UNCLASSIFIED. Comprehensive Ontology for Military Operations. J. Wesley Regian, Ph.D. CTC Principal Investigator

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1 Comprehensive Ontology for Military Operations J. Wesley Regian, Ph.D. CTC Principal Investigator

2 - Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited Comprehensive Ontology for Military Ops MUSE COMO General Architecture Joint C3 Information Exchange Data Model Army Universal Task List Non Kinetic Ops Entities and Events Human Terrain Entities and Events Asymmetric Ops Entities and Events Counter Insurgency Entities and Events Entity Base Event Base Comprehensive OWL Military Ontology RDF Description RDF Description RDF Description RDF Description RDF Description The views expressed are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the U.S. Government. Black Hawk Down Fallujah Uprising Search for Saddam Financier Meets Bomb Maker London Bombings

3 COMO Scenario/Story (Event Sequence) Modeling for Reasoning about Tasks Past, Progressing, or Planned

4 COMO Modeling of Human Terrain Organizations and Networks Human Network AK Network ID Network Goal AK Goal ID Name Method Network Agenda AK Agenda ID Name Goal Method * Name Type AoO Agenda Goal Method Member Ally Rival Network Member AK Member ID ** Name Role AoO Skill Goal Method Ally Rival Network Task AK Task ID Name Task * Network Type could be political, social, tribal, familial, business, religious, or other (analyst defined) * * Member roles can range from setting the agenda, establishing methods, planning tasks, to performing tasks

5 COMO Abstraction Hierarchy for Network Agenda, Goals, Methods, and Tasks ABSTRACT Network Concept (ex. Islamic Fundamental ist Network) Ideological Agenda overarching objectives driven by ideological stance (Ex. Universal Sharia Law, supplant other religions, etc ) Strategic Goals strategies to achieve ideological agenda (Ex. influence public opinion, no foreign military, etc.) Tactical Methods methods to achieve strategic goals (Ex. terror, propaganda, etc ) CONCRETE Network Instance (ex. Al Qaeda) Strategic Goals strategies to achieve ideological agenda (Ex. influence public opinion, no foreign military, etc ) Tactical Methods methods to achieve strategic goals (Ex. large scale terror attacks, occasional propaganda, etc ) Tactical Tasks plans or parts of plans for tactical event sequences planned (event sequences that are or may be planned in the future) progressing (event sequences that are or may be unfolding in the present) past (Ex. 9/11 Jetliner attacks)

6 Formal Modeling of Agenda, Goals, Methods, and Tasks: Changes of State Water: Liquid Water: Frozen Process Water Water: Liquid Water: Frozen State-of State-Transition

7 Formal Modeling of Agenda, Goals, Methods, and Tasks: Changes of State Govt: Secular Govt: Theocratic Task Govt Govt: Secular Govt: Theocratic State-of State-Transition

8 Formal Modeling of Agenda, Goals, Methods, and Tasks: Changes of State Level of Abstraction Entity State Change Agenda Nation/Region (Foreign Military Present Not Present) (Constitutional Law Sharia Law) Goals Government (Secular Rule Theocratic Rule) (Authoritarian Rule Democratic Rule) Methods Population (Orderly Chaotic) (Complacent Terrorized) Group (Friendly Hostile) (Hostile Friendly) Tasks Individual (Alive Dead) (At Large Captured) (Unknown Location Known Location) (Unknown Allegiance Known Allegiance)

9 Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited Multi-Source (MUSE) Intelligence Integration J. Wesley Regian, Ph.D. CTC Principal Investigator MUSE is a component of the Collaborative Analytic Fusion Environment (CAFÉ) CAFÉ Program & Contractors Managed by USASMDC/ARSTRAT Concurrent Technologies Corporation MUSE Ontology, Reasoning & Decision Support Potomac Fusion Inc. Fusion Exploitation Framework & DCGS A Semandex Inc. Semantic Search & Information Fusion The views expressed are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the U.S. Government.

10 Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited CAFE: Collaborative Analytic Fusion Environment Capitalizes on Multi-Source Intelligence Integration (MUSE) for analogical, hierarchical, and abstract reasoning about nefarious networks Comprehensive Military Ontology (COMO) for machine understanding of entities and activities Artificial Intelligence (AI) machine reasoning to develop machine situation awareness Social Network Analysis (SNA) to model and understand human domain Fusion Exploitation Framework (FEF) for bringing in real-time sensor data Semantic search (Tango) for reducing set of input source material The views expressed are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the U.S. Government.

11 - Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited - The views expressed are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the U.S. Government.

12 - Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited - The views expressed are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the U.S. Government.

13 - Approved for Public Release, Distribution Unlimited - The views expressed are those of the author and do not reflect the official policy or position of the Department of Defense or the U.S. Government.

14 COMO: Prototype Applications COMO has been applied to MUSE (Multi-Source Intelligence Integration) Analysis of nefarious human network activities in counter-terrorist and counter-insurgency operations MARS (Military Analogical Reasoning System) Machine reasoning to automatically derive lessons learned from past military operations and apply those lessons to current operations PLUTO (Planning for Urban Terrain Operations) Route planning for military operations in urban terrain US Army Apache AH64D CBM Condition based maintenance of attack helicopters