Compendium of. Sanitation Technologies in Emergencies. Stockholm World Water Week 2017 I August 30, Compendium of

Transcription

1 Compendium of Compendium of Sanitation Technologies in Emergencies Sanitation Technologies in Emergencies Stockholm World Water Week 2017 I August 30, 2017

2 Agenda 09:00 Existing Sanitation Challenges: Reflections from Recent Emergencies Franck Bouvet, Global WASH Cluster 09:10 The Compendium of Sanitation Technologies in Emergencies Robert Gensch, German WASH Network 09:30 Round Table Discussion Structure: How to best reflect the complex and multifaceted nature of disasters (different phases, contexts etc.) in a simple, systematic and comprehensible document structure Dissemination: How to create a constant learning platform and living document via a Compendium online platform, corresponding trainings etc. The dissemination pathway from information provision to learning. Synergies: Potential synergies and compatibility with other ongoing activities like Sphere, HIF, SSWM etc. 10:15 Summary from the Tables 10:30 End of the Session Page 2

3 Multi Agency Publication Financially supported by: Page 3

4 Why? Currently no up-to-date compilation of sanitation technologies for emergency settings available Lots of recent developments in the sector particularly on FSM Existing EmerSan publications with limited/no focus on entire sanitation service chain In recent years humanitarians had to deal increasingly with LRRD issues, longer-term protracted crisis and urban contexts with an increased need to also take sustainability aspects into account Page 4

5 What it is Compendium of Sanitation Technologies in Emergencies Humanitarian counterpart publication to existing Eawag Compendium of Sanitation Systems and Technologies Expert peer-reviewed systematic emergency sanitation hardware overview that covers entire sanitation service chain Disaggregation of existing technologies into their functional components Providing clarity on terms and vocabulary used for technologies and involved products Mainly capacity development tool Partly a decision support tool referring to key decision criteria and cross cutting issues that need to be considered Linked to online version (living document) Page 5

6 Structure I N T R O D U C T I O N Background and Target Audience Structure and Use of the Publication Emergency Scenarios/Phases and Implication for Sanitation Infrastructure Sphere Excreta Disposal Standards and Indicators Compendium Terminology, System Template and Technology Selection 1 Inclusive, Equitable and Gender-Sensitive Design 2 Handwashing Facilities 31 Inclusive, Child Excreta Equitable Management and Gender-Sensitive Design Key Decision Criteria T E C H N O L O G Y O V E R V I E W C R O S S C U T T I N G I S S U E S T E C H N O L O G Y O V E R V I E W 6 Robustness and Durability 11 Resilience and Preparedness 7 Dry and Water-Based Systems 12 C R O S S C U T T I N G I S S U E S Market-Based Programming 86 Exit Robustness Strategy, and Hand-Over Durabilityand Decommissioning of Infrastructure Basic Resilience Assessment and Preparedness Requirements 42 Hygiene Handwashing Promotion Facilities and Community Mobilisation 97 Institutional Dry and Water-Based and Regulatory Systems Environment 12 Market-Based Programming 53 Child Rehabilitation Excreta Management of Existing Infrastructure 108 Urban Exit Strategy, Settings Hand-Over Protracted and Decommissioning Scenarios of Infrastructure 4 Faeces Hygiene Promotion and Community Mobilisation Urine Anal Cleansing Water Faeces Dry Cleansing Materials Anal Cleansing Water Flushwater Dry Cleansing Materials Greywater Flushwater Stormwater Greywater Organics 9 Institutional and Regulatory Environment O N -S I T E T R A N S P O R T O F F -S I T E T E C Collection/Storage H N O 10 L (on-site) O G Y I N F O R M A T Conveyance I O N S H E E T STreatment (off-site) Collection / (Pre-) Treatment Emptying Transport Intermediate O N -S I T E T R A N S P O R T O F F -S I T E 5 Rehabilitation of Existing Infrastructure Urban Settings and Protracted Scenarios Input User Interface Input Urine User Interface U1 Dry Toilet Urine Diversion U2 Dry Toilet U3 Urinal U1 Dry Toilet U4 Flush Urine Toilet Diversion U2 Dry Toilet U5 Controlled Open Defecation U3 Urinal U6 Shallow Trench Latrine U4 Flush Toilet U7 Bags with Treatment Option U5 Controlled Open Defecation U6 Shallow Trench Latrine U7 Bags with Treatment Option Storage Deep Trench S1 Latrine S2 Borehole Latrine S3 Single Deep Trench Pit Latrine S1 Latrine S4 Single VIP Latrine S2 Borehole Latrine S3 S4 S5 S6 Collection/Storage (on-site) Collection / Storage Single Pit Latrine Single VIP Latrine Double Pit Systems Raised Latrine Container-Based S7 S5 Double Toilet Pit Systems S17 Lime Treatment (Pre-) Treatment Urea Treatment S18 LAF Treatment S19 Lime Treatment S17 Caustic Soda S20 Urea Treatment S18 LAF Treatment S19 Caustic Soda S20 C1 Manual Emptying C2 Motorised Emptying and Transport C3 Simplified Sewer C1 Manual Emptying C4 Conventional Gravity Sewer C2 Motorised Emptying and Transport C5 Stormwater Drainage C3 Simplified Sewer Conveyance Manual/ Motorised C6 Transport Storage Transfer Station C7 & Storage Emptying Transport Intermediate Storage C4 Conventional Gravity Sewer C5 Stormwater Drainage Manual/ Motorised C6 Transport 13 Transfer Station C7 & Storage Basic Assessment Requirements Treatment (off-site) T1 PRE-Treatment Anaerobic Baffled T2 Reactor T3 Anaerobic Filter T1 PRE-Treatment T4 Biogas Anaerobic Reactor Baffled T2 Reactor Constructed T5 T3 Wetland Anaerobic Filter T6 Trickling Filter T4 Biogas Reactor Sedimentation T7 Constructed T5 Ponds Wetland Unplanted Drying T8 T6 Bed Trickling Filter Planted Drying T9 Bedg Sedimentation T7 Ponds Dewatering T10 Systems Unplanted Drying T8 Bed Use and/or Disposal Use and/or Disposal D1 Stored Urine D2 Dried Faeces Pit D3 Humus D1 Stored Urine D4 Sludge D2 Dried Faeces D5 Fill Application and Cover of Pit D3 Humus Surface Disposal, D6 Burial, Application Storage of D4 Sludge D7 Leach Field D5 Fill and Cover D8 Soak Surface PitDisposal, D6 Burial, Storage D9 Irrigation D7 Leach Field Page 6 Water Disposal, D10 D8 Recharge Soak Pit

7 Structure T E C H N O L O G Y O V E R V I E W C R O S S C U T T I N G I S S U E S 1 Inclusive, Equitable and Gender-Sensitive Design 6 Robustness and Durability 11 Resilience and Preparedness 2 Handwashing Facilities 7 Dry and Water-Based Systems 12 Market-Based Programming 3 Child Excreta Management 8 Exit Strategy, Hand-Over and Decommissioning of Infrastructure 13 Basic Assessment Requirements 4 Hygiene Promotion and Community Mobilisation 9 Institutional and Regulatory Environment 5 Rehabilitation of Existing Infrastructure 10 Urban Settings and Protracted Scenarios Input User Interface O N -S I T E T R A N S P O R T O F F -S I T E Collection/Storage (on-site) Collection / Storage (Pre-) Treatment Conveyance Emptying Transport Intermediate Storage Treatment (off-site) Use and/or Disposal Urine U1 Dry Toilet Deep Trench S1 Latrine Lime Treatment S17 C1 Manual Emptying Manual/ Motorised C6 Transport Transfer Station C7 & Storage T1 PRE-Treatment D1 Stored Urine Faeces Urine Diversion U2 Dry Toilet U3 Urinal S2 S3 Borehole Latrine Single Pit Latrine Urea Treatment S18 LAF Treatment S19 C2 Motorised Emptying and Transport C3 Simplified Sewer Anaerobic Baffled T2 Reactor T3 Anaerobic Filter D2 Dried Faeces Pit D3 Humus Anal Cleansing Water U4 Flush Toilet S4 Single VIP Latrine Caustic Soda S20 C4 Conventional Gravity Sewer T4 Biogas Reactor D4 Sludge Dry Cleansing Materials Flushwater U5 Controlled Open Defecation U6 Shallow Trench Latrine U7 Bags with Treatment Option C5 Stormwater Drainage Constructed T5 Wetland T6 Trickling Filter Sedimentation T7 Ponds D5 Fill and Cover Surface Disposal, D6 Burial, Storage D7 Leach Field Greywater S5 Double Pit Systems Unplanted Drying T8 Bed D8 Soak Pit Stormwater S6 Raised Latrine Planted Drying T9 Bedg D9 Irrigation Organics Container-Based S7 Toilet S8 Chemical Toilet Dewatering T10 Systems T11 Co-Composting Water Disposal, D10 Recharge D11 Use of Biogas S9 Single Vault UDDT Vermi- T12 Composting D12 Fish Ponds S10 Double Vault UDDT S11 Pour Flush Twin Pit S12 Aqua Privy S13 Septic Tank T13 Activated Sludge Heat application, T14 Pellets, Pyrolysis Waste Stabilisation T15 Ponds T16 POST-Treatment S14 Anaerobic Baffled Reactor S15 Anaerobic Filter S16 Worm-Based Toilets Page 7

8 Technology Sheet Emergency Phase Application Level Management Level Killer Criteria Space required Technical complexity Inputs/ s Simple Drawing Short description Key design considerations Materials needed Applicability Operation and Maintenance Costs Software considerations Strength Weaknesses Key resources & QR code Page 8

9 Timelime June July August September October November December Jan Feb Mar Development of First Draft SWWW 2017 Review Round 1 Processing of Comments & Development of 2. Draft Review Round 2 Processing of Comments & Development of Final Version Layout & Production Launch (GWC Annual Meeting) Page 9

10 How to Become Involved Review process about to start right after the Water Week (September 2017) We are still looking for organisations/individuals with experience/expertise on specific technologies to become involved in the reviewing process Become involved in the later dissemination Provide your input as part of this session particularly on the document structure, dissemination options and synergies with other initiatives Contact: (or approach us after the session) Page 10

11 Thank You Page 11

12 Round Table Discussion Table 1 Structure: How to best reflect the complex and multifaceted nature of disasters (different phases, contexts etc.) in a simple, systematic and comprehensible document structure? Table 2 Dissemination: Dissemination options and how to create a constant learning platform and living document via a Compendium online platform, corresponding trainings etc. ) Table 3 Synergies: Potential synergies and compatibility with other ongoing activities like Sphere Revision, Humanitarian Innovation Fund Initiatives, SSWM Toolbox etc. Page 12

13 SuSanA WG8 Meeting (Emergency Sanitation) Page 13