MAES pilot on water. Freshwater and marine ecosystems as providers of ecosystem services

Size: px

Start display at page:

Download "MAES pilot on water. Freshwater and marine ecosystems as providers of ecosystem services"

Ronald Hines
6 years ago
Views:

1 MAES pilot on water Freshwater and marine ecosystems as providers of ecosystem services Ana Cristina Cardoso Francesca Somma European Commission, Joint Research Centre, Institute for Environment and Sustainability, Via E. Fermi 2749, I Ispra (VA), Italy

2 Freshwater ecosystems encompass different ecosystem types (lakes, rivers, wetlands, groundwater) Wetlands Rivers Lakes N. Cid Petrescu M. Pastori E. Huelmbauer

unit area than land or sea: - host 546 species of freshwater fishes -

3 Importance of freshwater ecosystems in EU Freshwater ecosystems cover only about 5% of EU28 surface but hold a higher number of species per unit area than land or sea: - host 546 species of freshwater fishes - 81% are unique to the region... and provide a number of key ecosystem services.

4 Biodiversity and Freshwater Ecosystem Services Provision of water Recreation C.Liquete Water purification Flood protection Local climate regulation C.Liquete M.Pastori M.Pastori

5 Marine ecosystems encompass different ecosystem types (coastal waters, marine inlets, shelf and open ocean) Coastal lagoon landscapes around the island of Hiddensee near Stralsund, Germany (Klugschnacker 2011) Estuaries (Danube Delta, Travel to Galati Website 2014) Coastal waters (Liguria & Sicily, Dusart 2013) Shelf & Deep oceans (European Atlas of the Seas, GEBCO-BSHC-EMODnet, 2013)

Importance of marine ecosystems in EU The total marine area under the jurisdiction of EU Member States is larger than the total EU land area and includes some 70 000 km of coastline accommodating a

6 Importance of marine ecosystems in EU The total marine area under the jurisdiction of EU Member States is larger than the total EU land area and includes some km of coastline accommodating a huge biodiversity, partially still unknown. The European Register of Marine Species contained (in 2012) 33,000 marine plant and animal species (excluding bacteria)... Less than 20 % of all biodiversity features (i.e. species, habitats and ecosystems) are considered as being in Good Environmental Status (EEA). ETC Spatial Information and Analysis Ubach and AbdulMalak 2013

7 Biodiversity and Marine Ecosystem Services Food provision Recreation and tourism Maintain population and habitat Coastal protection B. Grizzetti K. Fuller, Marine Photobank, Climate regulation (carbon sequestration)

MAES Pilots on Freshwater and Marine Ecosystems: scope An analytical framework for ecosystem assessment (2013) had been developed to ensure a consistent approach be applied across EU.

8 MAES Pilots on Freshwater and Marine Ecosystems: scope An analytical framework for ecosystem assessment (2013) had been developed to ensure a consistent approach be applied across EU. The essential task of the pilot was to test the framework while at the same time identifying available knowledge useful for mapping freshwater and marine ecosystems and assess their condition and the services they provide.

9 MAES Pilot on Freshwater and Marine Ecosystems: participation

Cells in blue - N/A: service not provided by the ecosystem. Cells in grey: emerging or marginal service, magnitude too negligible for actual accounting.

Reared animals and Meat, dairy products (milk, cheese, their outputs yoghurt), honey etc. Wild plants, algae and Wild berries, fruits, mushrooms, water their outputs cress, marine plants (e.g. salicornia - saltwort or samphire), seagrass, seaweed (e.

land- /seascapes [environmental settings] Mechanical energy Mediation by biota Physical and experiential interactions Other cultural outputs Ground water for Freshwater abstracted from (non-fossil)

10 Cells in blue - N/A: service not provided by the ecosystem. Cells in grey: emerging or marginal service, magnitude too negligible for actual accounting. Section Division Group Class Examples Provisioning Nutrition Biomass Cultivated crops Cereals (e.g. wheat, rye, barely), vegetables, fruits etc. Reared animals and Meat, dairy products (milk, cheese, their outputs yoghurt), honey etc. Wild plants, algae and Wild berries, fruits, mushrooms, water their outputs cress, marine plants (e.g. salicornia - saltwort or samphire), seagrass, seaweed (e.g. Palmaria palmata = dulse, dillisk) for food Regulation & Maintenance Cultural Mediation of waste, toxics and other nuisances Physical and intellectual interactions with biota, ecosystems, and land- /seascapes [environmental settings] Mechanical energy Mediation by biota Physical and experiential interactions Other cultural outputs Ground water for Freshwater abstracted from (non-fossil) drinking groundwater layers or via ground water desalination for drinking. Animal-based resources Dung, fat, oils, cadavers from land, water and marine animals for burning and energy production Animal-based energy Physical labour provided by animals (horses, elephants etc.) Bio-remediation by Bio-chemical detoxification/ micro-organisms, algae, decomposition/mineralisation in plants, and animals land/soil, freshwater and marine systems including sediments; decomposition/detoxification of waste and toxic materials e.g. waste water cleaning, degrading oil spills by marine bacteria, (phyto)degradation, (rhizo)degradation etc. Dilution by atmosphere, freshwater and marine ecosystems Mediation of smell/noise/visual impacts Bio-physico-chemical dilution of gases, fluids and solid waste, wastewater in atmosphere, lakes, rivers, sea and sediments Visual screening of transport corridors e.g. by trees; Green infrastructure to reduce noise and smells Experiential use of In-situ fish, whale, seal and bird plants, animals and land- watching, snorkelling, diving etc. /seascapes in different environmental settings Existence Bequest Enjoyment provided by wild species, wilderness, ecosystems, land- /seascapes Willingness to preserve plants, animals, ecoystems, land-/seascapes for the experience and use of future generations; moral/ethical perspective or belief Indicators Data sources, proxies, models Notes Indicators Data sources, proxies, models Notes Indicators Data sources, proxies, models Notes Indicators Data sources, proxies, models Notes N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 1) Wild seaweed abundance [C] 2) harvested wild seaweed (t/a) [F] 3) Wild seaweed sales ( /a) [B] 1) Nutrients load to coast This is a very small production in Europe. (a) 1) Wild seaweed abundance [C] 2) harvested wild seaweed (t/a) [F] 3) Wild seaweed sales ( /a) [B] This is a very small production in Europe. (a) N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A (mg/m 3 )(F), POPs and HMs deposition rates, oil spill severity [C] 2) Nutrients, POPs and HM removals (t/a) [F] 3) Replacement cost for treatment of waste ( /a) [B] 1) Nutrients load to coast (mg/m 3 )(F), POPs and HMs deposition rates, oil spill severity [C] 2) Nutrients, POPs and HM removals (t/a) [F] 3) Replacement cost for treatment of waste ( /a) [B] 1) JRC FATE (nutrients load); satellite derived imagery of oil spills (check repositories from WFD); EMEP on heavy metals and organic pollutants deposition rates. 1) JRC FATE (nutrients load); satellite derived imagery of oil spills (check repositories from WFD); EMEP on heavy metals and organic pollutants deposition rates. (l) (l) 1) Nutrients load to coast (mg/m 3 )(F), POPs and HMs deposition rates, oil spill severity [C] 2) Nutrients, POPs and HM removals (t/a) [F] 3) Replacement cost for treatment of waste ( /a) [B] 1) Nutrients load to coast (mg/m 3 )(F), POPs and HMs deposition rates, oil spill severity [C] 2) Nutrients, POPs and HM removals (t/a) [F] 3) Replacement cost for treatment of waste ( /a) [B] 1) JRC FATE (nutrients load); satellite derived imagery of oil spills (check repositories from WFD); EMEP on heavy metals and organic pollutants deposition rates. 1) JRC FATE (nutrients load); satellite derived imagery of oil spills (check repositories from WFD); EMEP on heavy metals and organic pollutants deposition rates. (l) (l) 1) Nutrients load to coast (mg/m 3 ) (F), POPs and HMs deposition rates, oil spill severity [C] 2) Nutrients, POPs and HM removals (t/a) [F] 3) Replacement cost for treatment of waste ( /a) [B] 1) Nutrients load to coast (mg/m 3 ) (F), POPs and HMs deposition rates, oil spill severity [C] 2) Nutrients, POPs and HM removals (t/a) [F] 3) Replacement cost for treatment of waste ( /a) [B] 1) JRC FATE (nutrients load); satellite derived imagery of oil spills (check repositories from WFD); EMEP on heavy metals and organic pollutants deposition rates. 1) JRC FATE (nutrients load); satellite derived imagery of oil spills (check repositories from WFD); EMEP on heavy metals and organic pollutants deposition rates. (l) (l) 1)POPs and HMs deposition rates, oil spill severity [C] 2)POPs and HM removals (t/a) [F] 3) Replacement cost for treatment of waste ( /a) [B] 1)POPs and HMs deposition rates, oil spill severity [C] 2)POPs and HM removals (t/a) [F] 3) Replacement cost for treatment of waste ( /a) [B] 1) EMEP on heavy metals and organic pollutants deposition rates; Copernicus, Seadatanet and EMODNET for water chemistry. 1) EMEP on heavy metals and organic pollutants deposition rates; Copernicus, Seadatanet and EMODNET for water chemistry. N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 2) Possibility of snorkeling, diving, boating activities, annual number of recreation trips [F] 3) Willingness to pay, Importance and specificity of aesthetic values based on expert knowledge [B] 2) EUROSTAT, UBC-FERU [F] 3) EUROSTAT, UBC-FERU [B] (p) 2) Possibility of snorkeling, diving, boating activities, annual number of recreation trips [F] 3) Willingness to pay, Importance and specificity of aesthetic values based on expert knowledge [B] 2) EUROSTAT, UBC-FERU [F] 3) EUROSTAT, UBC-FERU [B] (p) 2) Possibility of snorkeling, diving, boating activities, annual number of recreation trips [F] 3) Willingness to pay, Importance and specificity of aesthetic values based on expert knowledge [B] 2) EUROSTAT, UBC-FERU [F] 3) EUROSTAT, UBC-FERU [B] (p) 3) Willingness to pay, Importance and specificity of aesthetic values based on expert knowledge [B] 3) EUROSTAT, UBC-FERU [B] (l) (l) (p) MAES Pilot on Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems: Indicators approach Data sources, proxies, models MAES Matrix CICES (The Common International Classification Section of Ecosystem DivisionServices) Class main sections: Examples Provisioning Nutrition Wild animals and Game, freshwater fish (trout, eel etc.), - Provisioning services their outputs marine fish (plaice, sea bass etc.) and - Regulating/maintenance services shellfish (i.e. crustaceans, molluscs), as well as echinoderms or honey harvested - Cultural services from wild populations; Includes commercial and subsistence fishing and MARINE INLETS AND TRANSITIONAL WATERS COASTAL WATERS SHELF WATERS OPEN OCEAN [C] = CAPACITY MAES Matrix hunting for food [F] = FLOW [B] = BENEFIT Materials Fibres and other materials from plants, algae and animals for direct use or processing workshop COASTAL WATERS 1) Fish abundance 2) Commercial and artisanal fish and shellfish landing (t/a) 3) Fish and shellfish sales ( /a) Fibres, wood, timber, sponges, corals, 1) Abundance/biomass (t/a) pearls, shells, and other products, which 2)Commercial and artisanal landing are not further processed; chemicals extracted or synthesised Indicators from algae, Reporting body Data (t/a) the 3) UnitsNet EU based compiling present agency values of drugs from availability of indicator for MAES seaweeds (agar, alginate, carrageenan) Ecosystem MARINE INLETS AND TRANSITIONAL WATERS CICES section Provisioning and animals such CICES division Nutrition as whale oil, resin, CICES group Biomass marine organisms ( /a), Market value of raw materials: ornamental, CICES class Wild animals and their outputs Supply Landings EU 1,2 ton/a FAO/EUROSTAT/DGMARE soap (from bones), natural remedies and Net value added of raw materials: Exports EU 1,2 ton/a FAO Landings PT (LAGOONS) Number of artisanal and recreational fishing licences PT (LAGOONS) medicines (e.g. squalene, chondroitin Landings ES (LAGOONS) ton/a INE 2013 Number seaweed, fish oil, ornamental ( /a) ton/a Servicio de Pesca ( 2,4 2,4 Landings PL from sharks), dyes Landingsand colours, UA(LAGOONS) (LAGOONS & ARCH) SE (ARCH) NO (ARCH) 5,6 5,6 5,6 6 ton/a ton/a ton/a ton/a Landings DE (ARCH) 6 ton/a Landings EL (ARCH) Landings RO (ARCH) ambergris (from sperm whales used in Demand Landings EU 1,2 6 ton/a 6 ton/a ton/a FAO/EUROSTAT/DGMARE 2,4 ton/a INE 2013 Landings PT (LAGOONS) Landings ES (LAGOONS) Landings UA(LAGOONS) perfumes); Includes Landings consumptive PL (LAGOONS & 2,4 ton/a Servicio de Pesca ( 5,6 ton/a ARCH) 5,6 ton/a Landings SE (ARCH) 5,6 ton/a Landings Landings Landings ornamental uses. Landings NO (ARCH) DE (ARCH) EL (ARCH) RO (ARCH) ton/a ton/a ton/a ton/a 1) GBIF, OBIS, SEALIFEBASE, DG MARE Medits surveys (Mediterranean), ICES, ICCAT 2) FAO, EUROSTAT, JRC-DCF 3) FAO, EUROSTAT, JRC-DCF 2) FAO 3) FAO

11 MAES Pilot on freshwater ecosystems: resulting indicator table Example for provisioning services

12 Example maps of freshwater ecosystem services Water provisioning Water purification JRC Report 2011

13 Example maps of marine ecosystem services Coastal protection Food provisioning Natural capacity to provide coastal protection (Liquete et al. 2012) Benefit of fish landings (UK National Ecosystem Assessment originally from Dunstone (2008)

MAES Pilot on Freshwater and Marine Ecosystems: lessons learned List and assessment of available indicators and datasets for freshwater and marine ecosystem services (mapping and assessment)

14 MAES Pilot on Freshwater and Marine Ecosystems: lessons learned List and assessment of available indicators and datasets for freshwater and marine ecosystem services (mapping and assessment) Suitability of the CICES classification and list of freshwater and marine ecosystem services tested: some modifications needed Ecosystem services measurable using indicators and proxies: datasets, statistics, common framework Reporting from various policies could be improved to benefit MAES

15 Water Framework Directive Marine Strategy Birds & Habitat Directives Climate Policy MAES Assessment of Ecosystem and their Services Common Agricultural Policy Common Fisheries Policy

16 MAES WG on Freshwater and Marine Ecosystems: next steps Freshwater and Marine Pilots will support Member States in mapping and assessing ecosystem services. MS, with the assistance of the Commission, will map and assess the state of ecosystems and their services in their national territory by 2014 The MAES process will complement the information currently available on freshwater resources and facilitate a more effective protection and management of those resources The success of EU Maritime and Fisheries policy is inextricably linked to the health and resilience of the natural systems that sustain our economic activities. The MAES process will complement the data collection and reporting activities under the individual pieces of legislation and will enhance and facilitate joined up decision taking and policy making.

17 Thank you Contact: Ana Cristina Cardoso: Francesca Somma:

The MAES pilot on marine ecosystems: conceptual approach and initial steps

The MAES pilot on marine ecosystems: conceptual approach and initial steps Francesca Somma Chiara Piroddi EC Joint Research Centre Mapping and Assessment of Ecosystems and their Services (MAES) in the