Palawan State University, Puerto Princesa City, Philippines 2. Eastern Visayas State University, Leyte, Philippines 3
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1 The role of the academic and research institutions in undertaking research and developing management strategies to address the climate change impacts on fisheries and associated coastal resources: Examples of some initiatives in the Philippines Michael D. Pido 1, Elvira A. Martija 2, Maripaz L Perez 3, Ruth S.Guzman 4, Elen R Basug 5 Len R Garces 3 and Teresita L Salva 1 1 Palawan State University, Puerto Princesa City, Philippines 2 Eastern Visayas State University, Leyte, Philippines 3 WorldFish Center, SEARCA Office, Laguna, Philippines 4 Rizal Technological University, Metro Manila, Philippines 5 Philippine Association of Tertiary Level Educational Institutions in Environmental Protection and Management
2 Outline 1. Context of fisheries management in the Philippines 2. Research undertakings of academic institutions in Region 8 3. Tandem of academic/research institutions with government agencies 4. Initiatives of Palawan State University 5. Management implications
3 Fisheries Management in the Philippines Local government units (LGUs) Municipal fisheries Within 15 km Department of Agriculture-Bureau of Fisheries and Aquatic Resources Commercial fisheries Aquaculture Outside 15 km (national waters)
4 Exacerbating Challenge with Climate Change! Logging Versus Tourism Fisheries
5 Photo credit: PCSDS Photo credit: PCSDS Critical Fisheries Habitats 1. Mangroves 2. Seagrasses 3. algal beds 4. coral reefs Photo credit: PCSDS Photo credit: WWF
6 Threats to Fisheries and Coastal Resources All Photo credits: PCSDS
7 Local government units National government agencies Fishing associations Local communities Fisheries Stakeholders Civil society groups Academe / research organizations Consumers Vicarious users
8 Study Sites Region 2 (Babuyan Channel) - ICRMP Region 5 (San Miguel Bay) FSP/FRMP Region 8 (Sogod Bay) - FRMP CARAGA (Lanuza Bay) - FISH
9 Outline 1. Context of fisheries management in the Philippines 2. Research undertakings of academic institutions in Region 8 3. Tandem of academic/research institutions with government agencies 4. Initiatives of Palawan State University IV 5. Management implications
10 Documentation of coastal issues/ strategies about climate change
11 Climate variabilities in coastal areas unusual heavy rains typhoon direction shift increase in ocean temperature sea level rise Flooding Vulnerability of fisheries
12 Fisheries Impacts > frequency of harmful algal blooms coral bleaching resulted in decrease in fish catch from 30 tons/year to 26 tons/year.
13 Outline 1. Context of fisheries management in the Philippines 2. Research undertakings of academic institutions in Region 8 3. Tandem of academic/research institutions with government agencies 4. Initiatives of Palawan State University IV 5. Management implications
14 Participatory Methods
15 Fisheries Issues Identified Issues Region 2 Babuyan Channel Region 5 San Miguel Bay Region 8 Sogod Bay Region 13 Lanuza Bay Climate change Overfishing Land based pollution Habitat degradation
16 Problem Tree for San Miguel Bay Fisheries Diminishing Resources Declining Fish Catch Low Fish Catch / Production 1.No Alternative livelihood 3 limited Infrastructure 5.Overfishing 7.Habitat destruction 8 logistical support of LGU 10 - Weak law enforcement 12 - Climate change 2 - Lack of Education 4 - Population pressure 6 - Siltation 8. Solid Waste 9 - Resourceuse conflicts 11. Uncoordinated efforts of LGU Low Income Poor past harvest facilities Destructive Fishing Mangrove cuttin More Plans no funds Conflict Mgt Unsustainable support to law enforcement Regulation for by-catch Low moral value Lack of IEC Handling finance Fish farmer don t value time Inadequate gov t social service Minimal research on Agu fisheries Sakit na dala ng dayo mangingisda Illegal fishing Multi gear system Multi gear system Excessive gathering of Juvenile Coral distribution Developing beaches into tourist spots Conversion of mangrove are for other land No rehab plan Achievable target w/ timeline Lack of fund support from LGU Costal dev t Completion space & gear use in catching fish Encroachment of commercial fisher to municipal water Continue operations of commercial fisher w/in SMB No unified ordinance Discard of catch Bogistic Extraction Dynamite Fishing
17 Participatory Systems Appraisal Quadrant SYMPTOM Element greatly influenced by other elements CRITICAL Accelerator or catalyst BUFFER Development activities expected to have little impact MOTOR/LEVER active element with predictable impacts 0
18 Risk Analysis Template Consequence Level Minor Moderate Major Extreme Likelihood Remote Unlikely Possible Likely ESD SUBPROGRAM
19 Where to intervene? High priority issue Region 2 Babuyan Channel Region 5 San Miguel Bay Region 8 Sogod Bay Region 13 Lanuza Bay Climate change Governance constraint Population pressure Weak Policy Weak Enforcement Limited local government support
20 Outline 1. Context of fisheries management in the Philippines 2. Research undertakings of academic institutions in Region 8 3. Tandem of academic/research institutions with government agencies 4. Initiatives of Palawan State University 5. Management implications
21 Integration of climate change into curriculum Bachelor degrees Graduate program Basic education Outreach programs
22 Habitat protection
23 bio-fencing
24 Outline 1. Context of fisheries management in the Philippines 2. Research undertakings of academic institutions in Region 8 3. Tandem of academic/research institutions with government agencies 4. Initiatives of Palawan State University IV 5. Management implications
25 Crucial role of academic and research institutions 1. Information dissemination - climate change as important cross-cutting issue 2. generate information about the relationship of climate change and fisheries/coastal management 3. provide science-based recommendations for local government units 4. Develop/undertake relevant measures
26 Seeing the Bigger Picture Coastal Ecosystem Goods and Services Erosion control Aesthetic beauty Coastal protection Fishery habitats Biodiversity Food Threats pollution Erosion/sedimentation Habitat destruction or conversion Over-harvesting of resources Climate change Sea level rise Uncontrolled development Negative impacts Greater poverty and hunger Loss of biodiversity Loss of use, non-use and option values Negative effects on employment and income More use conflicts
27 Linkage among climate change fisheries management and sustainable livelihoods
28 Partnerships with Policy Makers and Politicians!
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