest Management for Coping with Climate change in South Asia Prof N H Ravindranath Indian Institute of Science Bangalore -12 Forests and South Asia (Total area = 76 Mha; 19% of land area)
More informationModelling the Impact of Climate Change on Forest Ecosystems
MID-CAREER TRAINING (MCT) FOR IFS OFFICERS (PHASE-IV) - SECOND CYCLE Modelling the Impact of Climate Change on Forest Ecosystems Dr. Rajiv Kumar Chaturvedi National Environmental Sciences Fellow Indian
More information9 147 www.worldpreservationfoundation.com Deforestation INTRODUCTIION Forests, the lungs of the planet, are under extreme threat. Up to a fifth of global greenhouse gas emissions come from deforestation
More informationThink Tank Award Webinar Climate change impacts on terrestrial biodiversity and ecosystems
Think Tank Award Webinar Climate change impacts on terrestrial biodiversity and ecosystems Prof. Dr. Josef Settele Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research; IPBES Global Assessment November 6th, 2017
More informationBiodiversity in the IPCC
WORKSHOP: CLIMATE CHANGE AND BIODIVERSITY FOR FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 13-14 February, 2008 Mexico Room (D211), FAO, Rome, Italy Organized by (FAO) and Bioversity International In partnership with the Platform
More information3.3 Human Impact on Biodiversity
3.3 Human Impact on Biodiversity Learning Goals: 1. Explain how human activities are reducing 2. Explain how logging and fires are reducing forest 3. Explain how human activities are reducing aquatic I.
More informationHideki Kanamaru Environment, Climate Change and Bioenergy Division, FAO 13 February 2008
Highlights of the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report (AR4) food, agriculture and ecosystems Hideki Kanamaru Environment, Climate Change and Bioenergy Division, FAO 13 February 2008 Observed changes since 1850
More informationWelcome to the Anthropocene. by Dr. John L. Hough Principal Technical Advisor - Biodiversity UNDP
Welcome to the Anthropocene by Dr. John L. Hough Principal Technical Advisor - Biodiversity UNDP The 5 th great extinction crisis Emergence of Homo sapiens The 6 th great extinction crisis 6 billion people
More informationWater and Climate Change. David Coates Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity Montreal Canada
Water and Climate Change David Coates Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity Montreal Canada Water and climate change How important is water? What do ecosystems have to do with it? How important
More informationWhat is Ecology? Abiotic (non-living) Biotic (living)
ECOLOGY What is Ecology? The scientific study of interactions among organisms and between organisms and their environment, or surroundings Factors involved in ecology Abiotic (non-living) Biotic (living)
More informationPreserving Biodiversity
CHAPTER 12 &13 Biodiversity & Preserving Biodiversity 12 Biodiversity on our planet is our greatest asset. Within this diverse collection of plants, animals, and other organisms, we have the power to provide
More informationAssessment of biodiverse grassland: Comments to ISCC Guidance Document Supplementing ISCC EU 202
slide 1 of 20 Assessment of biodiverse grassland: Comments to ISCC Guidance Document Supplementing ISCC EU 202 Ecologist M. Sc. Elson Fernandes de Lima Casa da Floresta Assessoria Ambiental Ltda. 8th ISCC
More informationBiodiversity the work of th Intergovernmental science-policy platform of biodiversity and ecosystem services
Biodiversity the work of th Intergovernmental science-policy platform of biodiversity and ecosystem services https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zezscdbbz-m&feature=youtu.be www.ipbes.net Picture from press
More informationBIOLOGICAL IMPACT ON TROPICAL SPECIES. Nicole (Cheng) Chan \ ID #
BIOLOGICAL IMPACT ON TROPICAL SPECIES Nicole (Cheng) Chan \ ID #0633719 Danger of losing bio-diversity & species in the tropicals What is biodiversity again? Life, the world, the variation of life for
More informationImpacts of Climate Change on Ecosystems
Introduction The main objective of the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change is to stabilise greenhouse gas concentrations in the atmosphere at a level which will avoid dangerous human interference
More informationLearning Objectives. Reading Assignment. Supplemental Resources. Unit Lesson. Learning Activities (Non-Graded) Key Terms
UNIT III STUDY GUIDE The Earth s Biomes, Biodiversity, and Conservation Reading Assignment Chapter 5: Biomes and Biodiversity Chapter 6: Environmental Conservation: Forests, Grasslands, Parks, and Nature
More informationIntroduction to Ecology p
Introduction to Ecology 19-1 p. 359-365 Essential Question 1. Identify three ways in which the expanding human population impacts the environment. 2. Describe the hierarchical levels of organization in
More informationClimate Change in Asia: Key Findings of IPCC AR5. Rodel D. Lasco
Climate Change in Asia: Key Findings of IPCC AR5 Rodel D. Lasco 1 Outline IPCC AR5 findings for Asia Case study: Typhoon Haiyan 2 31 March 2014 3 CLIMATE CHANGE 2014: IMPACTS, ADAPTATION, AND VULNERABILITY
More informationHotspots for GEC research: a primary focus of IGBP research
Gradual Climate Change or Tipping Points in the System? Carlos A Nobre Chair, International Geosphere-Biosphere Programme (IGBP) and National Institute for Space Research (INPE) of Brazil Hotspots for
More informationClimate and Biodiversity
LIVING IN THE ENVIRONMENT, 18e G. TYLER MILLER SCOTT E. SPOOLMAN 7 Climate and Biodiversity Core Case Study: A Temperate Deciduous Forest Why do forests grow in some areas and not others? Climate Tropical
More informationBen Sanderson National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder CO
RISK: Ben Sanderson National Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder CO Likelihoods of significant consequences Ice sheet collapse, Rapid Sealevel rise Impact Runaway greenhouse, Mass extinctions Widespread
More information3.2 Biomes and Aquatic Zones
3.2 Biomes and Aquatic Zones Learning Goals: 1. Identify a biome based on its temperature, precipitation, and dominant plant species. 2. Identify a marine life zone based on its location and amounts of
More information9/4/2013 CHAPTER 4 ECOLOGY AND GEOLOGY. Ecosystem. Ecology & Geology Linkage. Fundamental Ecology Terms. Natural Service Functions of Ecosystems
CHAPTER 4 ECOLOGY AND GEOLOGY Ecology & Geology Linkage Ecology Study of relationships between living things and their environments; the study of control factors over the distribution, abundance, and health
More informationScience Plan. Executive Summary. Introduction
Science Plan Executive Summary This Science Plan will establish and define the focus of the Peninsular Florida Landscape Conservation Cooperative (PFLCC) science investments. The data and products derived
More informationBackground information on Biodiversity, Ecosystem Services and Human Well-being
Background information on Biodiversity, Ecosystem Services and Human Well-being Glossary: Biodiversity: The variability among living organisms from all sources including, inter alia, terrestrial, marine
More informationChapter 18 Conservation of Biodiversity. Tuesday, April 17, 18
Chapter 18 Conservation of Biodiversity Module 59 The Sixth Mass Extinction After reading this module you should be able to explain the global decline in the genetic diversity of wild species. discuss
More informationThe Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity TEEB Brazil
The Economics of Ecosystems and Biodiversity TEEB Brazil Santiago, May 15, 2012 Index 1. Biodiversity in Brazil 2. TEEB Brazil approach 3. TEEB Brazil achievements 4. TEEB Brazil next steps 5. Timeline
More informationextinction rates. (d) water availability and solar radiation levels are highest in the tropics. (e) high temperature causes rapid speciation.
NOTE: Questions #57 100 that follow may have been based in part on material supplied by a textbook publisher. For that reason, the answers to them are provided free (as they were to the students that semester.
More informationWhat is Ecology? Includes land, air, and water as well as life. Living organisms are NOT distributed uniformly throughout the biosphere.
Ecology What is Ecology? Ecology is the study of the interactions of organisms with one another and with their physical environment. Biosphere - part of the Earth in which life exists. Includes land, air,
More information4/21/2013. Ecology. Ecology and the biosphere. Environments vary across the planet. Predictable air circulation patterns. Incidence of sunlight varies
Ecology The study of the interactions of organisms with each other and with the environment Ecologists work at all levels of biology from molecules to biosphere Ecology and the biosphere Chapter 52 Environments
More informationRole of biodiversity for high carbon ecosystems
http://commons.wikimedia.org/ www.tutorvista.com http://thebirdzoo.com/ Role of biodiversity for high carbon ecosystems Sandra M. Durán. PhD Candidate Dr. Arturo Sánchez-Azofeifa University of Alberta,
More informationTHE FIRST IRAQI NATIONAL REPORT TO THE CONVENTION ON BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY
THE FIRST IRAQI NATIONAL REPORT TO THE CONVENTION ON BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY CHAPTER I BIODIVERSITY VALUES MARSH Most Most important fresh fresh and and brackish water water system of of the the region Breeding
More informationEcosystems on land are grouped into biomes primarily based on the plant communities within them.
Section 2: Ecosystems on land are grouped into biomes primarily based on the plant communities within them. K What I Know W What I Want to Find Out L What I Learned Essential Questions How is latitude
More informationMILLER/SPOOLMAN 17 TH LIVING IN THE ENVIRONMENT. Chapter 7 Climate and Biodiversity
MILLER/SPOOLMAN LIVING IN THE ENVIRONMENT 17 TH Chapter 7 Climate and Biodiversity Core Case Study: Different Climates Support Different Life Forms Climate -- long-term temperature and precipitation patterns
More informationProjections of Climate Change and Some Implications for Ocean Ecosystems
Projections of Climate Change and Some Implications for Ocean Ecosystems R. K. Pachauri 29 th June 2013 Okinawa, Japan Director-General, The Energy and Resources Institute Chairman, Intergovernmental Panel
More informationHumans in the biosphere 6.1 A changing landscape
Humans in the biosphere 6.1 A changing landscape How do our daily activities affect the environment? Humans affect both regional and global environments Have major impacts on the quality of Earth s natural
More informationHabitat loss, degradation and fragmentation changes to the landscape evaluating the impacts. Guest Species at Risk Steph Hazlitt (BC)
Outline for the next 2 weeks Habitat loss, degradation and fragmentation changes to the landscape evaluating the impacts Guest Species at Risk Steph Hazlitt (BC) Guest Conservation a Mexican perspective
More informationSTUDY GUIDE SECTION 21-1 Terrestrial Biomes
STUDY GUIDE SECTION 21-1 Terrestrial Biomes Name Period Date Multiple Choice-Write the correct letter in the blank 1. The biome that is characterized by the presence of permafrost is called a. savanna
More informationBIODIVERSITY AND MEAT CONSUMPTION
BIODIVERSITY AND MEAT CONSUMPTION Impacts of meat consumption on biodiversity Carolyn Imede Opio Food and Agriculture Organization - FAO Outline 1. Global livestock sector trends 2. Key features important
More informationClimate change and Indo-Gangetic Basin (IGB)
Assessment of Climate sensitivity to present production system and evaluation of use of adaptation strategies to improve the livelihood security of small and marginal farmers of Indo- Gangetic Plains of
More information9/23/2013. Mass extinction events change the course of evolution and induce a dramatic shift in the types of organisms inhabiting the planet
Mass extinction events change the course of evolution and induce a dramatic shift in the types of organisms inhabiting the planet HABITAT LOSS, BIODIVERSITY, AND CONSERVATION Chapter 29 70 percent of species
More informationGLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS
GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS DR. SIREEN ALKHALDI, BDS, DRPH EPIDEMIOLOGY AND BIOSTATISTICS, 2 ND YEAR, 2017/ 2018 MEDICAL SCHOOL, THE UNIVERSITY OF JORDAN DEFINITION: ENVIRONMENT Environment is: The
More informationBLY 303 Lecture Notes, 2011 (O Brien) Introduction to Ecology
BLY 303 Lecture Notes, 2011 (O Brien) Introduction to Ecology I. Basic Concepts A. Ecology 1. Definition: study of the interactions that determine the distribution and abundance of organisms 2. Ecological
More informationWarm Up Exercise. Based on your knowledge of the carbon cycle, what do you think might happen if vast areas of forest are cleared?
Warm Up Exercise Based on your knowledge of the carbon cycle, what do you think might happen if vast areas of forest are cleared? The Role of Climate Weather- the day-to-day condition of Earth s atmosphere
More informationEcological Gap Assessment: An Overview
Ecological Gap Assessment: An Overview 1. What is a gap assessment? 2. Why is it important? 3. What are some general principles? 4. What are the major steps? 5. What can we learn from gap analysis? 1.
More informationChapter 3 Ecosystem Ecology. Tuesday, September 19, 17
Chapter 3 Ecosystem Ecology Reversing Deforestation in Haiti Answers the following: Why is deforestation in Haiti so common? What the negative impacts of deforestation? Name three actions intended counteract
More informationII. CLIMATE CHANGE AND ADAPTATION
II. CLIMATE CHANGE AND ADAPTATION Human beings have been adapting to the variable climate around them for centuries. Worldwide local climate variability can influence peoples decisions with consequences
More informationLIPI I INTRODUCTION. Local Agency for Disaster Management (BPBD) of Jambi Province Local Agency for River Basin Management (BPDAS) of Jambi Province
I INTRODUCTION FLOOD RISK AT BASIN & MICRO SCALE? Upstream Natural Forest Deforestation Plantation Local Agency for Disaster Management (BPBD) of Jambi Province Local Agency for River Basin Management
More informationThe Law of Conservation of Matter. Matter cannot be created nor destroyed Matter only changes form There is no away
Review Items Ecosystem Structure The Law of Conservation of Matter Matter cannot be created nor destroyed Matter only changes form There is no away Laws Governing Energy Changes First Law of Thermodynamics
More informationof ecosystems to climate change moderated by habitat intactness. Global Change Biology
Felix Eigenbrod 1, Patrick Gonzalez 2, Jadunandan Dash 3, and Ilse Steyl 1. 2015. Vulnerability of ecosystems to climate change moderated by habitat intactness. Global Change Biology 21: 275-286. 1. Centre
More informationMapping the Value of Ecosystem Services in Latin America and the Caribbean
Mapping the Value of Ecosystem Services in Latin America and the Caribbean Targeting ecosystems services for conservation reveals broader gains than a traditional focus on biodiversity might, according
More informationEcosystems: What Are They and How Do They Work? Chapter 3
Ecosystems: What Are They and How Do They Work? Chapter 3 Core Case Study: Tropical Rain Forests Are Disappearing Cover about 2% of the earth s land surface Contain about 50% of the world s known plant
More informationClimate Change and Aquatic Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture: State of Knowledge, Risks and Opportunities. Roger Pullin and Patrick White
Climate Change and Aquatic Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture: State of Knowledge, Risks and Opportunities Roger Pullin and Patrick White And they call this planet Earth? 24 27 October 2007 WAS
More informationBUILDING THE BRAZILIAN STRATEGY FOR Secretary of Biodiversity and Forests SBF Ministry of the Environment November 2013
BUILDING THE BRAZILIAN STRATEGY FOR 2020 Secretary of Biodiversity and Forests SBF Ministry of the Environment November 2013 THE BRAZILIAN BIODIVERSITY Brazil is the most biodiverse country in the world,
More informationEuropean Mapping activities and results
The Economics of Action 5 - Valuation of ecosystems and their services, INBO, Brussels 01-02 July 2015 European Mapping activities and results Markus Erhard European Environment Agency, Copenhagen markus.erhard@eea.europa.eu
More informationKeystone Biology Remediation B4: Ecology
Keystone Biology Remediation B4: Ecology Assessment Anchors: to describe the levels of ecological organization (i.e. organism, population, community, ecosystem, biome, biosphere) (B.4.1.1) to describe
More informationChapter 3: Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems
Chapter 3: Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems How would you describe your Community? Did you include your family and friends? Did you include your school? Did you include plants and animals? A biological
More informationEastern part of North America
Eastern part of North America Observed Change: Increase of 0.2 1.5 C, with the most warming in the northeast portion (USA, Canada). Mid-term (2046 2065): increase of 2-3 C, with the most warming in the
More informationstructural and functional variety of life forms at genetic, population, community, and ecosystem levels
Lecture 5, 8 Sept 2009 Biodiversity 506 meet 9am Wed in BSE129 Conservation Biology ECOL 406R/506R University of Arizona Fall 2009 Kevin Bonine Mary Jane Epps Biodiversity Readings Primack Ch2, Myers et
More informationJose A. Marengo, Jean Ometto, Carlos A. Nobre
Climatic and hydrological consequences of the large scale land use changes due to bio-fuel and soy bean production in tropical and subtropical South America Jose A. Marengo, Jean Ometto, Carlos A. Nobre
More informationThe Living Lands Project Aimee Weldon Living Lands Project Manager
The Living Lands Project Aimee Weldon Living Lands Project Manager Living Lands Project Defenders of Wildlife Our Mission: To support the work of local land trusts interested in conserving native wildlife
More informationChapter 4: Assessment of Terrestrial Ecosystems
1 Nov-24-2007 A. How have Ecosystems Changed? A.1. Ecosystem Structure Chapter 4: Assessment of Terrestrial Ecosystems We consider the following categories of systems on land: forest, cultivated, dry-land,
More informationUnit III Nutrients & Biomes
Unit III Nutrients & Biomes Nutrient Cycles Carbon Cycle Based on CO 2 cycling from animals to plants during respiration and photosynthesis. Heavy deposits are stored in wetland soils, oceans, sedimentary
More informationICCG Think Tank Map: a worldwide observatory on climate think tanks Arctic, Energy Poverty and Health in the Second Volume of IPCC s AR 5
ICCG Think Tank Map: a worldwide observatory on climate think tanks Arctic, Energy Poverty and Health in the Second Volume of IPCC s AR 5 Alice Favero, ICCG Arctic, Energy Poverty and Health Alice Favero
More informationNew findings from CMIP5 Long term climate change projection using the Earth Simulator
New findings from CMIP5 Long term climate change projection using the Earth Simulator H. Kondo Japan Agency for Marine Earth Science and Technology (JAMSTEC, Japan) (MEXT) Climate change projection using
More informationChapter 3: How Climate Change will Affect People Around the World. Lawrence Tse Chris Whitehouse
Chapter 3: How Climate Change will Affect People Around the World Lawrence Tse Chris Whitehouse Outline 3.1 Introduction 1 C 3.2 Water 2 C 3.3 Food 3 C 3.4 Health 4 C 3.5 Land + 3.6 Infrastructure 5 C
More informationOne way to value diversity the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment
One way to value diversity the Millennium Ecosystem Assessment Wolfgang Cramer Potsdam-Institut für Klimafolgenforschung (PIK) & Institut für Geoökologie, Universität Potsdam One way to value diversity
More informationChapter Four: Overview. Introduction to Environmental Geology, 5e. Case History: Endangered Trout. Ecology and Geology Linkage
Chapter Four: Overview Introduction to Environmental Geology, 5e Chapter 4 Ecology and Geology Jennifer Barson Spokane Falls Community College Linkages between geology with ecology and relationships with
More informationThe relationship between land use and climate change:
The relationship between land use and climate change: a historical overview By Rik Leemans Diatoms on the floating leaves of the waterlilly PhD Dynamics of boreal forests (seedlings & trees) IIASA Laxenburg
More informationEcology Review. Name: Date: Period:
Ecology Review Name: Date: Period: 1. Define the terms ecology and ecosystem. Ecology - The study of the interactions among organisms and their environment Ecosystem - collection of all the organisms that
More informationREDD PAC. (REDD+ Policy Assessment Centre)
REDD PAC (REDD+ Policy Assessment Centre) This project is part of the International Climate Initiative. The Federal Ministry for the Environment, Nature Conservation and Nuclear Safety supports this initiative
More informationNBSAP The policy document for Cambodia s biodiversity and ecosystem services. K. Jo Mulongoy IPSI-6, Siem Reap, Cambodia Jan. 2016
NBSAP The policy document for Cambodia s biodiversity and ecosystem services K. Jo Mulongoy IPSI-6, Siem Reap, Cambodia Jan. 2016 8 points in 8 minutes National Biodiversity Strategy and Action Plan (NBSAP)
More informationGREENHOUSE GAS INDUCED CHANGES IN THE FIRE RISK IN BRAZIL IN ECHAM5/MPI-OM COUPLED CLIMATE MODEL. F. Justino 1, A. S. de Mélo 1.
GREENHOUSE GAS INDUCED CHANGES IN THE FIRE RISK IN BRAZIL IN ECHAM5/MPI-OM COUPLED CLIMATE MODEL F. Justino 1, A. S. de Mélo 1 1 Universidade Federal de Viçosa, Departamento de Engenharia Agrícola fjustino@ufv.br
More informationTarget 11 & PoWPA Sarat Gidda CBD Secretariat Montreal
Target 11 & PoWPA Sarat Gidda CBD Secretariat Montreal October 2010: Nagoya Biodiversity Summit Epoch making for Biodiversity policy Programme of Work on Protected Areas 2004- COP 7 Establishment and maintenance
More informationComparison of CMIP5 and CMIP3 climate model precipitation projections in California
Comparison of CMIP5 and CMIP3 climate model precipitation projections in California Jianzhong Wang, Hongbing Yin, and Francis Chung Bay-Delta Office, Department of Water Resources, California CMIP3 and
More informationBattle for the Biosphere
Battle for the Biosphere Biome: A large community of plants and animals that occupies a distinct region e.g. the Tropical rainforest. Biosphere: The parts of the land, sea and atmosphere where organisms
More informationClimate Change, Human Activities, and the State of New Jersey. Michael J. Kennish Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences Rutgers University
Climate Change, Human Activities, and the State of New Jersey Michael J. Kennish Institute of Marine and Coastal Sciences Rutgers University New Jersey Climate and Environmental Change Conclusions from
More information8/7/18. UNIT 5: ECOLOGY Chapter 15: The Biosphere
UNIT 5: ECOLOGY Chapter 15: The Biosphere I. Life in the Earth System (15.1) A. The biosphere is the portion of the Earth that is inhabited by life 1. Biosphere- part of Earth where life exists a. Includes
More informationPALM PLANET Can we have tropical forests and our palm oil too?
CHAPTER 12 BIODIVERSITY PALM PLANET Can we have tropical forests and our palm oil too? 12 PALM PLANET Can we have tropical forests and our palm oil too? Biodiversity on our planet is our greatest asset.
More informationGlobal warming of 1.5 C: IPCC s approach to producing Reports during the Sixth Assessment Cycle (AR6)
Global warming of 1.5 C: IPCC s approach to producing Reports during the Sixth Assessment Cycle (AR6) WGII: Impacts, Adaptation and Vulnerability Hans O. Pörtner, CLA Ocean Systems AR5 WGII Ch. 6 AR5 Synthesis
More informationApplication of Phase 6 Watershed Model to Climate Change Assessment
09/24/2018 Application of Phase 6 Watershed Model to Climate Change Assessment STAC Workshop: Climate Change Modeling 2.0 September 24, 2018 Gopal Bhatt 1 and Lewis Linker 2 1 Penn State, 2 US EPA Presentation
More informationSimCLIM for ArcGIS Climate
SimCLIM for ArcGIS Climate Manual 1.4 Sep 2017 Prepared by: Dr Yinpeng LI Mr Matthew Dooley Dr Peter Urich 2 P a g e 1. Introduction This document introduces and explains the SimCLIM for ArcGIS add- in.
More informationby 2010 or beyond and what are the implications for the Convention on Biological Diversity?
6. What are the prospects for reducing the rate of loss of biodiversity by 2010 or beyond and what are the implications for the Convention on Biological Diversity? Biodiversity will continue to decline
More informationRestoration in the Context of Global Change
Objectives Introduction to global change biology Land transformations Alterations of biodiversity Extinctions (-) and Invasions (+) Alterations of global biogeochemical cycles N, H 2 O, C Climate Change
More informationThreats to Forest Ecosystem Health Activities together influence ecosystem structure & function
Threats to Forest Ecosystem Health Activities together influence ecosystem structure & function introduced species poor management air pollution global warming habitat fragmentation American Chestnut From
More informationDistribution Limits. Kangaroo Distributions and Climate. Kangaroo Distributions and Climate
Distribution Limits Physical environment limits geographic distribution of a species. Organisms can only compensate so much for environmental variation Kangaroo Distributions and Climate Caughley found
More informationMeans of forest management to adapt to climate change Seppo Kellomäki
Means of forest management to adapt to climate change Seppo Kellomäki University of Joensuu, Faculty of Forest Sciences, Finland Contents Climate change Impacts and vulnerabilities Adaptation with a case
More informationTropical Forests in a 4oC+ World Yadvinder Malhi Environmental Change Institute School of Geography and the Environment Oxford University, UK
9/29/29 Tropical Forests in a 4oC+ World Yadvinder Malhi Environmental Change Institute School of Geography and the Environment Oxford University, UK 1 Projected temperature change under A2 emissions scenario
More informationThe importance of landscapes
Restoring Biodiversity and Forest Ecosystem Services in Degraded Tropical Landscapes Dr. John A. Parrotta U.S. Forest Service, Research & Development Washington, DC, USA The importance of landscapes Ecosystems
More informationTerrestrial Net Primary Productivity - introduction
TNPP Lancaster Dec 2013 Terrestrial Net Primary Productivity - introduction E Tipping Centre for Ecology & Hydrology Lancaster UK Background In current UK-based research projects within the NERC BESS and
More informationSustainable intensification and climate change mitigation
Sustainable intensification and climate change mitigation [Mercedes Bustamante and Ch. 11 team IPCC WGIII AR5] [University of Brasília] Montpellier March 16 18, 2015 Agriculture Changes through time Agriculture
More informationSNC1D BIOLOGY 5/10/2013. SUSTAINABLE ECOSYSTEMS L Biomes (P.16-17) Biomes. Biomes
SNC1D BIOLOGY SUSTAINABLE ECOSYSTEMS L Biomes (P.16-17) Biomes Areas of the world that have a similar climate and similar organisms are known as biomes. Desert, coral reef, tundra, and tropical rainforest
More informationProf. Carlos A. JOLY
The BIOTA/FAPESP Program: a well succeeded Brazilian experience to use scientific data to improve biodiversity conservation and restoration within the Atlantic Forest domain in SE Brazil. Prof. Carlos
More informationLesson 3.1. Canada's Biomes. As you go down the list, the terms include more and more biotic and abiotic factors. 3.1 Canada's Biomes.
Lesson 3.1 Canada's Biomes Jun 4 7:26 PM As you go down the list, the terms include more and more biotic and abiotic factors. May 17 2:04 PM 1 Biome a large geographic area with a similar climate Biosphere
More informationThe Climate Threat & Conservation
The Climate Threat & Conservation Facing Certainty & Uncertainty T. Kittel Brazil Global Seminar 2012 University of Colorado Study Abroad 2012, T. Kittel, Institute of Arctic and Alpine Research, University
More information