Current Circumstance of Ballast Water Management System

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Julie Cora Craig
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1 The 3 rd Asian Shipbuilding Experts Forum Current Circumstance of Ballast Water Management System Hitachi Plant Technologies, Ltd. Yoshiharu Numata

2 Contents 1. Issues on current trend and effect of IMO ballast water convention 2. Current trend on R&D progress in this field in Japan 3. Hitachi Ballast Water Purification System Introduction of Clear Ballast

3 Overview and ratification trend on Ballast Water Convention Ballast Water Convention International Maritime Organization (IMO * ) Feb Regulations for the control and management of ships ballast water and sediments (Ballast Water Convention) was adopted. Large amount of aquatic organisms in ballast tank Environmental issues (Settlement and procreation) Spread of epidemic Ratification Trend Requirement of ratification Ratifying countries :over 30 Total shipping tonnage :over 35% Current as 31 st of Oct Ratifying countries :18 countries Total chipping tonnage :15.36% Ratifying countries (Requirement could be fulfilled by EU ratification.) Total shipping tonnage (Panama s trend is marked.) 2

4 Application of Ballast Water Convention Date of regulation application Application to a ship constructed during 2009 is reserved by annual survey held in year-end end of 2011 (second class annual interim survey) Regulation is retroactively applied to a ship constructed after 2010 Construction Period (Keel Lay) Before 2008 (Retrofit) During 2009 to 2011 (Newly-built ship) After 2012 (Newly-built ship) Ballast Water Capacity Less than 1500m 3 Greater than 1500m 3 and less than 5000m 3 Greater than 5000m 3 Less than 5000m 3 Greater than 5000m 3 All the ships Time line :Application A ship constructed in 2009 A ship constructed in 2010 A ship constructed in

5 Guideline (1) All the guidelines were adopted by MEPC58 ( ) Guideline Date of adoption (MEPC) Sediment Reception Facilities (G1) (55) Ballast Water Sampling (G2) (58) Ballast Water Management Equivalent Compliance (G3) (53) Ballast Water Management And Development Of Ballast Water Management Plans (G4) (53) Ballast Water Reception Facilities (G5) (55) Ballast Water Exchange (G6) (53) Risk Management (G7) (56) Approval Of Ballast Water Management Systems (G8) (53) 4

6 Guideline (2) Guideline Procedure For Approval Of Ballast Water Management Systems That Make Use Of Active Substances (G9) Approval And Oversight Of Prototype Ballast Water Treatment technology programs (G10) Ballast Water Exchange Design And Construction Standards (G11) Design And Construction To Facilitate Sediment Control On Ships (G12) Date of adoption (MEPC) (53) (54) (55) (55) Additional Measures Regarding Ballast Water Management Including Emergency Situations (G13) (56) Designation Of Areas For Ballast Water Exchange (G14) (55) 5

7 Regulations of Ballast Water Discharge Organism group Organisms > 50μm (individuals/m 3 ) Organisms 10 50μm (individuals/ml) IMO e.g. USCG STEP PHASE-1 PHASE-2 <10 <10 <0.1 <10 <10 <0.1 E. coli (cfu/100ml) <250 <250 <126 Enterococcus group (cfu/100ml) <100 <100 <33 Vibrio cholerae (cfu/100ml) < 1 <1 <1 Bacteria (cfu/100ml) - - (<1000) Virus (cfu/100ml) - - (<10000) It is extremely important not only to meet regulation of water quality, but also to consider environment. 6

Issues for Ratification of Convention Key Point System formulation as

ild and device manufacturers Management of water intake Device

etc.) Management of Discharge Sampling and danalysis (Self-management,

8 Issues for Ratification of Convention Key Point System formulation as well as device development Coalition between ship owners, shipbuilders ild and device manufacturers Management of water intake Device Development (applied to all ships) Arrangement (Retrofit, Hazardous area, etc.) Management of Discharge Sampling and danalysis (Self-management, PSC corresponding) Crew training Sediment management (either in dock) Emergency planning 7

9 Common issues (1) Control of water intake Fluctuation (draft, etc.) P Ballast pump Restriction of water treatment Ballast water treatment system (Fixed rate of treatment) Ballast tank or Discharge Is it necessary to adjust water intake under rated treatment capacity? Controlling intake valves with flow indicators 8

10 Common issues (2) Sampling (G2) General requirement Sampling device of water suction with constant speed at compliant location laid by guideline Port state control corresponding Establishment of analysis method (including simple analysis), and evaluation method Development of on-line bio monitoring device 9

11 Common issues (3) Sediment Control(Article5 B-5 G1 G12) Facilities accepting sediment Less advanced trend on facilities to accepting sediment Major issue : treatment t t of sludge from cleaning and repairing ballast water tank Hull structure Design of ballast water tank, and hull structure to avoid sediment accumulation in ballast water tank Major issue : treatment of sludge from cleaning and repairing ballast water tank More discussion on these issues is necessary for details. 10

have to be discussed by experts from various fields.

12 The clock is ticking Cladoceran Water Flea Cholera North American Comb Jelly North Pacific Seastar Mitten Crab Area of devastation This will have to be discussed by experts from various fields. Zebra Mussel Toxic Algae (Red/Brown/ Green Tides) Round Goby Asian Kelp European Green Crab 11

13 Trend of development progress in Japan Manufacturers Method Basic G9 Final Hitachi Plant Coagulation and Technologies Magnetic Separation Approved Approved Under exam Mitsui Engineering and dship-buildings ildi and The Japan Association of Marine Safety, Pj Special-pipe+O3 Approved G8 Under exam JFE Engineering Filter + Hypochlorous acid + Venturi (Cavitations) Approved Under exam SHINKO Special-pipe + Paraclean Approved KURARAY TAIKO SNAGYO Sumitomo Electric Industries Nonwoven Filter + Solid form chemicals Heat sterilization Magnetic Separation 12

14 Mitsui Engineering and Ship-buildings and The Japan Association of Marine Safety, Pj SP-Hybrid (O) Method Active Substance Special-Pipe + O3 O3 + Byproduct special pipe p ozonizer * From catalogue 13

15 JFE Engineering JFE-BWMS Method Active Substance Filter + Hypochlorous acid + Venturi (Cavitations) Hypochlorous + Byproduct * From catalogue 14

16 Hitachi Plant Technologies Method Active Substance Coagulation and Magnetic Separation Coagulants (used for drinking water process) + Magnetic Powder 15

17 : Concept Consideration to environment Simultaneous solution No pollution by chemicals in discharged water Drastic reduction of mud sedimentation (SS & Dead marine organisms) Application of coagulation method 16

18 : Mechanism of Coagulation Mechanism of coagulation &flocculation (surface neutralization + bridging ) + Surface neutralization Fine particles (sand, plankton, pathogens, etc) Inorganic coagulant Micro flocs + Bridging Micro flocs High polymer flocculants Floc 17

19 : Coagulation and Magnetic Separation Suspended solids (Sand, etc.) Plankton, Pathogens, etc. Magnetic powder Coagulant Inorganic & high polymer S N Ferromagnetic floc Raw water Coagulation Magnetic separation Purified water Ferromagnetic floc Magnet Water after flocculation Magnetic separation Purified water 18

: Process Diagram (Water Treatment) Coagulation reactor

Uniformly mixing Growth of flocs Separation of ferromagnetic

coagulants Magnetic disks Collected floc Filter washing spray

20 : Process Diagram (Water Treatment) Coagulation reactor Flocculation reactor Magnetic separator Filter separator Uniformly mixing Growth of flocs Separation of ferromagnetic flocs Inorganic coagulants & magnetic powder High polymer coagulants Magnetic disks Collected floc Filter washing spray Filter drum Sea water Ballast tank Retention time 30sec Retention time <2min Separation time <10sec 19

21 : Process Diagram (Collected Flocs Treatment) Funnel Main Facilities in ships Emission Emission use heat boiler Steam Drain (2) Discharge overboard Treatment Device of Collected Flocs (1) Reuse of magnetic powder (Heat sterilization or Drying treatment) Collected Flocs Hitachi Ballast water treatment system 20

22 : Feature (1) Clear Treated Water Stable Removal Performance (Non Seawater Condition-based (Turbidity, Salinity) Effective Application of Treated Water (Preprocess for Desalination) Propagation Inhibition of Pathogens and Plankton in Ballast Tank Mud with high possibility of organisms propagation are reduced Spawn of organisms and mold spore are removed Phosphorus as necessary nutrition for organisms growth is removed Seawater (Raw Water) Water after Coagulation Water after Magnetic Separation Treated Water Mud 21

23 : Feature (2) Safety to Environment Eco-toxicity test, which is relevant to G9, shows that non-diluted treated water is safe enough to be discharged into sea G9 Final Approval was granted to this system Safety to Ships Treated water has no impact on coating of tanks and piping (1000-hour test of spraying treated water onto test piece shows the safety) Others Ballast water treatment is operated only during ballasting Small electric power is required and it facilitates protection-proof design This treatment System is safe to environment, ships and humans 22

24 : Land Based Test (1) Organism group Influent water Treated water after 5 days storage In control after 5 days storage Organisms > 50μm 5,700,000 <1 7,200,000 (individuals/m 3 ) RQ >100,000 RQ<10 RQ>100 Organisms 10 50μm 15,000 <1 1,100 (individuals/ml) RQ >1,000 RQ<10 RQ>100 All the analysis items 18,000 <1 1,600 E. coli (cfu/100ml) of treated water - RQ<250 - Vibrio cholerae <1 meet <1 <1 (cfu/100ml) D-2 - standard. RQ<1 - Enterococcus group (cfu/100ml) <1 <1 <1 - RQ<100 - RQ: IMO Requirement 23

25 : Land Based Test (2) Inspissations of Sampled Water (with 50 microns mesh) Sampled Control Water (After inspissations : 1m 3 50mL) Sampled Treated Water (After inspissations : 1m 3 50mL) The employed method removes pollutants in water Therefore microscopy and pathogens cultivation tests are easy 24

26 : On-board test (1) Result of organisms removal performance Organism group Sea water Treated Untreated (Influent) ballast water ballast water Organisms > 50μm 31,603 <1 8,392 (individuals/m 3 ) RQ >100 RQ<10 RQ>10 The treatment performance by this system Organisms 10 50μm 125 <1 15 (individuals/ml) id RQ >100 is All the analysis items RQ<10 RQ>10 not influenced by 2 water quality <1 conditions. <1 E. coli (cfu/100ml) of treated water (e.g.turbidity,salinity) - RQ<250 - meet Vibrio cholerae 2.3 <1 <1 (cfu/100ml) D-2 - standard. RQ<1 - Enterococcus group <1 <1 <1 (cfu/100ml) - RQ<100 - RQ: IMO Requirement 25

27 : System Specifications Specification Ballast pump scale =System scale (m 3 /h) 200 Unit type One of this system features is Device size 20ft bulk container 20ft bulk container 2 Package type ft bulk container 1 Its small consumption of electric power m3/h-13kW Block piece type Coagulation 400m3/h-23kW reactor 1200 Flocculation reactor Magnetic separator Filter separator 1600 Chemical injectors Operation control panel H 35m 2 Foot Print 52m 2 Foot Print 69m 2 Foot Print 26

28 Inquiries Environmental Preservation and Water Treatment t Sales Div. Strategic Marketing and Planning Dept. Osamu Hatomi TEL: FAX: osamu.hatomi.jk@hitachi-pt.com Environment Preservation & Water Treatment Group Environmental Solution Div. New Business Promotion Dept. Shigeki Kobayashi TEL: FAX: shigeki.kobayashi.uf@hitachi-pt.comkobayashi com 27

Ballast water treatment market. Opportunities for technologies in the light of regulation changes

Analysts report Ballast water treatment market Opportunities for technologies in the light of regulation changes Executive summary Current status: surging market are the primary driver behind the ballast