Renewable Energy Sources Applications in the residential sector and Investments in large commercial systems

Transcription

1 Cyprus Energy Agency Renewable Energy Sources Applications in the residential sector and Investments in large commercial systems Supported by the European Commission through the Intelligent Energy- Program and the Cyprus Union of Communities 1. Cyprus Energy Agency Official start date of activities: 9/2/2009 Co-financing: 75% by the European Commission through the Intelligent Energy for Europe program 25% by the Cyprus Union of Communities

2 1. Cyprus Energy Agency Specific Targets: Promotion of Renewables Promotion of energy efficiency Promotion of sustainable transport/mobility 1. Cyprus Energy Agency Location: Nicosia 20, Lefkonos Street 2064, Strovolos

3 1. The CEA Team Anthi Charalambous Director Savvas Vlachos Energy Specialist Maria Ioannidou Energy Education Harris Kordatos Environmental Protection Orestis Kyriakou Energy Management Presentation s Structure 1. Through this presentation you will learn Photos through the time Investments in large RES systems 5. Did you know about in Cyprus References 6

4 1 Through this presentation you will learn... How to use the available Renewable Energy Sources and which of them match with your case How to save money How can you protect the environment Which are the Governmental Support Schemes for the promotion of RES in Cyprus 7 2 Photos through time 8

5 Sometime ago in Cyprus Cyprus Energy Agency 9 Sometime ago in Cyprus Cyprus Energy Agency 10

6 Sometime ago in Cyprus Cyprus Energy Agency 11 Sometime ago in Cyprus Cyprus Energy Agency 12

7 Sometime ago in Cyprus Cyprus Energy Agency 13 Today in Cyprus PV Park 600 kw Orounda Cyprus Energy Agency 14

8 Today in Cyprus PV Park 150 kw Pachna Cyprus Energy Agency 15 Today in Cyprus Wind park 23 MW Koshi Cyprus Energy Agency 16

9 Today in Cyprus Orites Wind Park 82 MW Cyprus Energy Agency 17 Today in Cyprus Biogas Plant of Andreou Brothers Αδελφοί Αντρέου Cyprus Energy Agency 18

10 3 Integration of RES technologies in the 19 3 contents Photovoltaics Small wind turbines Wood Biomass and Pellets Geothermal heat pumps Solar panels for hot water heating Solar for space Heating/ Cooling 20

11 3 photovoltaics Photovoltaic System: electric energy production directly from the solar radiation. Separated into 3 main groups depending on their technology: -Polycrystalline (11-14% efficiency) -Monocrystalline(12-16% efficiency) - Amorphous(6-8% efficiency) The efficiency of the PV systems depends on: The angle ( 27,5 o ) The orientation (South) The shading (zero shading) 21 22

12 4 Integration of RES technologies in the 23 24

13 3 Integration of RES technologies in the photovoltaics The annual needs in electricity for a family in Cyprus with four members is approximately kWh 1 kw photovoltaics produce in Cyprus around kwh/year A 5 kw PV system can cover the needs in electricity for a house. For each 1 kw PVs installed, 1.5kg of CO 2 emissions is avoided annualy. The cost for 1kW Required Surface for 1kW 7m Integration of RES technologies in the photovoltaics Circular 3/2008 Town Planning and Housing Law 26

14 3 Grant Schemes* photovoltaics System Grant (%) Maximum Grant( ) Feed in tariff ( )** For natural persons and organizations that are not engaged to economic activities Up to 7kW grit connected 0 35 cent/kwh Stand alone up to 7kW 55% For natural persons and organizations that are engaged to economic activities Up to 20kW grid connected Stand alone up to 20kW For the year 2011 applications won t be accepted 55% Water pumping up to 20kW 55% For more information visit the website of the Cyprus Institute of Energy and Energy Service **The Feed-in tariffs are subject to change 27 3 photovoltaics Simplified Example 3 kw photovoltaics in a house connected to the grid Required surface 21 m 2 Electric energy produced kwh/year Cost of investment VAT Income (energy sale) /year (0,35 /kwh) Payback 5 years CO 2 emissions avoidance 7,5 tons/year 28

15 3 Small wind turbines Small wind turbines: direct use of the kinetic energy of the wind for electric energy production. Restrictions: outside the limits of development, only up to10 kw with maximum height 18m are allowed. Conditions: Selection of the right type and size Depends from the mean and the extreme wind speed. Installation of the system at the appropriate position. Depends from the roughness and the characteristics of the ground Small wind turbines Non-grid connected or connected to the grid In an area with good wind potential (annual speed>6,5 m/s) The cost per kw installed varies from to depending on the wind type. The electricity production per install kw depends from many factors (wind speed, wind density, altitude, wind turbine s specifications, natural obstacles). A 3 kw wind turbine in an area with a wind potential of 6 m/s (at 10 m) can produce more than kwh per year. 30

16 31 3 Small wind turbines Grant Schemes* System Grant (%) Maximum Grant( ) Feed in tariff ( ) For natural persons and organizations that are not engaged to economic activities Up to 30kW The purchasing price of 55% EAC at that time For natural persons and organizations that are engaged to economic activities Up to 30kW 35% The purchasing price of EAC at that time Windmills for Water Pumping 35% * For more information visit the website of the Cyprus Institute of Energy and Energy Service 32

17 3 Small wind turbines Simplified Example 3 kw wind turbine at a house connected to the grid. Blade length 4,5 m Hub height 12 m Electric energy production kwh/year (annual speed 6 m/s) Investment cost VAT Grant (55%) Income (energy sale) 600 /year (mean value for next years 0,130 /kwh) Payback 9 years CO 2 emissions avoidance 4,5 tonsyear 33 3 Biomass The use of biomass (wood) has been a traditional practice for space heating and cooking in Cyprus for many years. While the wood is burning a chemical reaction takes place where the C contained in the wood joins the oxygen of the air, releasing energy but also CO and CO 2. At higher temperatures the burning is better and more quantity of energy is released to the space. 34

18 3 Biomass Traditional fireplaces have low efficiency (10-25%) Energy efficient fireplaces have an efficiency of 70-85% Biomass The cost of the energy efficient fireplace is approximately They can be connected with the central heating system. In this case the cost raise up to There is no support scheme for the installation of energy efficient fireplaces in Cyprus 36

19 3 Geothermal HP In a depth of 5-100m the soil temperature varies between 14 and 18 o C. This temperature can be utilised with geothermal heat pumps for space heating and cooling. There are available horizontal and the vertical systems. The shallow geothermal energy is available annually and doesn t depend on the weather conditions Geothermal HP Geothermal heat pumps are applied in the domestic sector for the cover the hot water needs but also for space heating and cooling. Their efficiency in heating is around 70% and in cooling 30%. GHP replace the diesel or the LPG burners and the air conditioners. Geothermal energy saves 40 to 60% of conventional fuel sources. It is combined with electricity for the 100% cover of the heating and cooling needs of a building. 38

20 3 Geothermal HP Before After Installation of a geothermal heat pump (GHP) in a residence at Limassol 39 3 Geothermal HP Geothermal systems that take advantage of the shallow geothermal energy are : a. Closed loop geothermal system and b. Opened loop geothermal system. The cost for a m 2 house for the space heating and cooling cover is up to , with 30% efficiency in cooling and 70% efficiency in heating kwh (electricity) kwh (free energy from the bedrock) 40

21 3 Geothermal energy Grant Schemes* System Grant (%) Maximum Grant( ) Feed in tariff ( ) For natural persons and organizations that are not engaged to economic activities Heat pumps with geo heat exchanger 55% For natural persons and organizations that are engaged to economic activities Heat pumps with geo heat exchanger 40% * For more information visit the website of the Cyprus Institute of Energy and Energy Service 41 3 Geothermal energy Simplified Example 16 kw geothermal heat pump at a residence Residence area 250 m 2. (Insulation according to the existing Regulations) Number of drillings: 5 Depth of drilling: 95 m Investment cost VAT Grant (55%) Annual energy saving comparing with an diesel burner: ( depends on the diesel and electricity cost, the climate conditions of the area and the insulation of the residence) Payback 5,5-9 years 42 CO 2 emissions avidance tons/year

22 3 Solar Thermal Solar water heater utilise the solar radiation to heat the water. For a fourmember family is required 2,6m 2 of solar panel s surface and a 150 lt storage tank. The average price of a solar collectors and the tank is approximately 800. Annual energy saving average 1600 kwh. Money savings comparing to an electric heater 180 /year (0,11 /kwh). Payback 4,5 to 6 years (Grants available for replacement) 43 3 Solar Thermal According to a decree of the Minister of Commerce, Industry and Tourism at 2009, the utilization of solar systems for the water heating is obligatory in new buildings which are used as residences. 44

23 3 Solar Thermal Solar thermal systems for space heating Production of hot water and space heating with the use of active solar systems. Combined with electricity to cover all the energy demand. They can be combined with the existing thermal radiators. About 20 m 2 of solar collectors are required for a 100 m 2 residence and the cost is approximately 400 euro /m 2 (depends on the type of collectors). A 1500lt storage tank is required for an area 150 m Thermal energy can be used for space cooling with the use of a cooling engine. Solar Thermal The solar panels can cover the 30 με 60% of the cooling demands of the residence. The rest of the cooling demands must be covered by a back-up cooling engine that uses conventional energy forms (such as electricity). In general, solar cooling hasn t been developed broadly for residences because of the extra and high cost of the back-up cooling engine and the conventional energy. The main advantage is the utilization of the solar thermal energy during all the seasons of the year. 46

24 3 Solar Thermal Grant Schemes* System Grant (%) Maximum Grant( ) Feed in tariff ( ) For natural persons and organizations that are not engaged to economic activities Solar systems Space cooling/heating 55% (Heating) (Heating/ Cooling) For natural persons and organizations that are engaged to economic activities Solar systems Space cooling/heating 35% * For more information visit the website of the Cyprus Institute of Energy and Energy Service Solar Thermal Simplified Example Solar space heating and hot water production in a residence Residence 250 m 2. (Insulation according to the Regulations) About 50 m 2 solar collectors + underfloor heating Hot water tanks: for heating 1500 lt / for hot water 500 lt Investment cost VAT Grant (55%) Achieves important saving on diesel for heating (35-45%). About 1275 annually (1.500 lt * 0,85 /lt of diesel) Annual saving (depends on the diesel and electricity price, house location and house insulation) Payback 9-11 years CO 2 emissions avoidance 5-10 tons/year 48

25 4 Investments in large RES systems Grant Scheme for Large Commercial Systems for Electricity Production* Investments regarding the purchase and installation of new equipment or and materials, as and the cost of the studies when this is necessary. Legal persons that are engaged in ecenomic activities Mature technologies. The related investments are: Large Commercial Wind Systems Large & Small Commercial Photovoltaic Systems Large Commercial Solar Thermal Systems Biomass and landfill gas. * For more information visit the website of the Cyprus Institute of Energy and Energy Service 49 Large investments in RES 4Wind Parks System Grant (%) kwh Feed in Tariff ( ) Large Commercial Wind Systems 0 (Subsidy for the first 20 years) 0,166 (Subsidy =0,166 EAC purchasing price) * For more information visit the website of the Cyprus Institute of Energy and Energy Service 50

26 Large investments in RES 4PV parks System Grant (%) kwh Feed in Tariff ( ) Large Photovoltaic Systems ( kw) Small Photovoltaic Systems (up to 20 kw) 0 (Subsidy for the first 20 years) 0 (Subsidy for the first 20 years) 0,31 0,31 * For more information visit the website of the Cyprus Institute of Energy and Energy Service 51 Large investments in RES 4Solar thermal parks System Grant (%) kwh Feed in Tariff ( ) Solar Thermal Systems connected to the grid 0 (Subsidy for the first 20 years) 0,26 * For more information visit the website of the Cyprus Institute of Energy and Energy Service 52

27 Large investments in RES 4Biomass - Biogas System Grant (%) Feed in Tariff ( ) Biomass utilization 0 (Subsidy for the first 20 years) 0,135 per kwh Landfill gas 0 (Subsidy for the first 20 years) 0,1145 per kwh * For more information visit the website of the Cyprus Institute of Energy and Energy Service 53 5 Do you know that in Cyprus... The binding target for Cyprus for the share renewables RES in the final energy consumption is 13% by More than the 90% of households have solar water heater More than the 50% of hotels utilise solar heaters for water heating and heating swimming pools Until January 2011 more than 601 photovoltaic systems have been installed for electricity production (about 4,9 kw). 54

28 5 Do you know that in Cyprus... At Cyprus electric energy is generated by Wind Energy. Seven wind parks have been licensed. Geothermal heat pumps were installed in the Olympic swimming pool of Geroskipou Municipality in Paphos. In more than 50 houses were installed geothermal heat pumps for space heating/cooling More than 10 animal farms installed anaerobic digestion plants for electricity and heat production (about 7,2 MW) 55 6 References Cyprus Energy Agency Energy Service Cyprus Institute of Energy Center of Renewable Energy Sources of Greece Regional Energy Agency of Crete ΕΤΕΚ EAC Transmission System Operator CERA Department of road transport European Commission 56

29 THANK YOY! Cyprus Energy Agency Questions! Answers! Contact information: Τel , Fax: , Visit us: 20, Lefkonos Str. Markides court 13, Office 403, 2064, Strovolos Visit our website: 57