2013/SCSC/WKSP1/007 Sustainability of Water - Water Reclamation and Reuse

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1 2013/SCSC/WKSP1/007 Sustainability of Water - Water Reclamation and Reuse Submitted by: Haines, Jones & Cadbury Workshop on Sharing Experiences in the Design and Implementation of Green Building Codes Lima, Peru 5-7 March 2013

2 Sustainability of Water Water Reclamation & Reuse ASTM Committee E60 on Sustainability Rick Layton Haines, Jones & Cadbury Why? The world s supply of fresh water is limited and demand is increasing While world population tripled in the 20 th century, the use of water increased six fold Increased demand has intensified energy use and the associated greenhouse gas emissions According to the United Nations, World Water Assessment Program, annual worldwide water usage: Agriculture accounts for 70 percent Industrial accounts for 22 percent Domestic accounts for 8 percent Shutterstock 1

3 Goals? Sustainability To ensure availability for future generations, the withdrawal of fresh water from an ecosystem should not exceed its natural replacement rate. Energy Conservation Water pumping, delivery, and wastewater treatment facilities consume a significant amount of energy. Habitat Conservation Minimizing human water use helps to preserve fresh water habitats for local wildlife and migrating waterfowl, as well as reducing the need to build new dams and other water diversion infrastructure. UNECE Institute for Infrastructural Development What can We do? Ideal Sustainability Pattern on natural cycles and processes Reduce the volume of water we are using. While water may be temporarily diverted from the hydrologic cycle, no measureable difference in total inflows and outflows to a site would be made. While water may be temporarily contaminated, such contamination would not exceed the natural purification capacity of the hydrologic cycle. No measurable degradation of water quality leaving a site would be made. As water moves through the hydrologic cycle it tends to be purified, we must do our best to duplicate the natural process before we re introduce the used water back into hydrological cycle. Distillation Aeration Sedimentation Filtration Dilution Bioremediation 2

4 What can We do? Applied Sustainability Conservation Comprehensive water management plan Buildings Design, construction and operation that improves water conservation include a range of water efficient materials and methods Water Efficient Fixtures and Equipment Toilets and Urinals Faucets and Showerheads Boiler/Steam Systems Single Pass Cooling Equipment Cooling Tower Management Commercial Kitchen Equipment Laboratory/Medical Equipment Water Efficient Site Planning and Landscaping Using native and other climate appropriate landscape materials can reduce irrigation use by more than 50% Operation and Maintenance A distribution system audit, leak detection and repair program can help facilities reduce water losses and make better use of limited water resources Alternate Water Sources Rainwater harvesting as well as water reclamation and reuse offer effective means of conserving the Earth s limited high quality freshwater supplies Aquifer Recharge Artificially recharged with treated wastewater, using either infiltration or injection, or passively recharged by septic tanks, wastewater applied to irrigation and other means ASTM Standards Volume & Water and Environmental Technology Test Methods E60 Committee Standards E Guide for General Principles of Sustainability related to Buildings 1.1 Sustainability has three types of general principles: environmental, economic and social. This guide covers the fundamental concepts and associated building characteristics for each of the general principles of sustainability. E Standard Practice for Water Conservation in Buildings Through In Situ Water Reclamation 1.1 In an effort to help meet growing demands being placed on available water supplies and water treatment facilities, many communities throughout the United States and the world are turning to water reclamation and reuse. Water reclamation and reuse offer an effective means of conserving the Earth s limited high quality freshwater supplies while helping to meet the ever growing demands for water in residential, commercial and institutional development. This practice sets forth a practice for water reuse in buildings and related construction, encompassing both graywater and blackwater in situ reclamation. University at Buffalo 3

5 ASTM Standards E Standard Practice for Estimating the Environmental Load of Residential Wastewater 1.1 This practice provides a set of instructions for estimating the environmental load of residential water, as it is discharged from a residence. The environmental load is calculated based on the number and type of fixtures in the home, the common household chemicals used, and the number of people in the home. While the format is broadly applied internationally, the parameters stated herein reflect North American averages and would need to be modified if used elsewhere. E Standard Practice for Assessment of Rainwater Quality 1.1 This practice Provides a methodology for assessing rainwater quality. E Standard Guide for Water Stewardship in the Design, Construction and Operation of Buildings 1.1 This guide is intended to inform sustainable development in the building industry. It outlines ideal sustainability and applied sustainability for water management, consistent with Guide E2432. Both ideal sustainability and applied sustainability should inform decisions regarding water management. Royalty Free/CORBIS Example / Results During the drought in 2007, Big Box Retailer initiated a Water Conservation Project in which HJC was asked to supply 2,600 high efficiency urinals and water closets to 150 stores. As a result, the retailer saved 446,632 gallons of water in the first year. To date, this prototype change is saving 1,371,160,240 gallons per year. U.S. Drought December

6 Thank You ASTM Committee E60 on Sustainability Rick Layton Haines, Jones & Cadbury 5