The Costs of NO Wellhead Protection. -- all cases from Maine

Transcription

1 The Costs of NO Wellhead Protection -- all cases from Maine

2 WHP Essentials

3 Maine s s Zone 1 Thanks to Robert G. Gerber, 1988: Zone 1: defined by 200 day groundwater travel time Because viruses are known to live 150 days in groundwater. Best management - only forest No septic systems.

4 Maine s s Zone 2 Zone 2: 2,500 day groundwater travel time Because it may take 7 years to discover and remediate spills Best management: low density residential, light agricultural, forest. No landfills, gasoline stations, potential spill sites, sand & salt piles, etc.

5

6 Sand and Salt Piles in Sabattus Sabattus Water District Well (abandoned) The Salty Story: From 1969 to 1975: Hardness 115 to 215 ppm Chloride 40 to 140 ppm Town Garage, source of salt contamination

7 Costs for Sabattus New Production Well, Pumphouse and pipeline connection: $158,000 in 1976 ($605,000 in 2011$) Costs not included : Town, Regional Planning, USGS, State Highway Dept and Bureau of Health.

8 Gasoline and MTBE in Norway/Oxford 30 day ttz 200 day ttz Norway Well 2,500 day travel time zone =Contamination threats

9 Costs for Norway Total $600,000 ($1,000,000 today) including: $387,000 investigation & remediation $147,000 emergency water from Paris $16,000 Water District additional studies

10 Solvents in Lisbon Moody well Electronics Factory Cornshop well

11 Lisbon geological cross-section section

12 Costs for Lisbon Total cost between $860,000 ($1,430,000 today) and $2.6m, including: $450,000 Installation of GAC filter $420,000 O&M for 6 years $1,000,000 Remediation & Monitoring $660,000 Water Main to Lewiston Not including legal and consulting fees, & staff time for DEP, DWP & Maine People s s Alliance

13 Landfill Leachate in Pittsfield Backup PW-1 production well Closed Landfill PW-2 Abandoned production well

14 Costs for Pittsfield Total Costs approx. $1,550,000 including: $25,000 Drought related costs for Well #1 $300,000 Install, then abandon Well #2 $80,000 Additional landfill monitoring $1,000,000 Well #3 and piping = $2,220,000 in 2011 dollars

15 Something in the River, Guilford/Sangerville Fabric Factory, source of contamination Water District Production Wells

16 Costs for Guilford/Sangerville Total Costs $236,000 ($453,000 today) including: $ 6,000 pumping to waste $10,000 test drilling $10,000 bottled water $100,000 consulting $100,000 sampling & analysis ($220,000 by Woolen Mill)

17 Summary of Types of Costs Costs included some in the following: Emergency Water Supplies Water Treatment Well Replacement Groundwater Remediation Legal fees, public upset, health effects

18 Modeling Groundwater Flow to Avoid Drawing in Contaminants Case Study: the New Well in Ashland, New Hampshire

19 Pemigewasset River Esker Gravel Aquifer Contamination By Ethylene Dibromide (EDB)

20 Assume Flat River Gradient Pumping Rate 350 gpm EDB Spill Plume

21 Pumping Rate 250 gpm

22 River Gradient 0.2 feet Across Model Domain (N to S)

23 Up to 650 gpm

24 Extreme Drought Condition 12 inches Per year Well pumps 350 gpm

25 Wet Year: 30 inches of Recharge Well pumps 350 gpm

26 42 inches of Precipitation 21 inches of Recharge Well Pumps 350 gpm