Calcium Looping Post Combustion CO 2 Capture: A promising technology for emission free cement production

Transcription

1 Institute of Combustion and Power Plant Technology Prof. Dr. techn. G. Scheffknecht Calcium Looping Post Combustion CO 2 Capture: A promising technology for emission free cement production M. Hornberger, H. Dieter, G. Scheffknecht The 6 th High Temperature Solid Looping Cycles Network Meeting, September 1 st, 2015, Milan

2 Expertise in Lime based Fluidized Bed Processes 20 kw th electrically heated DFB System 5 kw th electrically heated FB batch System Fluidized Bed Processes Calcium Looping (CaL) Chemical Looping (CLC) Oxy-fuel CFB Sorption enhanced reforming (SER) Oxy-fuel SER Fuels Biomass Waste Lignite / Coal Measurement techniques Sorbent Characterization (TGA) Online gas analysis: CO 2, CO, O 2, H 2, CH 4, SO x, NO x Non-condensable HC: GC Tar: wet chemical & online (FID) H 2 S, HCl, NH 3 : wet chemical 200 kw th DFB Pilot Facility 2

3 Calcium Looping Post Combustion CCS CO 2 -lean CO 2 to Storage G 2 CO 2 Conditioning G 1 Steam Generator Power Plant Flue Gas Carbonator T = 650 C CO 2 + CaO CaCO 3 + Heat CaL Steam Generator CaCO 3 CaO Calciner T = 900 C CO 2 -rich CaCO 3 + Heat CO 2 + CaO Make-up Limestone Air Coal Purge O 2 Coal retrofitting to existing facilities Air ASU N 2 low CO 2 separation cost low efficiency penalty 3

4 Calcium Looping Post Combustion CCS General conditions Looping Ratio: 2-10 Make-up Ratio: < 0,1-0,4 Temperature Steam Cycle T Calciner : C T Carbonator : C Flue gas Steam Cycle CO 2 lean CO 2 rich Gas CO 2 : ~ 15 % Fuel Air FB Carobnator FB Calciner Fuel O 2 CaCO 3 Ash Purge 4

5 Calcium Looping Pilot Plant (200 kw th ) Operation Conditions Load: kw th CO 2 -lean CO 2 -rich Gas reci. Sorbent Looping Ratio: 3-13 mol CaO /mol CO2 Total Solid Inventory: kg CaO/CaCO 3 CaCO 3 CaO O 2 O 2 + reci. O 2 + reci. Flue Gas O 2 + reci. 5

6 CO 2 Conc. [vol-%] CO 2 Capture [%] Temperature [ C] Operational Results Carbonator Over 90% capture efficiency achieved over a wide range of operating conditions T Regenerator T Carbonator E CO2 y CO2, in 5 y CO2,out 0 8:05 9:05 10:05 11:05 12:05 13:05 6

7 Operational Results Oxy-fuel Calcination 7

8 8 Operational Results Oxy-fuel Calcination High inlet oxygen concentrations (> 50 vol.-%,dry) possible lower recirculation rates for oxy- CaL calcination (additional CO 2 from calcination) lower humidity of CaL flue gas uniform isothermal conditions

9 Calcium Looping Pilot Plant (200 kw th ) Operation Conditions Load: kw th CO 2 -lean CO 2 -rich Gas reci. Sorbent Looping Ratio: 3-13 mol CaO /mol CO2 Total Solid Inventory: kg CaO/CaCO 3 CaCO 3 CaO O 2 Carbonator CO 2 capture efficiency above 90 % Calciner CO 2 outlet concentrations above 90 vol.-%,dry Inlet O 2 concentrations above 50 vol.-%,dry Excess O 2 outlet concentration below 3 vol.-%,dry Flue Gas O 2 + reci. O 2 + reci. O 2 + reci. 9

10 Cement Plant Clinker Production and Properties Marl / Clay Limestone Additive clinker composition CaO: % SiO 2 : % Mill Al 2 O 3 : 2-6 % Fe 2 O 3 : 0-6 % Raw Meal structural change at 1400 C (rotary kiln) Preheater Fuel CaO + SiO 2 (CaO) 3 SiO 2 & (CaO) 2 SiO 2 flue gas composition Fuel Preparation high CO 2 concentration ~ 30 % Precalciner Rotary Kiln Cooler Clinker Air 10

11 Cement Plant CaL Integration synergy effect between cement plant and CaL-process General conditions Looping Ratio: 2-4 Make-up Ratio: > 1 Flue gas CO 2 : % CO 2 lean CO 2 rich Gas Clinker Cooler Fuel Fuel Preparation Rotary Kiln Preheater Precalciner Raw Meal Marl / Clay Additive FB Carobnator CaO FB Calciner Fuel O 2 CaCO 3 Air 11

12 Summary Calcium looping for power plant application demonstrated at pilot plant scale CO 2 capture efficiency over 90 % CO 2 concentrations over 90 % Feasibility for cement plant application will be investigated at pilot plant scale Effect of high CO 2 flue gas concentration Influence of make-up ratio, sorbent looping ratio Optimal operation conditions 12

13 Thank you for your attention! Acknowledgement This project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under grant agreement no Disclaimer: The European Commission support for the production of this publication does not constitute endorsement of the contents which reflects the views only of the authors, and the Commission cannot be held responsible for any use which may be made of the information contained therein

14 Thank you for your interest! Any Questions? Contact: Hornberger Matthias Institute of Combustion and Power Plant Technology, University of Stuttgart 12