Potential of UAV for field sensing!! Advanced Remote Sensing

Transcription

1 Potential of UAV for field sensing!! Advanced Remote Sensing HONDA Kiyoshi Int l Digital Earth Applied Science Research Center (IDEAS) Chubu University hondak@isc.chubu.ac.jp UAV ( Unmanned Aerial Vehicle ) became realistic sensor platform for agriculture Monitoring of rice field at Aichi Irrigation Command Area in Handa City

2 ! Unmanned Air Vehicle(UAV) or System(UAS)! Long history of no-pilot aircraft development! From Military to Civil Applications! Recent Development! Sophisticated sensor fusion control! Autopilot! Low-Cost! 3D solution software UAV Overview! Great potential for application! Utilizing UAV as a sensor platform! Fixed Wing Rotor Type! 100g to several 10 kg payload UAV Applications! Civil application! Reconnaissance, Security! Surveying topographic! Scientific monitoring Air Pollution! Agriculture - Pesticide application, Monitoring! Video shooting! Logistics Pizza, DHL, medicine! Disaster Nuclear power plant, volcanic eruption! Etc.

3 UAV as a remote sensing platform! Multi-scale RS! Limitation! Filling Gap between Satellite-Aircraft and Ground Sensors/Measurement! Satellite Global > several 100sq.km! Aircraft several 100sq.m - several 10 sq.km! UAV 10 sq.km 0.1 sq.km! Of course depends of capability of platform! Flying below cloud level! Meter ( rota) to 300m or higher! Mobility Just fly ( small UAV)! Very high resolution 10 cm mm! Low-cost! Multi-stereo-image -> 3D! Flying duration! Coverage! Payload! Legal regulation! Limited sensor weight Modeling on Big Data for Scenario Simulation Satellite RS UAV Sensor Network Yield, Soil, etc. Crop Model Weather Cloud & Data Integration Model Calibration HPC (GPGPU, Cluster, GRID) LAI Agri. Machines, Application records Comparison of Satellite LAI and Simulated LAI DOY LAI_sat LAI_sim Scenario Simulation Real Time Update Decision Making

4 Ubiquitous Field Sensor Network! Small and Low-Cost Sensors! New Field Platforms! Mobile Internet! Real-time field information from anywhere! Environment, Disaster, Agriculture, Logistics, etc.! Monitoring Panel, Early Warning, Simulation + Mobile Internet Low Cost Sensor CO2: SenseAir Field Platform FieldServer: NARC Ubiquitous Field Sensor Network cloudsense Sensor Back-end Cloud Service Based on Int l Standard cloudsense Low Cost Implementation/ Operation and Interoperability Field Sensor Sensor Back-end Cloud Service Application

5 Utilizing UAV as a real-time Sensor Network Node Information while flying to rescue team The system is used in Japan Cooperative with Dr.Nagai, University of Tokyo, Japan cloudsense Sensefly - swinglet! sensefly ( Switzerland )! autopilot! Payload 150grams! Georeference Mosaic Service! Euro/sq.km! DEM Service! Euro/sq.km! Option to Change Camera to Arm7 Linux! Approx. 10,000USD! Video (0:40)

6 Agriculture Project In Obihiro Flying Under Cloud Usual RGB image

7 NIR Image Resolution from 100m altitude

8 Flight Planning Deciding Area, Resolution, Overlap Flight Monitoring, Actual Flight Pat, Offload many photos

9 Data Processing Image Matching, External Orientation, Dense Matching, 3D Reconstruction, Projection, Mosaic Proprietary Pix4Mapper, etc. Free SfM, etc. Structure from Motion (SfM) Mosaic and Publishing

10 3D Processing Mr. Kumpee Teeravech Easy Autopilot UAV

11 Mikrokopter! HiSystems (Gemany )! half autonomous flight! Set waypoints! Payload 0.8-1kg! Video Microdrones! Microdrones(Gemany )! autonomous flight! MD4-200! 200g payload! MD4-1000! 1,200g payload! Video (1:55)

12 Falcon-PARS! (Japan )! autonomous flight! Generation of DEM! Video FUJI-IMVAC! Long-range UAV! 1,400km! Video 1400km feature=player_embedded&v=usrj9eqpox4#t=255

13 Field Touch Overview Real Time and spatial information for decision making An information platform to provide useful information on crop cultivation to farmers and other stakeholders " Higher Yield " Better Quality " Land Management " Cost reduction " Risk Management " Inherit/Sharing Farming Skill Farm log / SNS Scenario Simulation Precision Farming Application Crop, Land, Weather Monitoring Native or OGC API Satellite / Aircraft / UAV observation Field Sensor Network Cloud based Data source Own or Externa sensing devices Fieldtouch Agri. Info Service! Development led by IHI. Chubu U provides sensor cloud, simulation and UAV technology! Support Precision Farming using Satellite RS, Sensor Network, Simulation Technologies! Currently serving to 120 Farmers in Hokkaido/Japan! Going to be world wide Agricultural treatment history Real time weather, soil moisture, photos, Processed as a convenient form such as temp accumulation graphs. Heavy access from farmers every morning. cloudsense provides data via SOS, enabling quick adding/modification of sensor nodes High-Resolution Satellite RS updated every two weeks. Monitor spatial variability of growth in fields to adjust fertilizer. Airborne and UAV images will be integrated in 2013.

14 Multi-scale Remote Sensing Satellite B, G, R, RE, NIR Aircraft Hyper Spectral / NIR Camera UAV RGB/NIRGB Camera Swinglet CAM RapidEye 3,500km2 6.5m resolution 2 3 image/month distribution Cessna 9.9km2(4720m 2115m) 10 50km2 / flight 1 5m Various type of sensors Sensefly SwingletCam/ ebee 1 10km2 / flight 5 10cm resolution Super high reso, easy depoloyment Copyright 2013 IHI IHI Corporation All All Rights Reserved. UAV : Obihiro : NIR (8cm) 38 images VIR (8cm) 39 images

15 UAV : Obihiro : NIR G B DN value NDVI = NIR RED NIR + RED R G B DN value UAV-RapidEye NDVI Comparison RapidEye (6.5m) UAV (8cm) Overall Tendency is satisfactory, however variability in a farm is influenced by mosaicing, e.g. different RGB, NIRGB camera position, different exposure, different location in images ( vignetting )

16 Ikemori-NDVI Similar results for flight-2 and flight-4 G/B from VIS R-NDVI G/B from NIR G-NDVI B-NDVI Generating topographic data from UAV images to understand the angulations of famr lands. Higher places are always dry and growth of crops is not better. UAV

17 Precision Farming fertilizer application map based on NDVI from satellites GPS Controlled fertilizer applicator Continuous monitoring by satellite NDVI As one of Agricultural Robots T. FUKATSU, NARO, JSPS (B) From: Parrot SA

18 Nuclear waste contamination monitoring Becoming rapidly popular in various application fields Several cm ground resolution with grate mobility Mosaicing and 3D re-constrution Flexible sensor configuration ( 100g to several kg ) Under cloud flight is possible Fixed wing type Long range but vertical photos Visible and Near Infrared Camera Rotor Type Great freedom in flying paths and payload sensors, But not a long flight range Geiger Counter Video Behind De-contaminated Forest (Numeri, Fukushima) Link to mosaic tesla2.isc.chubu.ac.jp/uavmosaics/ iitate.html Decontaminat ed Forest 3D Model

19 De-contaminated Forest (Numeri, Fukushima) Volume measurement of contaminated soil in Sugaya, Fukushima Link to Mosaic Flight 17 Nov D Model Movie 3D DSM extraction using RGB as reference RGB Pyramid Identification Numbering Sample Data & Total Volume Pyramid No. Volume (m3) , Total Volume 25, Link to Report

20 UAV Radiation Measurement at Sugaya, Fukushima by UAV GPS UAV GPS UAV GPS record from the geiger counter ( unstable ) was matched with a GPS set on the UAV Time West pyramids show higher radiation. Auto flight to fix the course is required. Time lag of the observation to be considered. usv/h KML You tube Video of KML Kumpee Summary! High potential as sensing platforms! New applications! Agriculture! Field Survey! Security! Logistics! Disaster! Keep updated