Glass Bonding. Requirements, Product Range, and Design Examples. Compression shear specimens according to DELO Standard 5

Transcription

1 Glass Bonding Requirements, Product Range, and Design Examples Compression shear specimens according to DELO Standard 5

2 thanks to bonding technology DELO has developed UV- and light-curing acrylates that are specifically adapted to the requirements of glass bonding. Classic examples of use include glass furniture, bathroom scales and bonding of design elements. Meanwhile, these acrylates are also used for large-area and structural interior bonding such as office partition walls or shower enclosures. The key requirements to be met by these adhesives are good adhesion to glass and long-term resistance of the bonded joint, as well as high and permanent transparency of the adhesives. Neither elevated temperatures nor UV radiation (sunlight) may lead to discoloration. A selection of satisfied customers: Artweger GmbH & Co. KG, BSH Bosch und Siemens Hausgeräte GmbH, Duscholux AG, Glasstech Co., Ltd., Hansgrohe AG, Heinz-Glas GmbH, Irlbacher Blickpunkt Glas GmbH, König & Neurath AG, LIF Light Innovation Future GmbH, Montblanc-Simplo GmbH, Dr. Ing. Willing GmbH, and many more DELO s glass adhesives are perfect for bonding transparent materials: DELO-PHOTOBOND 1-component acrylate, UV-/light-curing Fast curing in just seconds Colorless and transparent Resistant to yellowing and lightfast Resistant to climatic conditions and chemicals Tension-equalizing DELO-PHOTOBOND: Ideal for bondings with high requirements on appearance 2

3 Bonding of chrome-plated zinc die casting for glass shower enclosures. Resistance to yellowing, excellent resistance to humidity and chemicals. Source: Duscholux AG The adhesives introduced in the application examples cure in wavelength ranges from 320 to 400 nm (UV-curing adhesives) and 320 to 420 nm or 320 to 450 nm (UV- and light-curing adhesives), depending on the product type. The UV- and light-curing products can also be cured through LSG (laminated safety glass). In addition, it is even possible to completely cure adhesive layers with a thickness up to 3 mm. DELO-PHOTOBOND should only be used for interior glass bonding! Gamma X-rays Radio waves Microwaves IR Radiation energy in ev Wavelength in nm UV Visible light VUV UVC UVB UVA Radiation-curing adhesives cure by exposure to UV or visible light. The wavelengths used range from 100 nm to 800 nm Wavelength in nm 3

4 on glass adhesives High transparency Glass adhesives must remain transparent over the entire lifetime of the bonded product, even under intensive insolation. A sunlight simulator imitates the conditions, and a special L*a*b* colorimeter determines the transparency values. The b* value, in particular, is a good indicator for the yellowness of a specimen. It must lie between 0 and 5 for invisible connections. Typical average values of disparate DELO glass adhesives are listed in the chart below. The radiation intensity in the simulator approximates five times the average intensity of radiation in Western Europe. DELO s acrylates remain permanently transparent, even after 1,000 h in a sunlight simulator. Customary acrylates exhibit strong yellowing already after stored in the simulator for 72 h, even if the adhesive layer is only thin. DELO-PHOTOBOND Customary acrylate UV test b * value after 0 h b * value after 1,000 h DELO-PHOTOBOND DELO-PHOTOBOND GB DELO-PHOTOBOND GB DELO-PHOTOBOND GB DELO-PHOTOBOND GB b* values of disparate DELO glass adhesives directly after bonding and after 1,000 h in the sunlight simulator. 4

5 Bonding of glass panes to metal frames for office partition walls and doors. High transparency and climatic resistance, equalization of thermal tensions between glass and metal. Equalization of tensions Adhesives for pure glass bondings or mixed glass-tometal joints must meet high expectations. Amongst others, they must equalize the dissimilar expansion ratios during temperature fluctuations and give high resistance to chemicals. The adhesive can be evaluated with the help of a comprehensive test procedure originating from the automotive industry. The compression shear strengths of glass-to-aluminum joints are determined after a 4-week climatic change test according to VDA under heat, cold and humid warmth. The values are shown in the diagram on the right. Compression shear strength glass/al [MPa] DELO-PHOTOBOND 4468 DELO-PHOTOBOND GB485 DELO-PHOTOBOND GB368 DELO-PHOTOBOND GB345 DELO-PHOTOBOND GB484 0 h after 4 weeks The compression shear strength values after the challenging climatic test are an important indicator for the adhesives ability to equalize tensions. Long-term stability / resistance to humidity In order to determine the long-term stability of glass 25 bondings, test criteria were specified in the European 20 standard (ETAG 002). It comprises a 42-day storage in surfactant-containing water at +45 C. This test is an 15 important proof of the joint s humidity resistance. The 10 diagram illustrates that DELO-PHOTOBOND products 5 have a significantly better long-term stability than customary acrylates. 0 Compression shear strength [MPa] 30 DELO-PHOTOBOND 4468 DELO-PHOTOBOND GB368 DELO-PHOTOBOND GB345 Customary acrylate 0 days 42 days A particularly notable aspect is the clearly better performance of the DELO-PHOTOBOND adhesives compared to standard acrylates used in glass furniture construction. 5

6 Compact DELOLUX 80 LED area lamp DELOLUX 20 LED area lamp easy processing Surface treatment It is not only essential to choose the right adhesive. The quality of the component surface is also of definite importance for the achievable bond strength and the long-term resistance of the bonded connection. In general, the surfaces to be bonded should be dry and free of oil, grease and other contaminations. The goal of surface treatment is to create a preferably even and defined surface. This provides the basis for even and excellent wetting of the component surface with adhesive improved adhesion a reproducible and permanently resistant joint DELOTHEN EP cleaner is suitable for removing contaminations and greases from glass. It is directly sprayed onto the surface to be cleaned at a distance of cm. The adhesive can be applied after thoroughly cleaningc with a lint-free cloth. Flyer: Cleaners Preparation of Bonding Surfaces Dispensing and curing The adhesives can be dispensed by means of a DELO dispensing unit or manually directly from the cartridge. To bond two components, the material used must be permeable to light of the wavelength required for curing. The emission spectra of the DELOLUX LED lamps specifically developed and produced by DELO for this purpose are a perfect match to the adhesives and processes. Depending on the application task, DELO supplies area lamps and spot lamps. Brochure: DELOLUX Curing Lamps and Light Systems for Adhesives 6

7 Depot of the helium liquefaction plant of the Leibniz institute in Dresden. Transparently bonded interior frame edges. in use All-glass structures bonded with DELO s acrylates Dresden, Germany: A glass shell hosts the historical pressure tanks of the new helium liquefaction plant of the Leibniz Institute for Solid State and Materials Research. The interior glass frames were bonded with DELO- PHOTOBOND. Therefore, is was possible to build this glass structure without any metal connectors. material parameters for numerical calculation. The analyses also included compression shear tests on both non-aged and aged specimens. The bearing capacity of the bonded frame edges finally was confirmed in tests on original components. High demands The frame edges were bonded using the transparent, light-curing DELO-PHOTOBOND GB484. This adhesive is both tension-equalizing and highly resistant to humidity and UV light. In addition, it provides the high bond strength required. The all-glass structure was approved as an individual case by the building authorities. Therefore, the adhesive used had been thoroughly scrutinized in advance. For example, pendulum impact tests were conducted to provide evidence that the glass structure is fall-proof. In addition, shouldered adhesive test bars were subjected to tensile tests at 20 C, +23 C and +60 C in order to determine the adhesive s firmness to touch and the DELO-PHOTOBOND GB484 7

8 DELO adhesives in use Bonding of frames for display LED indicator lamps DELO-PHOTOBOND to 20 times higher strength than silicones Good adhesion and reliable sealing Humidity and media resistance tests passed High transparency Equalizations of thermal tensions Efficient production thanks to easy and fast processing The glass plate of these high-quality LED indicator lamps is bonded to the stainless steel frame. Glass plate to aluminum force transducer DELO-PHOTOBOND 4468 High strength: Load of 300 kg on the rim of the scales Transparent bonded joint over the entire lifetime Humidity-resistant under rooms with wet conditions More cost-effective and more processreliable than two-component epoxy resins or double-sided adhesive tapes In the production of design bathroom scales, a glass plate is bonded to the aluminum force transducer (dia. 60 mm). The bonded joint is invisible which creates a floating effect. Bonding of design light switches DELO-PHOTOBOND 4302 Colorless clear, high yellowing resistance Pretreatment not necessary Fast curing in 40 s High strength on glass and PC The glass cover of these design light switches is bonded to the PC frame. Glass plates to metal frames for office partition walls DELO-PHOTOBOND GB484 Very flexible acrylate Equalization of thermal tensions between glass and metal High climatic resistance High transparency, colorless, yellowing-resistant High-viscous adhesive, perfect dispensing of adhesive layers up to approx. 3 mm possible Glass plates with a length of up to three meters are bonded to the partition walls. The adhesive layer thickness is 2 mm. 8

9 Aluminum door hinges to glass shower enclosures DELO-PHOTOBOND 4468 Climate-resistant acrylate Excellent resistance to humidity and chemicals such as glass cleaners UV-stable, permanent transparency High dynamic loading capacity Good adhesion to glass, stainless steel, and anodized aluminum Positively tested according to DIN EN with more than 250,000 opening and closing cycles The door hinges of newgeneration design shower enclosures are bonded to the glass door in order to prevent boreholes or unattractive clamp fixtures. Stop rails to glass shower enclosures DELO-PHOTOBOND GB485 Equalization of thermal tensions between glass and metal Excellent resistance to humidity and chemicals such as glass cleaners High transparency, colorless, yellowingresistant Easy processing Curing in one to two minutes High-viscous, perfect dispensing of layers up to approx. 3 mm possible Stop rails and supporting hinge rails can be attached to glass plates by means of line bonding. Bonding of glass gemstones DELO-PHOTOBOND GB368 Adhesive with dry surface Multi-purpose for tiny glass-to-glass and glass-to-plastic bondings Fast curing in 15 s The tiny bonding areas of glass gemstones must be transparent and, first of all, have a dry surface as they are often not completely covered by the components. Load-bearing glass bonding: Glass plate to metal table leg DELO-PHOTOBOND GB310 / GB345 Impact-resistant Very high shear strength Invisible bonding Fast curing in 20 s Glass-to-glass or glass-tometal bondings are very frequent in furniture design. The glass plate of the table shown was bonded to the massive metal leg. 9

10 Overview of DELO adhesives for glass bonding DELO-PHOTOBOND: 1-component acrylate DELO-PHOTOBOND 1-component acrylate High-strength Impact-resistant Tension-equalizing Dry surface Color cured product colorless clear colorless clear Viscosity [mpas] at +23 C 100 7,000 thix Wavelength range for curing [nm] Suitable wavelength of DELOLUX LED curing lamp *) Minimum irradiation time [s] at 55 mw/cm² UVA: DELO Standard 43 Compression shear strength [MPa] according to DELO Standard nm nm Glass/glass Glass/Al Glass/VA Glass/PC 5 3 Elongation at tear [%] Young s modulus [MPa] Water absorption [weight%] Storage life at room temperature after delivery, unopened original container Container sizes Special features of product Halogen-free 6 months 6 months 50 g bottle 1 kg bottle glass-to-glass and glass-to-metal bondings capillary tough adhesive layer good equalization of tensions All products are solvent-free, halogen-free according to IEC , and compliant with RoHS and TSCA *) DELOLUX 80, DELOLUX 50, DELOLUX 20; ++ especially suitable, + suitable, not suitable 50 g bottle 600 g cartridge 1 kg bottle glass-to-glass and glass-to-metal bondings especially for spot hinges adhesive layer thickness up to 0.5 mm 10

11 DELO-PHOTOBOND 1-component acrylate GB310 GB345 GB484 GB485 GB368 colorless clear colorless clear colorless clear colorless clear colorless clear 100 1,500 50,000 65,000 5, ,600 1, months 12 months 6 months 3 months 12 months 50 g bottle 50 g bottle 1 kg bottle 320 g cartridge 325 g cartridge 900 g cartridge 50 g bottle 1 kg bottle high-strength UV adhesive for glass furniture glass-to-glass and glass-to-metal bondings, such as glass furniture high strength glass-to-metal line bondings excellent equalization of tensions high-viscous for thicker adhesive layers glass-to-metal line bondings excellent equalization of tensions impact-resistant high-viscous for thicker adhesive layers glass-to-glass and glass-to-plastic bondings high strength tough-hard dry surface 11

12 CONTACT Industrial Adhesives Germany DELO-Allee Windach / Munich Phone info@delo.de Industrial Adhesives LLC USA 144 North Road Suite 2650 Sudbury / Boston, MA Phone info@delo.us Industrial Adhesives Singapore Representative Office Phone info@delo.com.sg Industrial Adhesives China / Shanghai Representative Office Phone info@delo.cn Industrial Adhesives Taiwan Representative Office Phone info@delo.com.tw The data and information provided are based on tests performed under laboratory conditions. Reliable information about the behavior of the product under practical conditions and its suitability for a specific purpose cannot be concluded from this. It is the user s responsibility to test the suitability of the product for the intended purpose by considering all specific requirements. Type, physical and chemical properties of the materials to be processed with the product, as well as all actual influences occurring during transport, storage, processing and use, may cause deviations in the behavior of the product compared to its behavior under laboratory conditions. All data provided are typical average values or uniquely determined parameters measured under laboratory conditions. The data and information provided are therefore no guarantee for specific product properties or the suitability of the product for a specific purpose DELO This brochure including any and all parts is protected by copyright. Any use not expressly permitted by the Urheberrechtsgesetz (German Copyright Act) shall require DELO s written consent. This shall apply without limitation to reproductions, duplications, disseminations, adaptations, trans lations and microfilms as well as to the recording, processing, duplication and/or dissemination by electronic means. 09/11 Adhesives Dispensing Curing Consulting