Microwave-Induced Plasma Gasification & Pyrolysis for the Treatment of Solid Fuels
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1 Microwave-Induced Plasma Gasification & Pyrolysis for the Treatment of Solid Fuels Lois Ricketts MSc BSc Stopford Energy & Environment Andy Shaw PhD MSc BEng Liverpool John Moores University IChemE 11/03/14
2 Stopford Energy & Environment Group Overview
3 Our Organisation Established in 1982 A leading multidisciplinary process technology, energy & environment consultancy Offices in Cheshire, Lancaster, Luton and London
4 Capabilities Process Engineering Mechanical and Piping Design Civil and Structural Engineering Electrical, Control and Instrumentation 3D Modelling Safety Consultancy Project Management Construction Management Procurement
5 Clients
6 Microwave-Induced Plasma
7 Direct Current Plasma High temperatures (~5000 C) achievable causing improved organic-inorganic separation efficiencies High calorific value syngas produced Toxic compound destruction (e.g. dioxin and furans) Secondary vitrified product from inorganic content High CAPEX & OPEX costs Requires high waste volumes to be economically viable Technology & Commercial Plants still in infancy High Parasitic Load
8 Microwave-Induced Plasma All benefits of direct current plasma Improved energy efficiency Lower CAPEX and OPEX Economically viable at smaller scales Lower maintenance costs as no electrodes required Ability to auto-strike plasma Proven technology (microwaves)
9 Waveguide Design
10 Waveguide Design
11 Waveguide Design
12 Waveguide Design
13 Microwave-Induced Plasma for Energy from Waste Project: Carbon Abatement Technology Funding: Technology Strategy Board (TSB) Phase I: 12 month project proof of concept project to test the viability of microwaveinduced plasma for the gasification of mixed wastes and biomass. Phase II: 3 year project to develop a 20 kg/hr (160 t/a) microwave-induced plasma gasification demonstration system. The system will be developed and trialled on waste streams created by project partner United Utilities. Other project partners include Liverpool John Moore s University and Finnings UK.
14 Phase I Reactor 1 kw 2.45 GHz magnetron 200 x 200 x 250 mm mild steel box 100 mm removable sight glass ~40 g batch charge Plasma gas inlet (argon at 1 L min -1 ) Pressure gas inlet (nitrogen at 1 L min -1 ) Stainless steel crucible
15 Crucible Designs
16 Plasma Plume Generation
17 Plasma Interaction Penetration of plasma at 1.2 kw Increased penetration of plasma at 1.4 kw
18 Thermal Trials Aim: To determine the syngas composition, evolution, and calorific value (CV) from microwave-induced plasma treatment of mixed waste materials Waste Types Trialled Commercial & Industrial Waste (C&IW) Biomass Screenings Waste Sludge Cake
19 Thermal Trials Calorific Value Waste Type Waste NCV (MJ/kg), AR Condition Syngas NCV Range (MJ/m3) C&IW 9.5 Pyrolysis Biomass 16.3 Pyrolysis Screenings Waste 6.1 Gasification Sludge Cake 1.2 Gasification
20 Vol % Vol % Vol % Gas Evolution Gas Evolution (Screenings) CO2 CO CO2 CO Time (s) Time (s) 70 Left: 1.1 % O 2 Right: 5.9 % O 2 Bottom: 10.8 % O CO2 CO Time (s)
21 Intermediate Reactor 2 kg/hr Designed to: Gain more representative gas and thermal data Test multiple plasma operation Reduce risks associated with scale up to demonstration reactor
22 Intermediate Reactor
23 The Future To produce a 20 kg/hr demonstration facility for commissioning in 2015 To deploy the reactor at United Utilities WwTW in Ellesmere Port, UK, for continuous operation To optimise the process to accept a range of different waste types To design bespoke systems to satisfy customer requirements for small-scale biomass/waste to energy schemes
24 Acknowledgements Stopford would like to thank its project partners: Liverpool John Moores University United Utilities Finning & project funders Technology Strategy Board
25 Thank you Stopford Energy and Environment Ltd Providers of the complete technology development solution For further information contact us (0)
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