domaine Recherche & SESAR: a European initiative for an enhanced ATM system General overview and spotlight on the SESAR operational concept Patrick DUJARDIN R&D Manager DSNA/DTI Toulouse - France Tokyo,
2/47 1. SESAR overview 2. D3: The operational concept 3. SESAR ATM system evolution
3/47 SESAR overview D3: The operational concept SESAR ATM system evolution
4/47 Single European Sky (SES): : Background The European Commission, Vice President Ms de Palacio, launched the initiative in 1999. Main principles: Reduce fragmentation between: the airspace of Member States. Civil and Military providers and users. Systems. Introduce new technology create synergy EU Eurocontrol
5/47 SESAR : objectives & timeline A European Plan to unlock Viable Growth in Air Transport Converging Industry, EC EC & EUROCONTROL Needs: Needs: Turn Turn off offfragmented approach Accelerate ATM ATM evolution in in response to to challenges Synchronise & integrate plans plans from from research to to operations Synchronise airborne and and ground ground deployments Current work 2005 2010 2015 2020 Definition Development SESAR Phases Deployment Implementation Development work Planning work
6/47 SESAR Consortium More than 50 partners and associates
The definition phase Reference to derive technical requirements for architecture & enabling systems Change steps with performance gains from agreed baselines (now, 2013, 2020) 7/47 We are here! Actions of all stakeholdegrs to achieve the performance benefits Air Air Transport Framework: The The Current Situation COMPLETED D1 T0: 6 March 2006 ATM ATM Performance Targets COMPLETED D2 ATM ATM Target Concept COMPLETED D3 ATM ATM Deployment Sequence COMPLETED D4 ATM ATM Master Plan Plan D5 Work Work Programme for for 2008-2013 July 06 Dec 06 June 07 Nov 07 Feb 08 March 08 D6 ATM ATM MASTER MASTER PLAN PLAN Shorter Shorter term: term: Implementation Implementation actions actions Longer Longer term: term: R&D R&D actions actions
8/47 M1 Deliverable 1: Evaluation / Understanding of the Market Capture of current situation Characterise & Understand Today s Situation plus Future Expectations D1 Strengths, weaknesses, deficiencies Define and prioritise expectations for future Identify most promising enablers Provides some overall recommendations upon which the following stages of the SESAR Definition Phase shall be based 06 Jul 06 D1: A shared view of current situation and the way ahead
9/47 Deliverable 2: Market Requirements M1 M2 Define Performance Requirements & Best Practice Outline vision of future air transport industry & role of ATM Setting balanced performance requirements for future ATM System Selection of Best Practices & principles upon which to build D2 06 Dec 06 D2: An agreed set of challenging requirements for future business needs
10/47 M1 M2 Deliverable 3: Top Product Definition M3 Develop Future ATM Target Concept D3 Concept of operations Architecture for future ATM System Set of enabling technologies identified Outline of total cost & preliminary assurance that target is viable 06 Jun 07 D3: The selection of a viable concept
11/47 M1 M2 M3 M4 Deliverable 4: How to match the Top Product Definition Confirmation of viability (technical, financial, institutional, etc.) Deployment Sequence - Develop Options & Select Best D4 05 Oct 07 Development of options for deployment sequence & recommended best approach Definition of deployment packages (transition from legacy systems/framework) D4: Selection of best deployment scenario
12/47 M1 M2 M3 M4 M5 Build the ATM Master Plan D5 Deliverable 5: Action Plan Detailed plan of actions which all relevant organisations need to undertake to implement changes Inputs to future business plans, R&T/D plans, risk assessment régimes, development of future management processes 04 Jan 08 D5: An agreed, achievable and ambitious ATM Master Plan
13/47 M1 Deliverable 6: Go! M2 M3 M4 M5 M6 Define Organisation & Programme of Work for 2008-2013 Proposed management structure for SESAR implementation (development & deployment) phase Proposed structured lifecycle & methods to support implementation D6 06 Mar 08 Detailed programme of work for first 5 years of implementation phase D6: An agreed basis for the Implementation phase
14/47 The final Objective One approved ATM Master Plan Commonly developed Achievable and ambitious Basis for subsequent commitment, financing and implementation.towards a true European federative and strategic project
15/47 SESAR overview D3: The operational concept SESAR ATM system evolution
16/47 The Principles of the Concept of Operations Based on the ATM Performance Partnership (ATMPP) that will ensure smooth operation of all actors (Airspace Users, ANSPs and Airports), Trajectory Management is being enabled by 1 - System Wide Information Sharing (SWIM) and 2 - Collaborative Decision Making (CDM) Five key enablers altogether are identified, each of them a subject of major improvement: -Information Sharing -Collaborative Decision Making -Network Management -Airport as integrated partners -Airspace Capacity TM Trajectory Management S W I M CDM CDM TM Trajectory Management The Human is the central connecting element at all levels
17/47 Overview of Main Aspects Trajectory Management Considering Airspace as a Single Continuum More precision in de-confliction at planning stage Mixed Modes of Operation as basis for conflict management Separation ranging from ATC as done today progressing to airborne self-separation Aircraft with different capabilities enabled by use of : Collaborative Decision Making (CDM) System-wide Information Management
18/47 Main Features - Trajectory Based Operations Trajectory based concept of operations Entails the systematic sharing of aircraft trajectory data between various participants in the ATM process Ensures that all participants have a common view of a flight and access to the most accurate data available to perform their tasks Main Characteristics Business/Mission Trajectory expresses the specific needs of Airspace Users Safe-guarding integrity Minimising changes Trajectory ownership When & how the trajectory is executed 4D trajectories Described & executed with required precision in 4 dimensions
19/47 Main Features - From Airspace to Trajectory Orientation Managed airspace Information on all traffic is shared Pre-determined separator is Service provider (this role may be delegated) Unmanaged airspace Traffic may not share information Pre-determined separator is Airspace User Airspace treated as a Single Continuum TM requires dynamic adjustment of airspace to minimise impact on trajectories Co-ordination procedures based on shared trajectory data Military co-ordination & information sharing incorporated
20/47 Main Features - Flexibility Operation philosophy Users have freedom to change BTs up to shortly before departure and in exceptional circumstances during execution Service providers facilitate changes resulting in minimum delays / distortions Acknowledged that, at times, need to constraint individual trajectories for safety / network capacity reasons Achieved by Planning decisions as late as possible, plans constantly updated Reference BT agreed before departure user agrees to fly, service providers agree to enable Flexibility by providing capacity headroom & techniques to (re-)deploy resources based on real-time demand information
21/47 Main Features - User Preferred Routing Environment Managed airspace user preferred routing without need to adhere to fixed routes The execution of the Reference BT is subject to appropriate clearances Take into account the airspace volumes established for the operation of diverse (mainly military) aerial activities Trade-off between flight efficiency & capacity may require a fixed route structure Will be suspended when traffic density is no longer requires their use Major HUBS Below a (tbd) level operated as an extended terminal area, with route structures eventually extending also into en-route airspace
22/47 Main Features - Collaborative Planning To achieve agreed, stable demand and capacity situation Mediated by network management & based on Collaborative Decision Making (CDM) Assisted by use of Network Operations Plan (NOP) Facilitates process to reach agreement Set of collaborative applications to access : air traffic demand airspace / airport capacity constraints scenarios
23/47 Network Operations Plan
24/47 Main Features - Airspace Capacity The ConOps will increase capacity by reducing tactical interventions Achieved in highly congested airspace with descending / climbing traffic flows by Deploying route structures supporting strategic de-confliction Procedures that capitalize on greater accuracy of aircraft navigation Further reduction of controller task-load by Reducing uncertainty / increasing the clearance duration by new separation modes supported by controller tools, utilizing shared precise trajectory data Air / ground data link communications Delegation of some spacing, separation and flow optimization tasks to pilot
25/47 Main Features - New Separation Modes Separation modes that take advantage of trajectory sharing & advanced longitudinal / vertical navigation capabilities : Conventional modes New ANSP Modes: purely applied by ATC Precision Trajectory Clearances Trajectory Control by Ground Based Speed Adjustment New Airborne Modes : in which the pilot is the separator either by delegation or as the standard case Co-operative separation (ASAS-Separation) Self-separation (ASAS-Self Separation) Co-operative 3D Routes
26/47 Main Features - Airports Fully Integrated into ATM System Improved Airport operations by: More efficient and environment friendly Approach and Descent Profiles Increasing throughput & safety on the runway Eliminating Holding & Ground Queues The airport turnaround phase is completely integrated in the trajectory management Improved surface movement management and reduced runway occupancy time, e.g. Wake Vortex detection, brake to vacate and time-based spacing Improved management of busy hubs and increasing numbers of clustered airports All-weather / low visibility conditions are supported by new aircraft/airport surveillance and navigation technologies to improve landing and taxiway operations to ensure close to normal capacity Bulk of required capacity provided by secondary airports
27/47 Main Features - Collaborative Decision Making Sharing of information as well as acting on shared information Decisions driven by common situational awareness and improved understanding on network effects Not affecting Controller or Pilot tactical decisions Empowers new and innovative solutions (such as use of User Driven Prioritisation Process (UDPP))
28/47 Collaborative Planning Decision Phase Making Execution Phase BTD SBT SBT RBT PT/ RBT Airspace and Airport Organisation Management Layered Planning and Queue Management Conflict Management ATM Components ATM Service Delivery Management Collaborative Decision Making (CDM) Network Operation Plan Development
29/47 Speaking with one Language = a Powerful Information Management Network A new System-wide Information Management (SWIM) Network using trajectories as the principal language shared by all actors of the air transport industry is the necessary underlying infrastructure: To enable CDM To enable Trajectory Management To support planning, analysis and shifting from tactical control to anticipated and pre-deconfliction management To support the automation tools on air and ground To support more efficient conflict management with less tactical intervention
30/47 Main Features - Minimising Segregation Aim to minimize / avoid segregation of traffic No segregation on basis of CNS capability or type of separation service provided Inherent prioritisation towards more capable aircraft will occur Special provisions for military operations A degree of segregation inevitable (e.g., for new Military aircraft types / particular Military activities), but impact minimized through : more accurate planning time management and level segmentation of the segregation procedures that can flexibly manage real-time changes to volumes and times and promptly return any unused segregated airspace to general use
31/47 Main Features - Access and Equity Need for managed airspace will inevitably increase The trade off here is between the needs of general aviation and commercial and military aviation Better reflecting performance of modern aircraft allow the base to be raised in many areas giving greater freedom to those who do not require a separation service
32/47 Main Features - Enhanced Integration of Diverse Airspace Use Airspace design and management remains a State prerogative Need for some flights & activities to be managed within defined airspace blocks remains. Physical & temporal dimensions will be minimised (may be dynamic and/or moving) Location will aim to satisfy the military requirements Better cooperation by Integrating appropriate Military and State partners in the information sharing environment (with proper protection of sensitive information) Optimising the Military and State activity processes
33/47 The Human in SESAR is the ultimate Decision-maker Airspace User Operation Pilot ATC Civ/Mil Landside Operations Airports More effective integration of knowledge and expertise
34/47 SESAR overview D3: The operational concept SESAR ATM system evolution
35/47 Lines of Change ATM operational concept can be divided into clearly defined lines that will evolve step by step in order to reach the target performance objectives: L01 - Information management L02 - Moving from airspace to trajectory based operations L03 - Collaborative planning using the Network Operations Planner L04 - Managing the Network L05 - Managing Business Trajectories in real time L06 - Cooperating ground and airborne decision making tools L07 - Queue management tools L08 - New separation modes L09 - Effective ground and airborne safety nets L10 - Airport throughput, Safety and Environment
36/47 Lines of Change these lines are built from operational improvement elements made by the various SESAR actors. They are planned along the global SESAR roadmap. The service performance level increases step by step. Line of Change Operational improvement OI OI ATM Target Concept IP 1 IP 2 IP 3
37/47 Implementation Packages 3 time based IP : IP1 IP2 IP3 Gathering every Line of Change Provide homogeneous service improvement in the various contexts (En-Route, Terminal Area Operations, Airports) in Europe
LoC vs operation context 38/47 Information Management Network En Route Terminal Area Airports Information management Moving from airspace to trajectory based operations Airport throughput, Safety and Environment a b c d e
39/47 Service Enhancement Transition Steps (SETS) IP1 IP2 IP3 IM-1 IM-2 IM-3 NET-1 NET-2 NET-3 ENR-1 ENR-2 ENR-3 TAO-1 TAO-2 TAO-3 APT-1 APT-2 APT-3
40/47 Service Enhancement Transition Steps as LoCs, SETS are built from operational improvements elements. Within SETS, operational improvements elements are grouped according to : The operational concept The level of service (from 1 to 4).
41/47 Global view SESAR ConOps Lines of Changes Operational Improvements Implementation Packages Service Enhancement Transition Steps Time Operating Context Time Performance Why? How? What? Enablers Operational Improvements Steps Time Operating Context Performance
42/47 Enablers identification SESAR ConOps Lines of Changes Operational Improvements Operational Improvements Steps Implementation Packages Service Enhancement Transition Steps Time Operating Context Performance Time ATM level Operating Context Performance Performance Time Enablers Enablers group Enablers Packages Time Start date Benefit start gate End date (IOC) ATM capability level Stakeholder asset type
43/47 Transition Naturally long and gradual Aircraft and system life Change cost training Easier where Traffic level is low System is less complex Various systems and equipments Air-ground synchronization Continuous and revertible transformation
ATM systems life cycle 44/47 procedures Equipments, functions System architecture More stable, change is more difficult
45/47 Step by Step Introduction 4 Available 2025+: Trajectory Sharing Air-Air; Met data sharing (Air- Air/Air-Ground); Avionics with Longitudinal Navigation Performance Capability (4D Contract) and Airborne Self-Separation ATM Capability Level 3 2 1 SESAR 2020 Requirements: Trajectory Sharing meeting ATM requirements; Avionics with Vertical Navigation Performance capability; multiple RTA and Airborne Separation capability Co-operative Separation Aircraft Delivered 2013 onwards: ADS-B/IN and avionics enabling airborne spacing Sequencing and Merging ; Datalink: Link 2000+ applications Current Aircraft : ADS-B/out (position/aircraft/met data); Avionics with 2D-RNP, vertical constraint management and a single RTA; Datalink: Event reporting/intent Sharing 0 2010 2020 2030
46/47 To conclude: the Master Plan Target Concept Lines of Change Safety Screening Sec. Screening Env. Screening Institutional Enablers Enabler Packages Service Enhancement Transition Steps Benefit Mechanisms R&D Plan Regulatory & Legislative Plan Estimated Costs Economic Impact (incl. CBA) Performance Benefits Finance Model Funding & Incentives Risk Management Plan Performance Requirements
47/47 Any question?