Introduction to RFID

Transcription

1 Introduction to RFID Hu Hai Year 1 Mphil Student What is RFID? Radio frequency identification, or RFID, is a generic term for that use radio waves to automatically identify people or objects. Typical RFID system includes: 1. An antenna or coil 2. A transceiver (with decoder) 3. A transponder (RF tag) electronically programmed with unique information

2 1. WHAT IS RFID? BRIEF HISTORY Radar refined and used, major World War II development effort. RFID invented in Early explorations of RFID technology, laboratory experiments Development of the theory of RFID. Start of applications field trials Explosion of RFID development. Tests of RFID accelerate Commercial applications of RFID enter mainstream Emergence of standards. RFID widely deployed. 1. WHAT IS RFID? RFID CATEGORIES RFID System Low Frequency 30KHz-50Kz High Frequency 13.56MHz, 850MHz, 2.4GHz RFID Tags Passive Active

3 2.Why Using RFID? COMPARISON WITH BARCODE One piece per time Need visible laser to read Position sensible Slow reading speed Cannot update once made Limited information storage Multi pieces per time Using microwave to read Faster reading speed Updating possible Larger information storage 2. WHY USING RFID? RFID APPLICATIONS EAS Electronic Article Surveillance EAS is arguably the first and most widespread commercial use of RFID Vehicle Control Readers placed at fueling stations, gates and other access points can be used to enable access or egress as well as to record the exact time at which a particular truck and container entered or left the terminal.

4 2. WHY USING RFID? In Logistics 1. Attach RFID tags to products 2. Attach RFID tags to the roll cages 3. Readers read the tags 6. Easy management 5. Arrive the supermarket 4. Decode and Recognize 2. WHY USING RFID? RFID IN THE FUTURE RFID become even more ubiquitous Higher Frequency Faster reading speed Farther distance Lower cost I believe RFID will enable a more convenient life in the future

5 3.How Does RFID Work? Reader : interrogator with an antenna. Reader sends out electromagnetic waves Tag : made up of a microchip with an antenna, which is tuned to receive these waves. A passive RFID tag draws power from field created by the reader and uses it to power the microchip s circuits. The chip then modulates the waves that the tag sends back to the reader and the reader converts the new waves into digital data. 3. HOW DOES RFID WORK? RFID SYSTEM BLOCK DIAGRAM

6 3. HOW DOES RFID WORK? TYPICAL PROFILE Readers Model: Alien Technology ALR-9640 Frequency: MHz ISM band Protocol:EPC Class 1 Antennas:Single, integrated antenna Model: e*tag ET-WS Frequency:13.56 MHz Reading Distance: Up to 6" (15.24 cm) Tags Other vendors: Philips, TI, WJ Model: PLITEK PRF-140 Frequency: MHz Protocol: ISO Memory: EEPROM 32 64bits Model: Alien Technology ALL-9238 Frequency: UHF (2450MHz) Size: 95mm x 10mm Protocol: EPC class 1 Other vendors: rfcode, Philips 3. HOW DOES RFID WORK? RFID STANDARDS UID - Ubiquitous ID The Ubiquitous ID Center operates within the T- Engine Forum, which includes UID technology work group and UID applications work group EPC - Electronic Product Code A joint venture between EAN International and the Uniform Code Council, Inc., carries forth the research completed by the Auto-ID Center to work toward the development of industry-accepted standards and commercial adoption

7 4.The Drawbacks of Current RFID The size of RFID tag - Can it be smaller? Power supply - Are your tags still working? Accuracy and reliability - Is RFID really as good as vendors say? Is RFID technology durable enough to get the job done? The price tag: An outline of all the costs involved Weighing the benefits against the costs to make the right Choice 5. Controversy Is your privacy still safe?

8 References [1] [2] [3] [4] [5] [6] [7] [8] [9] [10] [11] [12] Jeremy Landt Shoulds of time the history of RFID, 2001, AIM Inc. [13] Klaus Finkenzeller RFID handbook, 2 nd edition, 2003, Wiley & Sons LTD