AQ INFORMATION SYSTEM IN THE CZECH-POLAND BORDERLAND

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1 AQ INFORMATION SYSTEM IN THE CZECH-POLAND BORDERLAND Blanka Krejčí, Vladimíra Volná, Václav Novák, Jana Ostatnická Czech Hydrometeorological Institute

2 Content Characterization of the polluted area in the NE border region of Moravia and Polish Silesia Why? Development? Since when? Accelerating international Czech-Polish cooperation, ongoing projects in the region (an international cooperation for improving the air quality) Czech experience with the air quality data reporting

3 Polluted area Europe Annual average concentration PM Some of the biggest problems of the air pollution in the Czech Republic are high concentrations of suspended particulate matters (PM 10, PM 2, 5 ) and benzo(a)pyrene exceeding limit values. Source: EEA Report No 4/ Czech Republic Annual average concentration PM 2.5 at stations in 2011 Source: Air Pollution and Atmospheric Deposition, the Czech Republic 2011, AQIS.

4 Benzo(a)pyrene Czech Republic Field of annual average concentration of benzo(a)pyrene in the ambient air in 2011 EEA Report No 4/2012: Exposure of the European population to BaP concentrations above the target value is significant and widespread in central and eastern Europe. Europe Source: Air Pollution and Atmospheric Deposition, the Czech Republic 2011, AQIS. Most problems can be found in the NE part of the CR Source: EEA Report No 4/2012

5 North-East CZ-PL borderland area The air quality in the NE CZ-PL borderland region is in the conflict with national law and the international obligations of the Czech Republic to the EU. Air pollution sources: industry transport local heating cross-border transfer Upper Silesian Basin Areas with deteriorated air quality with regard to health protection limit values, 2011 South-West foreland of Upper Silesian Basin extends to Czech territory Source: Air Pollution and Atmospheric Deposition, the Czech Republic 2011, AQIS. Upper Silesian metropolitan area: population of about 5.3 million inhabitants, many conurbations, heavy industry

6 Historical roots Carboniferous sediments; Territory was inhabited already years ago 1763: 1 st coal mining concession; industrialization, steelworks and railways construction... transformation of agricultural land to the industrial mining landscapes In the 2 nd half of the 20th century region`s nickname: Steel Heart of the Republic 1 st half of the 90 years of the last century: the downturn of metallurgical and chemical industries, in combination with the closing excavated mines R. Voženílek

7 Particles trends Northern Moravia-Silesia CZ region In the early 90 th proceeded: strong restructuring of the industrial production mining industry reduction, desulphurization of thermal power plants, introduction of more efficient dedusting filters... A significant reduction of pollutants in the air. Cumulative PM 10 concentrations [µg/m3] (left scale) Solid particles emissions [t/year] (right scale) Source: AQIS

8 Air quality from 2005 Despite of the implementation of legislation and the limit values to EU standards it was found that these steps and the decrease of pollutant concentrations in the air are not enough. Percentage of the EU urban population exposed to air pollution exceeding acceptable EU air quality standards (top) and WHO air quality guidelines (bottom) Positive trends of the proportion of the EU urban population exposed to pollutant concentration levels above the limit and target values unfortunately are not reflected in our polluted area yet. Source: EEA Report No 4/2012

9 CZ Public Defender of Rights investigation Results of the investigation to the state of the air in NE CZ-PL borderland region: The competent authorities still haven't used all legal instruments to rectify the situation. Ombudsman Suggestions: To create joint program of the air quality improvement with the use of EU Structural Funds. To involve also representatives of the European Commission as impartial arbiters into the negotiations with Poland. To assign more restrictive emission limits and lower emission ceilings to large industrial companies. To penalize citizens for waste and illegal materials incineration in domestic boilers. To support the creation of long-term epidemiological studies corresponding recommendations of the WHO. To enforce a greater range of preventive steps for children.

10 Public opinion Civic initiatives struggles to improve the air Demonstrations for the improvement of the air quality Happenings Discussed British documentary Exposure: The Factory Our experience: There is a different public opinion on the importance of air pollution problems on both sides of the border.

11 Existing information system in CR CHMI website National and regional scales AQI AIM data in charts Air pollution actual maps Tabs data reports Actual / annual overview

12 Accelerating international Czech- Polish cooperation In recent years took place bilateral meetings with representatives of the Ministries of the Environment. Working groups have been established. The interest of the public about the situation and the causes of the air pollution is increasing. There are ongoing discussions and speculations about the impact of cross-border transfer of pollutants from Poland to the Czech Republic and in the opposite direction. The agreement: There is no simple solution. Improving actions must be implemented simultaneously.

13 Air Silesia Based on previous information and cross-border co-operation of some institutions, the Air-Silesia project was formed. The main aim is to create the first common regional information system on air quality in the Czech-Polish border region of Silesia and Moravia so that possible causes of pollution could be evaluated and so that outputs from the system clearly and intelligibly show the status and causes of pollution to experts and citizens on both sides of the border.

14 Air Silesia 07/ /2013 The Information Air Quality System in the Czech-Polish Borderland of Moravian-Silesian Region OPPS, ,CZ.3.22/1.2.00/ , Supported by the Ministries of Environment in the Czech Republic and Poland. Project partners: IPIŚ PAN (Institute of Environmental Engineering Air Pollution Department of the Polish Academy of Sciences), IMGW-PIB (Institute of Meteorology and Water Management - PL), GIG (Central Mining Institute - PL), CHMI (Czech Hydrometeorological Institute - Ostrava branch), VSB TU (Technical University of Ostrava - CZ), ZU OVA (Institute of Public Health in Ostrava - CZ)

15 AIR-Silesia region in the European context Source: EEA Report No 4/ and-maps/figures/airbase-exchange-of-information-3/pm concentration

16 Air Silesia measurements... to obtain more detailed information on the air quality from locations where the information was missing. Already the first results of air pollution measurements, brings new knowledge. Linking so far isolated, self-processed data from the Czech Republic and Poland helps to extend and clarify the knowledge about the behaviour of a complex system of factors that influence the air pollution levels in the area as a whole.

17 Air Silesia project objectives The common information system for the entire region The major benefit of the project: detailed information about the air pollution and the complexity of this crossborder problem will be available to the public. The results will be available in both languages with the transmission of air quality data in real time. Citizens will be fully informed about the current air quality situation so that they could adapt their activities (mainly in terms of health). The information system will continue after the project.

18 Air Silesia project objectives Development of short-term air pollution forecasting in the area The application of a predictive forecasting air pollution model is prepared. Forecasts will be published to the official Air-Silesia project website.

19 Experiences with the air quality data reporting current status Czech Ministry of Environment commissioned the Czech Hydrometeorogical Institute (CHMI) to administer nationwide air pollution and the emission registry fulfill selected reporting obligations. Air Pollution Data are stored in the Air Quality Information System (AQIS) AQIS is consisted from three main databases: air pollution data, emission data, data on the quality of atmospheric precipitation CHMI operates AQIS under database system ORACLE 10g CHMI is in the position NRCs for Air Quality in Czech Rep. Monthly ozone exceedances (2002/3/EC) Annual report (questionnaire) on air quality (2004/461/EC) EoI Data (97/101/EC) To minimize the manual work with data, special programs were created to obtain appropriate information from the AQIS database.

20 Experiences with the air quality data reporting new reporting This year the Czech Republic joined the Pilot group countries preparing to the reporting under AQ Directive IPR 2011/850/EC COMMISSION IMPLEMENTING DECISION of 12 December 2011 laying down rules for Directives 2004/107/EC and 2008/50/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council as regards he reciprocal exchange of information and reporting on ambient air quality(2011/850/eu) Our effort is to automate the new Reporting even more. We are creating a completely new superstructure over the AQIS. We chose the way of extension and incorporation of the new Reporting to the current system.

21 Experiences with the air quality data reporting new reporting Basic information from which we have drawn: Draft version of a part of the IPR Guidance, split by DG-ENV, consisting in the part on data records Ambient Air Quality Portal (EEA) usefull documents etc. AQD data model for testing - schemata by Kathi Schleidt & Barbara Magagnal

22 Experiences with the air quality data reporting new reporting The first outputs for testing occurred during July Examples of published Czech XML (UTD-E2a) files on Ambient Air Quality Portal are available at: Roadmap for future works Prepare the creation of files - type (B) Information on zones and agglomerations (Article 6). GIS information will be linked to the data in the AQIS database because they are not part of it.

23 Thank you for your attention!