UNIDO and Sustainable Energy in Asia. Sooksiri Chamsuk UNIDO Regional Office in Thailand

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1 UNIDO and Sustainable Energy in Asia Sooksiri Chamsuk UNIDO Regional Office in Thailand 1

2 UNIDO is the United Nations specialized Industrial agency, mandated to promote industrial development and international industrial cooperation. UNIDO seeks to enable the poor to earn a living through : Trade Capacity Building Poverty Reduction through Productive activities Environment and Energy 1

3 Sustainable Energy for All Commitment Source : Sustainable Energy For All: A Global Action Agenda, April

4 World Energy Consumption in 2011 Million tons oil equivalent Consumption % North America 2,3 23% South & Central America 643 5% Europe & Eurasia 2,923 24% Middle East 48 6% Africa 385 3% Asia Pacific 4,803 39% Total 12,25 100% Source : BP Statistical Review of World Energy June

5 ASEAN Energy Consumption ASEAN Brunei Cambodia Indonesia Lao PDR Malaysia Myanmar Philippines Singapore Thailand Viet Nam Million tons oil equivalent during Source : Asian Development Bank (ADB) Key Indicator for Asia and the Pacific

6 ASEAN Energy Consumption Kilotons oil equivalent during TOP 5 1. Indonesia 2. Thailand 3. Malaysia 4. Viet Nam 5. Philippines Source : Asian Development Bank (ADB) Key Indicator for Asia and the Pacific 2012

7 Global Energy Consumption by Sector in 2008 Source : Energy Information Administrative (EIA) 5

8 Asia-Pacific Energy Consumption by Sector in 2008 million tons of oil equivalent % Industry 1, % Residential % Transport % Nonenergy use % Commercial and Public Services 116 4% Nonspecified % Agriculture/Forestry 60. 2% Fishing 1. 0% Total 2, % Source : ADB Evaluation Knowledge Brief on Review of Energy Efficiency Intervention 6

9 Asia-Pacific Energy Consumption by Sector in 2008 Sector Electricity Coal Oil Product Gas Other Total % (million tons of oil equivalent, on net calorific value basis) Industry , % Residential % Transport % Nonenergy use % Commercial and Public Services % Nonspecified % Agriculture/Forestry % Fishing % Total , % Source : ADB Evaluation Knowledge Brief on Review of Energy Efficiency Intervention

10 Industrial Energy Efficiency Source : UNIDO Industrial Development Report 2011

11 Industrial Energy Efficiency Source : UNIDO 2010a, b; IEA 2010b.

12 Industrial Energy Efficiency Source : UNIDO 2011.

13 Energy efficiency = cost saving Of 119 industrial energyefficiency projects that UNIDO assessed in developing countries, the average internal rate of return = slightly more than 40 % Source : UNIDO Industrial Development Report 2011

14 Why so much improvement potential ignored? 1. Market Failures: Insufficient information Split incentives Energy prices and reliability of supply Limited access to capital 2. Behavioral and institutional failures: bounded rationality Imprecise evaluation methods Internal capital budgeting rules Concerns about disruption production Top-down decision-making Source : UNIDO Industrial Development Report 2011: from 160 studies and 96 UNIDO Case studies

15 Why so much improvement potential ignored? 3. Hidden costs Hidden production costs Search costs Transaction cost Premature equipment retirement Rebound effect 4. How the importance of barriers varies Firm size Energy intensity of production process Perceptions about barriers Source : UNIDO Industrial Development Report 2011: from 160 studies and 96 UNIDO Case studies

16 Why so much improvement potential ignored? Industrial energy-efficiency measures are frequently ignored because any saving that could be realized would not compensate for the enormous losses caused by power supply deficiencies Imprecise evaluation methods help explain why companies sometimes decide against profitable energy-efficiency investment and for non-profitable production investment Source : UNIDO Industrial Development Report 2011: from 160 studies and 96 UNIDO Case studies

17 Renewable Energy in Global Energy in 2012 Renewable Energy Share of Global Final Energy Consumption in 2010 Source : REN21.

18 Renewable Energy Development Average Annual Growth Rates of Renewable Energy Capacity and Biofuel Production during Source : REN21.

19 Renewable Energy Development Estimated Renewable Energy Share of Global Electricity Production in 2011 Global New Investments in Renewable Energy in Source : REN21.

20 Renewable Energy in Industrial Application Industrial Energy Mix in 2035 Source : Industrial energy mix in 2035, WEO 450 ppm scenario

21 Renewable Energy in Industrial Application Some of the key industrial applications of renewable are as follows: Cogeneration potential in sugar and rice mills Power/process heat applications based on biomass gasification Biogas/power from Industrial effluents/residues Power generation from industrial solid waste Liquid biofuels transport/power sector Solar thermal and photovoltaic applications

22 Renewable Energy in Industrial Applications Renewables potential in industry by final energy and feedstocks Source : UNIDO Renewable Energy in Industrial Applications.

23 Renewable Energy in Industrial Applications: Biomass for process heat Source : UNIDO Renewable Energy in Industrial Applications.

24 Renewable Energy in Industrial Applications : Biomass feedstocks for process heat Source : UNIDO Renewable Energy in Industrial Applications.

25 Renewable Energy in Industrial Applications: Solar process heat Source : UNIDO Renewable Energy in Industrial Applications.

26 Challenges The present analysis of the long-term potential for renewable energy in industrial applications suggests that up to 21% of all final energy use and feedstock in manufacturing industry in 2050 can be of renewable origin. Overall, an increase in renewable energy in industry has the potential to contribute about 10% of all expected GHG emissions reductions in The competitiveness of biofuels with fossil fuels is strongly dependent on national energy policy frameworks and energy prices. Source : UNIDO Renewable Energy in Industrial Applications.

27 Challenges Renewables are not cost competitive where fossil fuels are subsidised. They are, however, already cost competitive in many cases and many countries with unsubsidised fossil fuels. This potential can only be realized, however, if specific policies are developed to create a business environment conducive to private sector investment, particularly in the transition period. Source : UNIDO Renewable Energy in Industrial Applications.

28 UNIDO Approach on Energy Efficiency Industrial energy system optimization aims to go beyond the currently prevailing equipment approach to energy efficiency in industry. Energy Management Standards ISO constitute a demonstrated effective policy tool and market-based mechanism to bring about sustainable energy efficiency in industry. UNIDO promotes and supports the establishment of comprehensive policy frameworks for industrial energy efficiency hinged on the promulgation and adoption of energy management standards.

29 UNIDO Approach on Renewable Energy Renewable Energy UNIDO pursues a multidimensional and multitrack approach to promoting productive use of renewable energy in developing countries. The Organization currently offers the following services: Technology demonstration Policy support Capacity-building Global Forum activities Information dissemination

30 Highlights of UNIDO Projects Industrial Energy Efficiency Renewable Energy Development Renewable Energy in Industrial Applications 28

31 Industry Energy Efficiency Project in Thailand,Malaysia, Vietnam Nam, Indonesia and Philippines ISO System Optimization Investment PLAN DO CHECK ACT 28

32 Industrial waste to energy Promoting Small Scale Biomass Power Plants in Rural Thailand for Sustainable Renewable Energy Management and Community Involvement Bamboo 100% Culm or Stem 60% Duration 3 years (36 Months from Q Q1 2016) Location Budget USD 95,000 Donor Na-Poon Sub-District, Phrae Province, Thailand Global Environment Facility (GEF) Node 40% Chopstick Making Machine Electricity Available Biomass Charcoal Making Chopstick 12% Waste 48% 29

33 Title Rural Energy in Cambodia Rural energy for productive use and income generation in Cambodia Main purpose: 1. Commercialization of renewable energy technologies (hydropower and biomass/biofuel) for energy service provision and heat process for various productive uses in BM 2. To build local and national capacity "energy service companies" to utilize the commercial potential of RET, mainly hydro and biomass Budget: USD 5, National Counterpart: Department of Energy Technique, Ministry of Industry Mines and Energy 29

34 UNIDO s Projects in energy Title Energy Efficiency Promoting Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy in Selected Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) Clusters in India Donor Global Environment Facility (GEF) Renewable Energy Title Renewable Energy Based Economic Development : PV/Wind/Hybrid based Rural Community Development Centres in Remote Islands in India (Laccadives) 33

35 Thank You Sooksiri Chamsuk Programme Officer UNIDO ROBKK Tel: ,