Introduction of Local Autonomy College

Transcription

1 Introduction of Local Autonomy College 1

2 Who we are : A part of Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications CABINET GOJ Minister s Secretariat Personnel and Pension Bureau Cabinet Office Administrative Management Bureau National Public Safety Commission Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications (MIC) Ministry of Justice Ministry of Foreign Affairs Ministry of Finance Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare Local administration Bureau Local Public Finance Bureau Local Tax Bureau Global ICT Strategy Bureau Information and Communications Bureau Telecommunications Bureau Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry Statistics Bureau, Director-General for Policy Planning Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport Ministry of the Environment Ministry of Defense Environmental Dispute Coordination Commission Fire and Disaster Management Agency Local Autonomy College 2

3 Who we are : The only national training Institution in Japan for Local Public Employees General administrative employees Employees of prefectural govt. Employees of municipal govt. Local Autonomy College Long-term training ranging from 2 weeks to 6 months Japan Academy for Municipal Personnel Short-term training for 10 days or less Japan Intercultural Academy of Municipalities for 20 days or less and concerning world cultures Training institutes managed by local public entities (74) Fire-prevention personnel (municipal employees) Police personnel (prefectural employees) Educational personnel (prefectural employees, etc.) Fire and Disaster Management College Fire academies managed by local public entities National Police Academy Police academies managed by local public entities National Center for Teachers Development Training institutes managed by local public entities 3

4 Mission of LAC Develop the capacity of future executives in local governments 4

5 Functions of LAC: Primary function is providing high level training Provide high-level training for local public employees Serve as a network-hub for all the training institutes of local public entities Conduct studies on local autonomy 5

6 4 courses based on the size of the local government and the rank of the trainees Division trainees annually, 6 months*2 times For section chiefs of prefectures and designated cities Division trainees annually, 3 months*3 times For section chiefs of cities, towns and villages Special course for Division 1 & trainees annually, 3 weeks + distance training (e-learning) For female officials of prefectures and municipalities Division trainees annually, 3 weeks For the supervisory personnel of prefectures and municipalities Trainees are selected by their local authorities, not by LAC. 6

7 Who we are : Small organization, Collaboration with Outside Experts President Advisor to the President Personnel of the Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communications: Personnel dispatched from local governments: 14 3 General Affairs Section Instruction Department Lecturers room Research Department Personnel affairs Accounting Management of goods and facilities Planning of training programs Selection of instructors Trainee-related affairs Lectures and seminars Collection of training documents Survey and study on training methods Survey and study on local autonomy International cooperation Outside Experts : Front-line academics, public officials, etc.

8 What we put emphasis on : Leadership & Problem Solving Skills Items which we ask trainees for self - evaluation Sense of mission as public servants Problem finding / Problem solving skills Policy formulation ability Management capacity

9 Why we put emphasis on Leadership & Problem Solving Skills Leaders who can think for themselves are needed in local communities because of Strong presence of public sector especially in rural areas Decrease in the number of local public employees Need to address unprecedented policy challenges

10 Strong presence of public sector especially in rural areas 1 Local economy s high dependence on the expenditure of public sector Red : Most dependent Blue : Least dependent (FY 2013) Osaka: 19.0% Okinawa : 39.4% Tottori : 41.6% Shiga : 18.9% Iwate : 39.5% National Average: 28.8% Tokyo : 17.7% Kochi : 44.4% Shimane : 41.0% Mie : 18.8% Aichi : 15.0% Formula: (Government Final Consumption Expenditure + Public Capital Formation) / GDP Source: Cabinet Office Projects managed by local governments have strong impact on local economies.

11 Strong presence of public sector especially in rural areas 2 In regional cities and towns, most capable people of early 20s often seek the job opportunities for Local Government Office. Reasons why they choose LG Office STABILITY? Relatively high salary? No other attractive job opportunity? Attachment to hometown? Severe competition Conducting competitive exam is required by Local Public Service Act. Ex: Competitive rate at Fukuoka Prefectural Office 10~ 15 Local Government Office often retains the Best & Brightest talents in their region.

12 Decrease in the number of local public employees Units: thousand employees % Decrease in 2 decades Progress of Decentralization Business Transfer : Central Gov. Prefecture, Prefecture City, etc FY Source: Ministry of Internal Affairs and Communication Do More with Less needs effective leadership.

13 Size of public sector is relatively small compared with other advanced countries. 90 The number of public officials per thousand of the population Agency of Central Gov. Central Gov. Local Gov France UK US Germany Japan (2012) (2012) (2012) (2011) (2013) Source: National Personnel Authority

14 Enhancement of Local Government s Authority through Business Transfer Business Transfer Central Government Prefecture City / Town / Village Ex. Designation and supervision of training institutions for nurse Permits of transportation services that use private vehicles for the residents in a depopulated area Ex. Permits of opening hospitals Designation of regulated area pertaining to noise, vibration, offensive odors Visit to a house of a premature baby to give some advice about baby care Mixed feelings among Local Governments toward Decentralization We want more business transfer to enhance the quality of service for citizens. Unless transfer of fiscal resources with business, we don t want business transfer. We don t want to be busy.

15 Need to address unprecedented policy challenges Take one example of issues relating rapid aging society in Japan Abandoned Farmland Source: Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries Aging in farming sector is now approaching the LIMIT. Revitalize? Diversion? Leave as it is? Administrative initiative is expected from citizen in many cases. It is only Local Government and Citizen that can determine the future direction of their own town.

16 Local Public Employees prefer STABILITY in their work and career, 16

17 but now, they have to cope with CHANGES surrounding them to meet high expectations toward them in local community. 17

18 In order to accommodate CHANGES, LPEs have to think what to do for themselves, even though it s more comfortable for them to repeat the way they have managed their business. 18

19 LAC is providing future executives in local governments with their opportunities to learn various topics on administrative issues so that they can broaden their mind. to interact with trainees from various backgrounds so that they can understand the ways they do business in their hometown are NOT the absolute ones. 19

20 What we teach 1 : Basic knowledge through Lectures Why basic knowledge matters for experienced LPEs? LPEs are good at office processing but not always good at understanding the background of the process, which is crucial for high level decision making. Law & Economics Constitution Administrative law Civil law Economics Fiscal science Public policy Medical care in the community Environmental protection Multiculturalism promotion Promoting active female participation Management of public facilities Disaster risk management Local administrative and financial system Local government system Local civil service system Local government finance Decentralization Administrative practice Legislation Civil access to information held by LG Utilization of ICT City promotion 20

21 What we teach 2 : Exercises on policy formulation through Group works Group work among trainees with different backgrounds is one of the great opportunities to train their leadership in LAC. Examples of the theme of Group Works: Civil participation Disaster prevention Elderly/Child care Revitalization of local economy Urban planning Environmental protection 21

22 How we teach: Constant efforts to improve the program Shift emphasis from Lectures to Group Works Establish new training courses - Specialized policy courses Tax collection, Accounting Auditing and Administrative evaluation - Short term course for female LPEs - Cooperative courses with graduate schools National Graduate Institute for Policy Studies School of International and Public Policy, Hitotsubashi University

23 Good reputation of trainees Boss for dispatching undertaking In most cases, they come back to hometown with more confidence, and more wide views on society. Personnel section They tend to take promotional exam more willingly. Trainees themselves Human network is the most valuable asset I got in LAC.

24 Track Records Prefectures : 7 Vice Governors Cities : 46 Mayors Towns & Villages : 57 Mayors 60,000 alumni across the country

25 Thank you for your kind attention. 25