Pseudomorphic UV-C LEDs for Instrumentation and Disinfection

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Bertina Nichols
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1 Pseudomorphic UV-C LEDs for Instrumentation and Disinfection Y. Li 1, K. Kitamura 1,2, J. R. Grandusky 1, C. G. Moe 1, H. Ishii 3, Y. Wang 2, M Toita 1,2, and L. J. Schowalter 1 1 Crystal IS, 2 Asahi Kasei, 3 Asahi Kasei Microdevices

2 Outline UV-C LED Application Instrumentation Purification & Disinfection Crystal IS Manufacturing process Crystal IS Product Development Status OPTAN for Instrumentation UV-C LED for Disinfection Enhanced Photon Extraction(EPE) Conclusions 2

UV-C LED Advantages and Applications These High Irradiance Point Sources

adoption depends on: Higher power Longer lifetime Lower cost

Science & Medical Instrumentation Homeland Security Applications

Quality Monitoring Infectious Disease Control Pollution Indoor Air

3 UV-C LED Advantages and Applications These High Irradiance Point Sources are: Compact Instantaneous Long-lasting Wavelength specific Widespread adoption depends on: Higher power Longer lifetime Lower cost Sterilization in Home Appliances Food Processing Sterilization Life Science & Medical Instrumentation Homeland Security Applications Sterilization Healthcare Food Applications for UVC LEDs Air Water Quality Monitoring Infectious Disease Control Pollution Indoor Air Quality Detection Ultrapure Water Generation Water Drinking Water Disinfection Biofilm & Biofoul Prevention 3

4 INSTRUMENTATION Detects molecules such as aromatics, DNA, proteins and ozone which absorb or fluoresce at wavelengths from nm Monochromatic light in smallest footprint available for spectroscopy Low voltage and non-mercury light source Stability of intensity for reliable and long-life experiments 4

5 PURIFICATION AND DISINFECTION Effective for bacteria, virus and Cryptosporidium Demonstrated effectiveness with leading users in air and water applications Achieved NSF55 reduction criteria in specific designs Disinfection dosage is a function of UV intensity and exposure time Applications include Water & air purification Surface sterilization 5

6 Crystal IS Manufacturing Process Technological Advantage AlN Single Crystal Substrate High quality Low UV-C absorption AlN Crystal Growth Substrate Fab Epitaxial Growth Device Fabrication Packaging In-House Manufacturing Outsourced Contract Manufacturing Crystal IS and our partners are teaming to deliver long-life LEDs with a well-controlled supply chain and highest performance in production today. 6

7 Advantages of AlN single crystal substrate for UV-C LEDs Low dislocation density Pseudomorphic AlGaN epi layer : Typical dislocation densities of 10 5 cm -2 Enables high output power and longer lifetime UV-C LEDs Transparent to UV-C radiation High thermal conductivity (~3 W/cm-K) 7

8 Crystal IS Product Development Status OPTAN Instrumentation Product Development Launched Verification Production Disinfection Product Definition Development Launch Verification Production 8

9 OPTAN for Instrumentation Application - Key Specifications Hermetically sealed TO-39 can package Viewing angle 15 with silica ball lens 245nm < < 285nm Output power > 0.5mW at 100mA Forward voltage <10V at 100mA AlN Substrate, Pseudomorphic UV-C LED for Instrumentation 9

10 Intensity (a.u.) OPTAN Radiation Pattern Intensity (a.u.) H 72R

11 Room Temperature Lifetime Evaluation Lot A Lot B Lot C 25ºC 25ºC 25ºC No Catastrophic Failure (Open or Short) All devices show Vf less than 1.2 X initial value 11

12 High Temperature Lifetime Evaluation Lot A Lot B Lot C 85ºC 85ºC 85ºC No Catastrophic Failure (Open or Short) All devices show Vf less than 1.2 X initial value 12

Vf After 1,000hr Operation (V) Vf After 1,000hr Operation (V) Forward Voltage Stability 11 10 Lot A,B,C 11 10 Lot A,B,C 9 9 8 7 8 25ºC 85ºC 7 7

13 Vf After 1,000hr Operation (V) Vf After 1,000hr Operation (V) Forward Voltage Stability Lot A,B,C Lot A,B,C ºC 85ºC Initial Vf (V) Initial Vf (V) Criteria : Less than 20% increase from initial Vf at 100mA at 1,000hr All devices passed 13

14 Low Temperature Operation Lot A Lot B Lot C -40ºC -40ºC -40ºC No Catastrophic Failure (Open or Short) All devices show Vf less than 1.2 X initial value 14

15 Lifetime / Stress Tests Results Summary Test Condition Number of parts out of 30 * Open / Short Or Vf >1.2 x initial <50% initial output power RT Operation 25C, 100mA,1,000hr 0 1 HT Operation 85C, 100mA,1,000hr 0 2 LT Operation -40C, 100mA,1,000hr 0 1 HT HH Operation 55C, 85%RH,1,000hr 0 2 Vibration 200 m/s 2,3-axis 100Hz~2,000Hz, 48min 0 0 HT Storage 85C, 1,000hr 0 0 LT Storage -40C, 1,000hr 0 0 Temperature Cycle 15-40C~100C, 100cycles 0 0 * For each test, 10 samples each from 3 lots tested ** Among long term operation tests, 95% of population maintained 50% of initial output power **

16 UV-C LED for Disinfection Application - Key Specifications 16

UV Transparent Resin Encapsulant EPE technique is a key

17 UV-C LED Structure for Disinfection Enhanced Photon Extraction (EPE)* Hemispherical Silica Lens Bonding Wire UV Transparent Resin Encapsulant EPE technique is a key technology of UV-C LED for disinfection. U.S. Patent No. 8,962,359 17

18 Enhanced Photon Extraction(EPE) Effect With EPE Without EPE EPE technique works in entire UV-C spectrum of the range of 250 to 280 nm. 18

19 Light Output Power with EPE(mW) Photon Extraction Enhancement(%) Improved Photon Extraction via EPE technique Light Output Power without EPE(mW) Light output power doubles (2X) by EPE technique. 19

20 Lifetime Evaluation Results Lifetime Test Condition Current : 300mA Temperature : 25C Samples With EPE Wavelength : nm Long lifetime using UV-C LEDs with EPE was demonstrated. 20

21 Forward Voltage Stability Lifetime Test Condition Current : 300mA Temperature : 25C Samples With EPE Wavelength : nm Excellent stability of forward voltage was observed. 21

22 Stress Tests Results Test Condition No catastrophic failure Results >50% initial output power RT Operation 25C, 300mA,1,000hrs 100% 100% LT Operation -40C, 300mA,1,000hrs 100% 100% HT HH Operation Vibration 55C, 85%RH,150mA 1,000hrs 200 m/s 2,3-axis 100Hz~2,000Hz, 48min 100% 100% 100% 100% LT Storage -40C, 1,000hr 100% 100% Temperature Cycle -40C~100C, 100cycles 100% 100% Catastrophic failure : Open / Short or Vf >1.2 x initial Number of parts is 9 or 10 parts for each condition Excellent reliability was observed. Performing qualification tests to release the product. 22

23 Conclusion Crystal IS has launched Optan UV-C LEDs for instrumentation First commercial product based on single-crystal AlN substrate Typical lifetime over 3000hrs High light output power (10mW) and long lifetime UV-C LEDs developed for disinfection An Enhanced Photon Extraction(EPE) technique proven to let the light output power double (2X) for entire UV-C spectrum Superior reliability obtained by low-defect density AlN single crystal substrate Robustness confirmed by long term operation tests under several extreme conditions 23

24 LIGHTING THE WAY TO HEALTHY ENVIRONMENTS 24

FEATURES. Available in peak wavelengths from 250 nm to 280 nm Industry leading light output available in bins from 0.5 mw to

FEATURES. Available in peak wavelengths from 250 nm to 280 nm Industry leading light output available in bins from 0.5 mw to Crystal IS introduces Optan UVC LEDs in a TO-39 package which offer superior light output and spectral quality. Available in peak wavelengths from 250 nm 280 nm and power bins from 0.5 mw-4 mw, these LEDs