EPR Systems for packaging waste. De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July 2017

Transcription

1 EPR Systems for packaging waste De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July 2017

2 Contents Introduction EPR The Netherlands Government Colombia Collection systems De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

3 Mark Donders Several sales & marketing functions Sales Manager at Knowaste Diaper Recycling Manager Collection and Recycling at Nedvang Dutch EPR system Member Technical Working Group Expra European EPR systems 2016 present Director / Owner at De Bries BV Waste Management and more... De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

4 Producer responsibility EPR (REP ) De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

5 Extended Producer Responsibility EPR EXPRA EPR THE NETHERLANDS An environmental policy approach where a producer is responsible for the entire life cycle of its product in order to meet legal obligations. this means that the producer is responsible for designing its products with materials that are the least damaging to the environment and in such a way that the recycling of the product is optimized. Furthermore, the producer is responsible for the collection and treatment of its products, with a focus on recycling. Extended producer responsibility means that producers or importers are responsible, or share responsibility, for the management of the products that they have or will put on the market when these products are discarded. This responsibility can be agreed upon voluntarily (and where desired supported by the Minister responsible for a universally binding agreement on a waste management fee) or through legislation. Instruments for promoting producer responsibility are generally used in combination with other instruments, e.g. the introduction of landfill bans and landfill tax levies. De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

6 From a linear to a Circular Economy De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

7 EPR & Circular Economy Packaging cycle Packaging manufacturer Contract agreements Financed by fees Filler/bottler Material for new products New products Packed product EPR Packaging Recovery Organization Recycling / Recovery Sorting Retail trade Local Authority s Waste Management Company Collection & Sorting Consumer De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

8 Packaging recycling boundary conditions Consumer behavior Cooperation Collection Recycling Administrative system Cognitive aspects Communication Home situation Financial situation Definition of roles Financial compensation Types of waste Infrastructure Frequency Cleanliness Costs Availability Quality Costs Data collection: contracts Data analysis: completeness Accuracy Reliability Governmental control De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

9 Consumer behavior Branding recycling! Event Thoughts Feeling Behavior Specific consumer situation Function of packaging Environment Separate collection Recycling Attention Awareness Behavior De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

10 Cooperation Definition of collective function and appointment of roles for: o Collection o Sorting o Recycling o Communication o Reporting Discussion and agreement on: o Remuneration ( ) o Reporting obligations and transparency o Control Between: o Government o Municipalities o Producers - Importers De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

11 Collection o Curbside bring banks municipal amenities o Frequency o Pay as you throw o Treatment: recycling, incineration, landfilling/dumping De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

12 Sorting and recycling oavailability oquality ocosts De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

13 Administrative system Process o Collection o Verification and control o Analysis o Reporting o Feedback Quality o Accuracy o Reliability o Completeness o Reproductive De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

14 Stakeholders EPR - System Obliged industry (food/beverages, retail, non-food) EPR organizations Material producers Packaging producers Municipalities Waste management companies (collection, recycling) Recyclers Authorities (national governments, inspection agencies) Politicians (local and national) De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

15 Is this EPR? De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

16 Roll and resposibility of the producers importers Fillers? They have a responsibility for the packaging put on the market! Make sure and think thoroughly about the packaging for your product. Design for recycling Stimulate recycling, by putting more recycled BUT NOT materials AT ALL COSTS in the packaging. Give the example. Responsibility for putting it on the market. It is a shared responsibility Producers/importers of packed products feel responsible and want to contribute, but also to control the budget and expenses De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

17 EPR -Systems De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

18 Different implementation policies Policy Description Responsible for collection Ministerial system Ministry takes care of all reporting Responsible for reporting / organization Financial contributor Decision on contribution size Cost for obliged industry Municipalities Ministry - - none Packaging tax Obliged industry pays a packaging tax Municipalities Ministry Obliged industry Ministry high Public fund Obliged industry pays a packaging tax for Ministry and to finance EPR Municipalities or obliged industry Obliged industry Obliged industry Ministry high Voluntary industry compliance Obliged industry may declare packaging on the market on a voluntary basis Municipalities or obliged industry Obliged industry Obliged industry Obliged industry low Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) Obliged industry is fully responsible for declaration of packaging on the market and recycling Municipalities or obliged industry Obliged industry Obliged industry Obliged industry moderat e De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

19 Policy implementation PT IS IE ES UK FR NL BE LU DE NO SE DK CH IT FI EE LV LT BY PL CZ SK AT SI HR RS RO BA BG AL GR UA RU TR Single EPR system Multiple EPR system Public Fund Ministerial system Packaging tax No system / unknown De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

20 EPR in Practice In general: obliged companies contribute financially to an organization that on their behalf organizes the collection and recycling of packaging waste By organizing public tenders for owned collection infrastructure, or By organizing public tenders together with municipalities, or By agreeing to receive data and to provide feedback to municipalities The EPR organization assists and advises obliged companies to implement eco design and packaging waste prevention strategies Differences in member states: some have only 1 EPR organization, others have more EPR organizations De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

21 The Dutch EPR system A little bit of history De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

22 Introduction of The Netherlands 16,8 million inhabitants in The Netherlands Surface: km 2 Density: 448 people/km 2 47% of the people lives in large cities 25% of population: pay-as-you-throw 391 municipalities Municipalities design their collection infrastructure Mandatory deposit on PET beverage bottles of 1 liter or more Weight of municipal waste: 9.5 million tons (8.3 million tons from households) De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

23 71 Residuos en Cifras Junio ,4 millones de toneladas de basura de 7,7 millones hogares holandeses en el 2015 (un total de kt) Cantidad de residuos producidos en Holanda en el 2014 (un total de kt) Residuos domésticos Productos eléctricos y electrónicos Consumidores Residuos domésticos voluminosos Desechos de jardinería Tráfico y transporte Residuos de construcción Muebles utilizables Agricultura Desechos biodegradables Metales Industria Papel y cartón Residuos de madera Comercio, servicios y gobierno Empaques de vidrio Escombros no contaminados Construcción Textiles Schone grond Energía Desechos químicos mínimos Otros Aguas residuales Envases de plástico Agua potable 471 Tratamiento de residuos Bron Bron Un habitante de Holanda produce Se recicla el 77% de las 497 kilogramos de residuos al año 59 millones de toneladas de residuos Cantidad de electricidad producida por el sector de residuos (en GWh) Suministro de energía por el sector de residuos (en TJ) Emisión de gases de efecto invernadero por sector de residuos (1 GWh = 109 Wh) (1 TJ=1012J) 24 (En millones de m 3 ) El sector de residuos emplea a personas La energía a partir de residuos produce el 20% de energía renovable Bron: Oficina Central de la Estadística (CBS), Ministerio de obra públicas y medio ambiente y agencia de estadística Eurostat 23

24 Waste management in the Netherlands Innovative collection concepts 1912: first waste incineration plant Introduction of the waste hierarchy 1979 Introduction of landfill taxing First PAYT initiative Obligation to collect plastic packaging First separate collection Packaging covenant I EU Directive on packaging EPR for packaging Packaging agreement II Packaging agreement I Sustainability agenda 2040 De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

25 History in packaging waste management Covenants with industry to provide data, no legal consequences if data are not delivered: no full coverage of companies poor data + lack of compliance EU comments on the Dutch system, asking for a different implementation Industry wishes to cancel the mandatory deposit system 2006: Introduction of Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) for packaging 2009: Full release of separate plastic packaging waste collection 2012: Redesign of the system 2013: Full focus on documented audit/control, transparent reporting 2016: All waste companies and municipalities are reporting data to the EPR - System De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

26 From EU regulation into national legislation 1994 Packaging and packaging waste directive 2008 Waste Framework Directive 2006 Packaging decree 1979 Waste management law National waste management plans Responsibility for the collection of packaging waste Producers and Importers Shared responsibility Municipalities and companies Packaging agreements ( , ) Environment ministry Municipalities Producers and importers De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

27 The Challange How to build EPR within existing market Basic constraint: municipalities are responsible for the organization and design of their collection infrastructure The line of thought: interfere as little as possible, try to achieve the lowest possible cost for society Leave roles and responsibilities as much as possible as they are Define roles and responsibilities in an official document Provide remuneration for packaging waste collection and reporting at standardized cost (not necessarily all cost) Provide transparent reporting to the government: all parties have to show transparency Provide enough competition: municipalities contract via tenders De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

28 The first EPR-system Tax system Government Tax Revenues go into country s treasury Producenten/ importeurs Packaging put on the market mandaat Wastefund (Government-Municipalities-Producers) Contributions ( ) Gemeenten Afvalbedrijven Annual report of recycling and reuse Prevention Annual report of collection and recycling to the government Data checking and control De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

29 How does the Dutch system works ? De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

30 How does the Dutch system works? Paper Plastic Glass Metal Collection Municipalities Recycling Municipalities Roll of the municipality is important! Reporting Producers - Importers De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

31 Results Material Target (EU) Target (NL) Result 2013 Result 2014 Result 2015 Glass 60% 90% 80% 80% 83% Paper/board 60% 75% 88% 86% 85% Plastics 22,50% 42% 47% 51% 51% Metals 50% 85% 93% 93% 95% Wood 15% 25% 22% 25% 45% Recycling (total) 55-80% 2008: 65% 70% 71% 72% Recovery (total) 60% 2008: 70% 76% 76% 76% Long history and standards (infrastructure, social awareness) for separate collection Because of the long tradition in separate collection and infrastructure, Dutch targets are higher than EU targets Not only individual packaging material targets, but also a recycling target for all materials together Data are controlled thoroughly, which could lead to an underestimation of recycling De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July 2017

32 What will help! Government issues Incineration Landfill Recycling De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

33 Different systems - VANG VANG = van afval naar grondstof From Waste to Raw material. Government In 2020 at least 75% of the household waste has to be recycled Call for action at the municipalities! o Inverted collection o More wastebins at home o Pay as you throw o No service on residual waste (rest waste) collecting it ones a month De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

34 Composition of Dutch PMD 5% Metal cans 61% Plastic packaging 10% Tetra 2% other packaging 9% non plastic packaging WARNING This is growing 3% Collection bags 10% Rest waste De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

35 Colombia Government Producers / importers Municipalities Waste companies Households Waste pickers Sorting / Eca De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

36 Communication Targets Agreement Government Companies Targets Municipalities Households EPR - Organisation DATA gathering Households Products Waste Recyclebles Collection Residual EPR -EPR System SYSTEM Companies Landfill De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July 2017

37 Colombia Do and dont s for EPR on packaging Agreement with all parties involved Set up good rules and regulation Achievable goals Help of government with stimulating actions for recycling Roll and help of municipalities Reporting system that is verifiable and validated by accountancy Start simple Use existing infrastructure and professionalize Design for recycling Build a system with maximum of recycling at lowest possible costs Only one system for Colombia Producers and Importers have to make one organization with a mandate of all the companies De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

38 Importance of Communication Everybody has a role in this: Government Municipalities Producers / Importers TV and Radio Advertorials On packaging Municipalities And so on. De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

39 Some collection systems De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

40 Lund (Sweden): making collection more convenient De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

41 Oslo (Norway): making collection more convenient Customer survey Separating waste in colored bags at home Together into sorting, detection by NIR Amsterdam thinks about introducing a similar pilot project De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

42 Rotterdam: paying for waste streams De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

43 Rotterdam: paying for waste streams De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

44 Waste Picker Dutch version Collection at home 2 times a week 4 streams: Restwaste Diapers Biowaste PMD (Plastic-Cans-Tetra) A key factor for separation and success is service and convenience De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July

45 Muchas gracias Mark Donders E: T: De Bries BV Smart solutions for a cleaner World Waste Management July 2017