GMES report for the initial period The Space component

Transcription

1 GMES report for the initial period The Space component José Achache 1

2 Situation today 2

3 Building Up a World-wide Earth Observation User Community Number of New Users Users: Use Use of of ERS ERS data data in in Countries Number of Scientific Publications ERS ( ) Publications, Papers

4 SPOT 1 SPOT 2 SPOT 3 SPOT 4 SPOT 5 4

5 TOPEX/POSEIDON JASON-1 JASON-2 5

6 ERS 1 ERS ENVISAT 6

7 MSG and EPS-MetOp MSG EPS-MetOp Launch MSG-1 August 2002 Support to preparation MSG-4 Initial discussions on post-msg GOME-2 EM delivered PLM EM ready for shipment to ESTEC for testing CDR ongoing Launch planned end-2005, driven by ground segment development Concern about continuity of ERS-2 observations to be taken over by MetOp. 7

8 Services and Earth Observation 8

9 GSE Services in consolidation CoastWatch ROSES ICEMON Northern View Forest Monitoring SAGE Risk-EOS TerraFirma Urban Services Food Security 9

10 GMES Services Element (GSE) ESA Programme dedicated to GMES Approved: ESA Ministerial Council Nov 2001 Earthwatch element Deliver Operational Services Support for environmental & security policies Budget 83 Meuro 5 years 10

11 GSE Objectives Short-term Foster maximum use of EO-based services in support of European Policies on Environment & Security Long-Term Establish case for future EO-based operational systems to delivery policy-related info for benefit of Europe s citizens 11

12 Cardinal Requirement Service Consolidation Complete, clear & convincing answers What information is needed? What services can be provided? What are the benefits for Europe s Citizens? Do the benefits justify the costs Geographic scope Timescale Global; continental; regional; national; local Present + 10 years 12

13 13

14 NO 2 Emission in the Atmosphere GOME on ERS-2 14

15 ENVISAT Atmospheric Instruments EUROPEAN COMMISSION 25 September

16 ENVISAT measurement of Suspended Matter EUROPEAN COMMISSION = = Sylt Flensburg 0.5 = = 1 mg/l = 0.32 Helgoland Elbe 200 Log10 mg/l MERIS scene 3358, ; EO data for regular update of models 16

17 ENVISAT Imaging Spectrometer: MERIS EUROPEAN COMMISSION ESA 2003 MERIS image of the world March & April

18 ITALSCAR: Forest Fires Monitoring Lama dei Peligni (Chieti) Calabria Savelli 2000 (Crotone) Calabria Plataci 2000 (Cosenza) Calabria Burn scars polygons overlaid on a Landsat 7 ETM pansharpened false colour composite (7-4-1) 18

19 Example of service supply: Ground motion results revealing tunneling work in London London: Average annual PS L.O.S. velocities ERS scenes processed Proposed level 1 Proposed level 2: Cause of ground movement Proposed level 3: Effects of tunnelling as predicted with no cause for concern. 19

20 Oil Spills: Prestige, 17/11/02 EUROPEAN COMMISSION 20

21 EUROPEAN COMMISSION Elbe River Flood 21

22 HUMAN: Humanitarian Aid Users: Medecins sans Frontieres Information: Cartographic and damage assessment, capitalization products Services: On request rapid update of maps, database and dissemination services 22

23 EO Application Areas Ocean Winds Waves Currents Significant wave height Monster Waves Sea Surface Temp Phytoplancton (CO2) Sea Bottom Topography ElNinjo Oil Spill Off-shore exploration Meteo & Climate Modelling Weather Forecast Global Change Clouds Atmosphere Ozone Monitoring CO2, Kyoto, SO2, NO2 etc. Forest Fires Volcanos Land General mapping DEMs Subsidence monitoring Tectonic movement Earthquakes, Volcanos Forest fires, Hot Spots Forest damage, Deforestation Agriculture, Farming Floods, River, Lake Level & Temp Landslides Sea Ice Ship Routing Shelf Ice Ice Berg monitoring Ice Polar Ice Cap and Ice Shelf Glacier Movement 23 Coast Erosion Shallow water Schwebstoff Disaster management, Dual Use and International Conventions Monitoring in many application areas

24 GMES: from requirements to capabilities EUROPEAN COMMISSION Atmosphere Composition Atmospheric Sounders Other DUE EOMD GSE Analysis Requirements and Priorities Ocean monitoring Coastal zones Land mgmt Incl. urban land Water resources Sea Surface Topography and temperature Very-wide swath Coarse resolution Opt. Multi-spectral Wide swath mid-resolution Opt. Multi-spectral C-band SAR Interferometric IR Systems Thematic Projects X-cutting studies Other Risk Management Very high resolution SAR CFSP Petersberg tasks Very high resolution optical multi-spectral 24

25 Legend n = 20m resolution or better / wide swath access h = 200m resolution/ 1200 km swath 2 = 100m resolution / 400 km swath SCANSAR g = 5 km resolution Service Type Obervations needed per year Frequency Period (days) High Res Image Vegetation Multi Spectral Imagery 25 Ocean Color Cloud & Aerosol Themal C-Band SAR InSAR Intesitry Troposphere Atmos Sounder Stratosphere EU EU Accssn CDN Russia Coverage Land Use, Vegetation and Soil Mgmnt Land cover mapping for water managment Weekly 180 n a a a h Land cover mapping for soils management weekly 180 n a a a h Forest Monitoring for Kyoto implementation weekly 180 n n a a a a Crop-cover mapping for food security in Africa weekly 365 a Environmental information for public health services Weekly 365 n n a a a Regional Forest Fire Area Mapping & statistics weekly 180 n a a Urban and Industrial zones Mgmnt & Security Urban Land-use mapping weekly 180 a n n a a Urban subsidence risk assessment Monthly 365 a n a a Public infrastructure stability monitoring Monthly 365 a n a a a Coastal Zone Management & Security Sea ice & iceberg monitoring Daily a a a a EEZ surveillance (oil slicks, fishing, ships) Daily 365 a n 2 a a a Coastal water quality & algal bloom detection 3 days 365 a n n a a a ICZM information services Quarterly 180 a n a a a a Disaster Management Active seismic zone and and volcano observatory Monthly 365 n a a a Landslide risk monitoring Monthly 365 a n n a a a Rapid mapping for out of area crises operations on-demand 365 a n 2 a Rapid Flood mapping and damage assessment on-demand 180 a n n 2 a a a Cartography for devlpmnt & reconstruction planningon demand 365 a n n a Petersburg Tasks on-demand a n a Atmospheric pollution management GHG sources monitoring Daily 365 a g Air Quality monitoring for public health Hourly 365 n a a a a g Global fire & scar assessment for emission contro Daily 365 h h a g Aircraft emissions monitoring Daily 365 h a a a a g Global Aerosol monitoring for climate change Daily 365 a a g C&W Africa Nth Africa Southern Africa Amazon Basin CASC Global

26 Future GMES Space Component Very High Resolution Imagery SAR (interferometric, ScanSAR) Multispectral imagery (Landsat/SPOT class, MERIS class) Atmospheric chemistry Altimetry Data collection 26

27 New national missions EUROPEAN COMMISSION Missions being developed at national or multi-lateral level will contribute to the objectives of GMES, in particular in the areas of high resolution imagery COSMO-Skymed TerraSAR-X Pleiades Following the principles of open operational architecture (Oxygen) the GMES space component will ensure access to all these systems for the benefit of GMES services Cosmo-Skymed TerraSAR-X Pleiades 27

28 GMES: Open Operational System EUROPEAN COMMISSION Users PD S m a in functio n s PDS SERVICES Inventory & Browse Ordering CONTROL Planning Scheduling Supervision PRODUCT ARCHIVAL DISTRIBUTION DISSEMINATION DATA ACQUISITION PRODUCT GENERATION Processing Reprocessing Quality Control G M ES sa tellite s FO S - Compatibility of elements - Expandability - User oriented - Space data - In-situ data - GMES System will include data collection and dissemination systems 28

29 Studies on SAR systems Studies on SAR systems - C-band SAR data provided since 1991 by ERS-1 are essential for a large number of applications Robust concepts studied since The characteristics of the proposed concepts were: Imaging / scansar and wave modes Range / azimuth resolution would in the order of 5 10 m, Swath could be 100 km to 400 km for imaging and scansar mode resp. Dual / quad (optional) polarisation A C-band SAR satellite concept based on the Snapdragon (LandSAR, TerraSAR-L) configuration kg, 3 kw - L Band SAR studied under the Terrasar Earth Watch programme 29

30 Studies on wide-swath optical multi-spectral systems Optical multispectral very wide swath data are required for: Sea-surface temperature, ocean colour, global land vegetation monitoring, clouds and aerosols, ice The sensor or sensor suite would ensure continuity to MERIS, (A)ATSR, VGT missions and provide: - very wide swath, 2200 km from 800 km orbit - appropriate spatial resolution (250 m 1km) - spectral capabilities VIS, NIR, SWIR, TIR - high radiometric performance in the infrared (for accurate 0.1 K SST) - dual view. Initial studies ( ) satellite concepts assumed quasi-recurrent units of MERIS and AATSR, The spacecraft resources would be 800 kg, 600 W. Studies on advanced concepts ( ): 150 kg, 190 W, 2.5 Mbps combine MERIS-VGT-AATSR capabilities with considerable less resources 30

31 Studies on land super-spectral systems EUROPEAN COMMISSION - Optical multi-spectral wide swath, medium resolution data are needed for mainly land applications. A component is needed to provide continuity to services developed with SPOT-5 and Landsat data. - Studies on super- hyper- spectral missions carried out in , focused on agriculture and water management, and in for more general land applications. -A proposed sensor concept includes: 10 bands in the VNIR and SWIR Wide swath 320 km (from 700 km altitude), 20 m spatial resolution The estimates for resources are 135 kg, 120 W and 800 Mbps GPS Antenna In a proposed concept the satellite mass would be 700 kg and the power requirements 600 W S-Band Antenna X-Band Antenna Star Tracker TMA Instrument 31

32 Studies on altimeter systems Sea Surface Topography - Sea surface topography has been measured by altimeters from near-polar and mid inclination orbits since 1991, ERS-1, 2, ENVISAT, CryoSat Topex Poseidon, Jason series. -Observations from mid-inclination ensured by Jason series (EUMETSAT CNES) - Studies carried out on advanced altimeter concepts for operational missions ( ). A wide swath altimeter could be conceived in the long-term Several concepts identified Concepts based on Jason CryoSat could be available sooner The proposed ocean monitoring satellite concept could combine the VIRI and ALT elements. The spacecraft resources would be: 850 kg, 700 W (CDF study Ocean Watch) 32

33 Atmospheric composition monitoring system studies EUROPEAN COMMISSION Atmospheric Composition monitoring: calibration unit - Studies carried out on: - Requirements and Concepts - The use of space systems for the monitoring of anthropogenic emissions (Kyoto protocol) cover -CO 2 monitoring with operational systems - Advanced Future Operational Sensors - The use of geostationary orbit for remote sensing The current analysis of requirements: - GHG monitoring, - air quality monitoring and forecasting, - unpredictable pollution clods and plumes, - air pollution emissions, - long-range transboundary air pollution, - UV radiation monitoring and forecasting A two component system is proposed: - A LEO component - A GEO component scan mirror VIS detector Concept of a geostationary UV-VNIR-SWIR sensor ( ) 33 telescope baffle 800 mm UV detector NIR detector SWIR detector Operational concept of an IR composition sounder derived from ENVISAT and including a limb looking cloud imager ( )

34 Studies on Infrared systems IR systems - There has been considerable study and development work on IR systems for high temperature events monitoring, specially forest fires, mainly under EC funding. -Limited support under ESA (EOPP-EOEP): platform concept, algorithms for detection, monitoring, damage assessment, micro-bolometer characterisation, constellation management. -Synergised with ARTES actions on telecommunications (REMSAT) - Work is continuing under the Fuegosat Consolidation Earth Watch Element IR sensor (TIR micron; MIR ( micron) package for use on microsats or host platforms - The German BIRD mission has demonstrated the capability of space based solutions to support the management of thermal disasters. 34

35 Organisation 35

36 The proposal Political Ownership Political priorities Funding International cooperation GMES partnership Advisory Committee Management entity Prepare and implement Ensuring coherence and complementarity Sustain dialogue with stakeholders 36

37 GMES funding 37

38 Funding Summary Components Total over Service Component Implementation of services P rovision of operational services Total over Sources of funding ( M ) EC/FP6/Space & ESA/GSE Space Component Im pl. of operational space systems In situ Component Im pl. of operational in-situ systems Spatial Data Infrastructure ESA/EW additional public expenditure ESA/EW additional public expenditure MS M S (tbd) EC (tbd) M S (tbd) EC (tbd) Grand Total

39 Conclusion: GMES is ready to start EUROPEAN COMMISSION User requirements and needs will be further refined A set of services is being defined and consolidated Preparatory activities for the space component can start Review of current in situ capabilities and upgrade requirements is needed Architecture for data and information management needs to be defined 39