ACUMER ACUMER 4450 ACUMER 4800

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1 ACUMER ACUMER 4450 ACUMER 4800 Polymer scale inhibitors and dispersants for membrane separation processes. Membrane systems demand high performance scale inhibitors to treat industrial water and allow the most efficient production of potable water from brackish water or sea water. A series of ACUMER Water Treatment Polymers is now available for preventing scale and deposits on membranes in separation applications such as reverse osmosis (RO) and nanofiltration. The features and benefits of ACUMER 4035, ACUMER 4450, and ACUMER 4800 are listed below. FEATURES AND BENEFITS FEATURE ACUMER Polymers inhibit scale common to RO systems such as calcium carbonate and calcium sulfate with little or no acid control required. Products have UL classification and European drinking water approvals (United Kingdom, the Netherlands). ACUMER 4035 contains preservative. ACUMER Polymers are thermally and chemically stable. BENEFIT Inhibiting scale formation prolongs membrane life and lengthens the time between membrane cleanings. System efficiency is maximized by maintaining excellent permeate flow and % recovery. Polymers can treat potable water in RO and thermal desalination systems. Preservative prevents microbiological growth in storage tanks. Polymers are stable under all membrane water conditions and can be formulated with preservatives and other common water treament chemicals. CIS - IP 1 3/10/2003

2 The table below lists the typical physical properties of the ACUMER Polymers for membrane applications. TYPICAL PHYSICAL PROPERTIES (these do not constitute specifications) PRODUCT ACUMER 4035 ACUMER 4450 ACUMER 4800 APPEARANCE Clear to slightly hazy liquid Clear to slightly hazy liquid Clear to slightly hazy liquid TYPE Carboxylate homopolymer Carboxylate terpolymer Carboxylate copolymer MOLECULAR WEIGHT % TOTAL SOLIDS ph Technology Background Scale inhibition and deposit control are essential for maintaining efficient and cost effective membrane operations such as RO systems. ACUMER 4035, ACUMER 4450, and ACUMER 4800 are high performance scale inhibitors offered to the water treatment industry to maintain clean and longer lasting membranes in separation processes. Deposits on membranes can reduce permeate flow and increase pressure drop, greatly minimizing % recovery (yield) of the system. Hard scales can puncture membranes, allowing salt passage and microbiological contamination in the permeate. Also scale and deposits may cause channeling through membranes, thereby limiting flow to less scaled areas. Channeling reduces system efficiency and prevents effective cleaning of the scaled membranes. RO (also called hyperfiltration) applies pressure to reverse the natural flow of pure water through a semipermeable membrane between solutions containing different salt concentrations. In order to generate pure water from salt water, the applied pressure must be greater than the difference in osmotic pressure between the two waters. RO removes all dissolved organic (non ionic) solids with molecular weight above 100 daltons as well as a high percentage of ionic materials (typically 90 to 99 %). CIS - IP 2 3/10/2003

3 Nanofiltration is another membrane technology that has many of the same scale problems as RO. It is an intermediate process between RO and filtration, and has a molecular weight cut-off (MWCO) in the range between 400 to 800 daltons. Ionic rejection varies depending upon the valence of the salts. Other membrane separation techniques include ultra- and microfiltration which filter colloids and suspended solids. The amount and quality of the produced pure water (permeate) is frequently limited by the presence of scale forming salts in the raw feed water. These salts tend to precipitate as their concentration increases at the membrane surface during the separation process. If solubility limits are exceeded, scale forms and a cleaning cycle is required to restore membrane permeability and flux. Cleaning is costly in terms of time and chemicals. Scale inhibitors such as ACUMER Polymers increase the critical concentration above which crystallization occurs. Since scale can form from different salts (e.g. CaCO3, CaSO4, silica and iron), scale inhibitors must be carefully chosen to match the scaling tendency of each specific water. PERFORMANCE ADVANTAGES WITH ACUMER POLYMER SCALE INHIBITORS ACUMER 4035, ACUMER 4450 and ACUMER 4800 have been specifically developed to target the scale common in membrane systems. These products are carboxylate based polymers and are excellent scale inhibitors. Acumer Polymers will also disperse colloids and fine particles so the solids can be flushed through the system with the waste stream, avoiding deposition on membrane surfaces. ACUMER 4035 is a general purpose scale inhibitor and dispersant, particularly effective on calcium carbonate, calcium sulfate, barium sulfate and other low solubility salts. This product complies with the requirements of UL classification for drinking water treatment additives in accordance with ANSI/NSF Standard 60. This product has an approval for use in public water supplies in the United Kingdom. Also, ACUMER 4035 contains a preservative to prevent microbiological growth during storage. ACUMER 4450 prevents iron fouling by dispersing iron oxides. It is not poisoned by free iron, contrary to standard acrylic polymers. Also it is an excellent dispersant for calcium carbonate and clay. ACUMER 4450 has European approvals for potable drinking water treatment production (public water supplies in the United Kingdom, KIWA ATA certificate in the Netherlands) as an antiscalant and dispersing agent in thermal desalination and RO applications. CIS - IP 3 3/10/2003

4 ACUMER 4800 is a high performance scale inhibitor for calcium carbonate. It also acts as a dispersant and scale inhibitor on other low solubility salts. ACUMER 4800 has European approvals for potable drinking water treatment production (public water supplies in the United Kingdom, KIWA ATA certificate in the Netherlands) as an antiscalant and dispersing agent in thermal desalination and RO applications. The tables below compare the product efficacy of the ACUMER Polymers with competitive products for inhibiting calcium carbonate and calcium sulfate. The higher the induction time, the better the scale inhibitor. POLYMER PERFORMANCE CALCIUM CARBONATE INHIBITION (INDUCTION TIME BEFORE PRECIPITATION) INDUCTION TIME (MINUTES) BEFORE PRODUCT CALCIUM CARBONATE PRECIPITATION (10 ppm polymer solids) ( 600 ppm CaCO3, ph 9.2, 25ºC) ( 2000 ppm CaCO3, ph 7.6, 40ºC) No Polymer 0 0 ACUMER ACUMER ACUMER Competitive Scale Inhibitor A Competitive Scale Inhibitor B Competitive Scale Inhibitor C POLYMER PERFORMANCE CALCIUM SULFATE INHIBITION (INDUCTION TIME BEFORE PRECIPITATION) PRODUCT (5 ppm polymer solids) 6800 ppm Ca as CaCO3, 30 g/l Na2SO4 (25ºC) INDUCTION TIME (MINUTES) BEFORE CALCIUM SULFATE PRECIPITATION 6800 ppm Ca as CaCO3, 20 g/l Na2SO4 (40ºC) No Polymer ACUMER ACUMER ACUMER Competitive Scale Inhibitor A Competitive Scale Inhibitor B Competitive Scale Inhibitor C As described in the tables above, ACUMER 4800 provides the best calcium carbonate inhibition while ACUMER 4035 and ACUMER 4450 are the best calcium sulfate inhibitors. CIS - IP 4 3/10/2003

5 ACUMER 4450 provides the best dispersancy of inorganic particles commonly found in water that requires membrane treatment. The figures below describe the excellent dispersancy properties of ACUMER 4450 for calcium carbonate, iron oxide, and clay. The higher the turbidity, the better the polymer as a dispersant. POLYMER PERFORMANCE FOR CALCIUM CARBONATE DISPERSANCY TURBIDITY, NTU NO POLYMER ACUMER 4035 ACUMER 4800 ACUMER 4450 POLYMER PERFORMANCE FOR IRON OXIDE DISPERSANCY, NTU POLYMER PERFORMANCE FOR KAOLIN CLAY DISPERSANCY, NTU TURBIDITY, NTU NO POLYMER ACUMER 4035 ACUMER 4450 TURBIDITY, NTU NO POLYMER ACUMER 4035 ACUMER 4450 (Test Conditions: 800 ppm precipitated calcium carbonate, 10 ppm polymer solids, ½ hour settling time; 700 ppm iron oxide, 3 ppm polymer solids, 4 hours settling time; 1000 ppm Kaolin clay, 5 ppm polymer solids, 2 hours settling time) In addition to their excellent performance properties, ACUMER Polymers are non hazardous, chlorine stable, phosphate free, and convenient to handle and meter. In the most difficult cases, ACUMER Polymers can be used in conjunction with acid as the products are stable and effective over a wide ph range. CIS - IP 5 3/10/2003

6 PRODUCT USE The choice and dosage level of ACUMER 4035, ACUMER 4450 and ACUMER 4800 will depend on the analysis of the feed water and on the plant design and operating conditions. Typically, dose rates will vary from 4 to 30 ppm (as is) in the feed water. Metering can be split between different stages of the process depending on the plant design. These polymers can also be added in combination if different types of scale must be inhibited. They should be injected continuously in the neat form directly from the drum, or diluted with softened water before use. The diluted solution should be either used within one day or preserved with a suitable preservative package. HANDLING - STORAGE The products are stable for two years if kept in their original containers under normal storage conditions. When the containers are opened the products should be used within one month. MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEETS MSDS are available for all Rohm and Haas products. These sheets contain pertinent information that you may need to protect your employees and customers against any known health hazards associated with our products. We recommend that you obtain copies of the MSDS from your Rohm and Haas technical representative or from the sales office nearest to you, before using our products in your facilities. We also suggest that you contact your suppliers of the other materials recommended for use with our products for appropriate health and safety precautions before using them. CIS - IP 6 3/10/2003

7 For additional information, a sample, a material safety data sheet or to have a technical representative call, go to or call the nearest Rohm and Haas office (listed below). Sales Offices Asia Pacific Region Australia Tel: Fax: China Tel: Fax: India Tel: Fax: Japan Tel: Fax: Singapore Tel: Fax: Africa, Europe and the Middle East France Tel: Fax: Germany Tel: Fax: Italy Tel: Fax: Spain Tel: Fax: United Kingdom Tel: Fax: North America Canada Tel: Fax: CIS - IP 7 3/10/2003

8 United States Tel: Fax: South America Argentina Tel: Fax: Brazil Tel: Fax: Colombia Tel: Fax: Mexico Tel: Fax: ACUMER is a trademark of Rohm and Haas company, or of its subsidiaries or affiliates. The company s policy is to register its trademarks where products designated thereby are marketed by the company, its subsidiaries or affiliates. These suggestions and data are based on information we believe to be reliable. They are offered in good faith, but without guarantee, as conditions and methods of use of our products are beyond our control, Rohm and Haas Company makes no warranties either expressed or implied as to the accuracy or appropriateness of this data. Rohm and Haas Company expressly disclaims any implied warranty of fitness for a particular use. We recommend that the prospective users determine for themselves the suitability of Rohm and Haas materials and suggestions for any use prior to their adoption. Suggestions for uses of our products or the inclusion of descriptive material from patents and the citation of specific patents in this publication should not be understood as recommending the use of our products in violation of any patent or as permission or license to use any patent of the Rohm and Haas Company. Material Safety Data Sheets outlining known health and safety hazards and handling methods for our products are available on request. Please check the period of validity and the limitations of the Kiwa ATA certificate with your local representative. More information on the web about our products and services, and all our worldwide addresses: Rohm and Haas Consumer and Industrial Specialties CS-766 December 2002 CIS - IP 8 3/10/2003