SMART ATTENDANCE AND AUTO NOTIFICATION SYSTEM USING RFID

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1 e-issn Volume 2 Issue 7, July 2016 pp Scientific Journal Impact Factor : SMART ATTENDANCE AND AUTO NOTIFICATION SYSTEM USING RFID Vikas Kumar Ranjan 1, Shri Sanjay Kumar Singh 2 1,2 Department of Electronics Design & Technology, NIELIT, Gorakhpur Abstract In recent years, there have been rise in the number of applications based on Radio Frequency Identification (RFID) systems and have been successfully applied to different areas as diverse as transportation, health-care, agriculture, and hospitality industry to name a few. RFID technology facilitates automatic wireless identification using electronic passive and active tags with suitable readers. In this paper, an attempt is made to solve recurrent lecture attendance monitoring problem in developing countries using RFID technology. The application of RFID to student attendance monitoring as developed and deployed in this study is capable of eliminating time wasted during manual collection of attendance and an opportunity for the educational administrators to capture face-to-face classroom statistics for allocation of appropriate attendance scores and for further managerial decisions. Keywords Radio-frequency identification (RFID), Students attendance, RFID applications, Electronic passive and active tags I. INTRODUCTION Now-a-days, there are lots of colleges and Universities around the world and some of them consist of students up to thousands or more. To handle a large number of students may be a problem especially to get the attendance of the students. The manual process is that whenever a lecturer comes to class, he came with a register and manually take attendance by calling roll-numbers. This manual process has some flaws because in a case where students can cheat by saying attendance of their friends, the another problem is that the lecturer had to take care of the register and enter the attendance into the log (or) data-base, calculate the attendance percentage. This would be a big problem in the colleges and Universities. The suitable solution for this problem is by designing a system that will record attendance automatically. In this project, RFID system is used to record the numbers of students attendance automatically. Radio-frequency identification (RFID) is a technology that uses radio waves to transfer data from an electronic tag, called RFID tag or label, attached to an object, through a reader for the purpose of identifying and tracking the object. Unlike barcodes, RFID tags can be read hundreds at a time. Bar codes can only be read one at a time. The RFID system design includes a method of discriminating several tags that might be within the range of the RFID reader. Radio frequency identification (RFID) is a matured technology that incorporates the use of electromagnetic or electrostatic coupling in the radio frequency portion of the electromagnetic spectrum to uniquely identify an object, animal, or person. RFID chips contain a radio transmitter that emits a coded identification number when queried by a reader device. Some RFID tags can be read from several meters away and beyond the line of sight of the reader. The application of bulk reading enables an almost-parallel reading of tags. This small type is incorporated in consumer products, and even implanted in pets, for All rights Reserved 190

2 The problem of handling the attendance of number of students can be sorted out by this RFID technology. The ID cards of the students is embedded with RFID tag which is read by a reader. This RFID system is interfaced to a database through a computer or some electronic circuits. This method is more effective to prevent problem encountered when getting attendance manually. The components that the RFID technology consists are RFID Reader and RFID Tag. The tag's information is stored electronically. The RFID tag includes a small RF transmitter which transmits an encoded radio signal to interrogate the tag, and receiver which receives the message and responds with its identification information. II. OVERVIEW OF MANUAL PROCESS Student attendance has been recorded using manual processes. Generally student attendance recording process in schools was shown in following flow chart. START Teachers get the student name list from the school Teachers call student name one by one and mark their attendance and absenteeism At the end of the day teacher calculate the attendance and No If student absent > 3 days without valid reason Yes Warning letter send to parent /guardian Parent feedback recorded in school record END Fig:- 1 overview of manual process of attendance A Lecturer is provided with the class list, normally arranged in weekly or monthly basis for each class. Since the attendance does not involve any system or application, calculation on student attendance and absenteeism remain tedious. There is a high tendency of wrong calculation due to human error; hence it affects the overall computation of the student attendance. A research was conducted to understand the need of developing and implementing the attendance management system in schools it was observed that there is a higher need for these systems even in the high school levels. The rest of this paper reviews related works with a special emphasis on RFID and its applications, it then introduces the methodology used to design the proposed system and it s testing, then the conclusion is found that the problem of manual attendance system can be resolved using RFID All rights Reserved 191

3 III Block Diagram of Proposed System RFID BASED ATTENDANCE SYSTEM RASPBERRY -PI BOARD GUI interface for sending notification or SMS RFID TAG RFID READER OR COMPUTER Database of the student The proposed system presents a generic application design to automate and enhance the manual work of recording and reporting in real-time, the Time and Attendance System in Educational institutes. A Log is maintained in the Database, which contains timely information of the Tag s Enter/ Exit. From the log maintained, total Stay- In time of the Student in the class is calculated, if the time is equal to required time (criterion fixed by the University Administration), he/ she is marked Present else marked Absent in the Database. In addition to this attendance, Faculty Attendance is also marked in the Database. The Unauthorized/ Unregistered entry of Student/ Faculty/ Administrator is also checked. Student s Attendance weight-age is also calculated in order to confirm their eligibility to sit in exam. The whole data compiled after marking attendance can be used to deduce different information i.e. depicting behaviors of students etc from the records and also reducing the burden of taking attendance, maintaining them and making a report on it by the lecturers Flow Chart Of Proposed System The below flow chart shows the steps involved in attendance handling system of number of students using RFID. The students are enrolled in the data base and are provided a RFID enabled ID card. When students the class with RFID enabled ID card, RFID scanner read the data from tag having student information. The RFID tag includes a small RF transmitter which transmits an encoded radio signal to interrogate the tag, and receiver which receives the message and responds with its identification information. An RFID system tracks the exact time a student enters or leaves a lecture hall. Since scanners from a distance of up to 10 meters can read tags, readers will have to be stationed at vantage places.the use of passive tags in the student identification system is most appropriate because of lower cost and lighter weight it possess. Passive tags get their energy from the remote RFID All rights Reserved 192

4 START Enroll the student in the database and provide a RFID enabled ID card Students enter in class with RFID tag enabled RFID Scanner read the data from tag having student information Is information present in the database NO YES Update the attendance of respective student with time and send a notification to student s parent END There are some guidelines to be considered when designing any RFID based system as shown in the TABLE 1. Guidelines Safety Cost Accuracy Network Flexibility and Scalability Ease of use Ambient Explanations The effectiveness of an artifact should not depend on location, time or be harmful to those who interact with it The design and installation cost must be realistic. Running cost should be minimal, and, in this manner, reusing RFID Cards will help the system to keep minimum deployment cost. The system needs to be capable of reducing the manpower requirements. Technology-aided attendant management processes should result in more accurate and efficient results than those from manual practices. Network coverage should be the most suitable for small device communication, capable of scaling to meet the eventual needs of an application. RF was selected because the distance from the various classrooms to the Server is not up to 300 meters In order to successfully integrate with other educational management systems,this system must be flexible in terms of its implementation,and have minimum infrastructure requirements for setting up the system. The system must be portable,so that the functionality can be transferred to new projects. It should be easy to mobilise, be simple and user friendly in its operations and, at the same time, reduce errors associated with human roles. Environment Technology must work well when natural illumination is low, obstructions are present, and the likelihood of signal multipath is All rights Reserved 193

5 Ruggedness Time Power Efficiency Such a system must be rugged enough to withstand harsh construction environments, which are inherently exposed to adverse conditions, such as: dust, rain, mud and snow. It should take minimal time for initial set up. The effortless data collection processes must require less time for identifying and locating materials and equipment than manual searching The power consumed by the system must be relatively optimized in order to guarantee a long run power efficiency Table 1: shows the guidelines for constructing RFID based system IV. CONCLUSION This paper attempted to design and build a prototype RF based RFID students attendant management information system to resolve the inefficiencies involved in the manual processes of collecting, storing and processing of students attendant information.the initial tests conducted have revealed that the system is capable of handling the attendant process more efficiently than the manual processes. Despite the challenges associated with implementing information technology such as cost of tools and equipment as well as training of the system users, cost of deploying the system and possible resistance from students to the use of the system, the advantages of this system improves the operations of student attendance processes. Replacing the current system with the proposed system will help the administration to monitor student attendance easily, help the department solve attendance problem and get details of students at the schools through the database and generate various student s attendance reports from the system. REFERENCES [1] Radio frequency identification (RFID) based attendance, Academic Research International ISSN-L: , ISSN: Vol. 2, No. 2, March [2] Radio frequency identification (RFID) based attendance system with automatic door unit, Academic Research International ISSN-L: , ISSN: Vol. 2, No. 2, March [3] Web-based Student Attendance System using RFID Technology 2012 IEEE Control and System Graduate Research Colloquium. [4] Mahyidin, M.F. Student Attendance Using RFID System December 2012] [5] Lim, T.S., S.C. Sim, and M.M. Mansor. RFID based attendance system. in Industrial Electronics & Applications, ISIEA IEEE Symposium on [6] RFID Gazette (2006), RFID-enabled library, 17 April, available at: [7] R. Glidden and C. Bockorick (2004), Design of ultra- low-cost UHF RFID tags for supply chain applications, IEEE Communications Magazine, Vol. 42 No. 8, pp [8] K. Finkenzeller, RFID Handbook, 2nd ed., Wiley & Sons, Chichester. ISBN: All rights Reserved 194