at UNLV Villa Trieste Hmes Building Reduced-Energy Hmes in the Suthwest U.S. Desert
Reduced Peak Energy Hmes (2008 t 2013) UNLV s (CER) received a very large cntract frm the U.S. Department f Energy fr a husing develpment in Las Vegas, Nevada, that can be used t study techniques f reducing peak electrical demand. UNLV s partners in develping these hmes are NV Energy and Pulte Hmes. Knwn as the Villa Trieste cmmunity f hmes, this develpment invlves: Significant energy cnservatin in 185 hmes and Phtvltaic units fr slar energy n the rfs f these hmes. A system that allws the hmewner t select the degree f energy savings desired while wrking in harmny with the utility s need fr peak lad cntrl. Applicatin f peak-shifting strage batteries. The gal is t decrease the peak electrical demand by 65% ver cde-minimum building designs f the same size. These huses have garnered the prestigius LEED Platinum classificatin.
46062 2343 Villa Rma Las NV Vegas Trieste Design Details General Infrmatin Flr areas f these single-family, tw-stry huses range frm 1487 t 1960 square feet. The buildings are extremely energy-cnserving, with a HERS rating f 52-55 withut the PV system cnsidered, and a HERS rating f 36-39 including the PV system impact. Standard features A tankless water heater A dashbard that gives the resident energy cnsumptin/generatin infrmatin R-7 exterir drs 92 AFUE furnace 100% CFL lighting 2x4 and 2x6 cnstructin, with 1 inch f EPS and blw-in cellulse (R-13 and R-19 depending upn the stud size) Windws with a 0.34 U factr and a 0.32 SHGC A 15-SEER air cnditiner Unvented (semi-cnditined space) attic Rma mdel, 1487 sqft (Surce: Pulte Hmes)
Design Details Slar Energy Each hme has phtvltaic (PV) tiles incrprated in an integrated fashin n its rf. This decreases the HERS rating fr the Rma mdel, fr example, frm 55 t 39. Because f the nature f the develpment plan fr Villa Trieste, all f the huses will have a PV system with a nearly suth expsure, nearly west expsure, r nearly east expsure.
46062 2343 Villa Rma Las NV Vegas Trieste Design Details Energy cnservatin features Abve, the cnditined attic, which allws the HVAC ducts t be in the same temperature as the interir f the huse. At right, the difference between batt insulatin, used in traditinal huses, and blwn-in insulatin, used in Villa Trieste. Bth sides f the stud have the same piping and electrical installatins.
Design Details The size f these arrays manufactured by Sun Pwer Crpratin is rated at 1.764 kw peak utput. They are cnnected t the NV Energy grid in a net metering arrangement. Each kwh sent t the utility is treated as the same ecnmic value as each kwh used frm the utility.
Design Details UNLV s Intelligent Server prvides instantaneus Infrmatin n the cst f pwer frm NV Energy t the hmewners. In this way, the hmewners can adjust energy settings n their thermstats and ther cntrls during peak demand hurs in rder t save energy and mney.
2343 Villa 82109 Las NV Vegas Trieste Design Details Cmmunicatin System, Intelligent Agent, and Lad Cntrl An intelligent agent is being develped that is equivalent t a dial that the custmer can set t any chice frm N mdificatin f energy lads t Full mdificatin f energy lads. Fr a Full mdificatin f energy lads setting, an arrangement will be develped in advance between the utility and custmer, where each event f lad shedding that the utility is allwed wuld have sme type f reimbursement assciated with it. Included in the events might be: Cntrl f the hme thermstat fr predefined perids The ability t turn ff pl pumps, when present Cntrlling plug lads Each f these elements wuld save bth the utility and custmer mney.
Design Details Cmmunicatin System, Intelligent Agent, and Lad Cntrl An internet cmmunicatin system has been develped t allw signals t be relayed frm the utility t the custmer and frm the custmer t the utility. One f the purpses f this cmmunicatin link is t transmit pwer cst infrmatin t the custmer nearly instantaneusly, and t allw the custmer t respnd t this infrmatin. In general, pwer csts increase during peak demand perids; if the custmer knws this infrmatin, then actin culd be taken by the custmer t shed lad. This active participatin in the cst infrmatin exchange greatly cntributes t reduced energy cnsumptin in the hmes. The custmer als can pt t set preferences n the Intelligent Agent t have this activated autmatically.
2343 Villa 82109 Las NV Vegas Trieste Design Details Cmmunicatin System, Intelligent Agent, and Lad Cntrl By perating n a whle cmmunity, the utility strategy will be such that each hme is affected fr nly shrt perids f time. Staggering the lad cntrl thrughut the cmmunity will result in a net decrease in lad at the substatin.
Design Details (Right) Battery strage unit in a hme. At left is an n-demand water heater. Battery Energy Strage System A Battery Energy Strage System (BESS), installed in a selected subset f huses, is being evaluated fr its effectiveness. The final phase f the prject develpment is the installatin and evaluatin f several ladshifting batteries. This system will stre electrical energy frm the grid at night and be ready t shave peak lads during the day. This particular functin is the final chice ptin. If the varius ther aspects related t energy minimizatin and lad cntrl are unable t furnish the required peak reductin, the batteries will be called upn t assist in making this reductin.
Testing the System One f the issues in devising strategies fr making huses mre energy cnserving r fr decreasing peak electrical lads is t use a cmputer mdel f the huse perfrmance. This mdel incrprates mathematical descriptins a cmputer cde --hw well the key parts f the building functin, fr instance: If walls impede heat flw r Hw much energy is need fr the air cnditining unit t cl the huse Ambient weather cnditins and human chices fr energy use are impsed n this mdel. This chart cmpares the simulated cmputer results (red) with actual measurements frm a Villa Trieste hme fr a tw-day perid in early summer.
Testing the System Additinally, instrumentatin has been temprarily lcated in the huses fr detailed energy flw analyses. This is in additin t the measuring equipment used t furnish data t the dashbard.
Related Publicatins S. B. Sadineni, F. Atallah, R. F. Behm, Impact f Rf Integrated PV Orientatin n the Residential Electricity Peak Demand, APPLIED ENERGY, Vl. 92, 2012, pp 204-210. R. Behm, Minimizing Peak Residential Electrical Demand in Ht Climates, 2 nd Asian-US-Eurpean Thermphysics Cnference Thermal Science fr Sustainable Wrld, January 3-6, 2012, Hng Kng. S. B. Sadineni, F. Atallah, R. F. Behm, Measurements and Simulatins fr Peak Electrical Lad Reductin in Cling Dminated Climate, ENERGY, Vl. 37, 2011, pp. 689-697. R. Behm, An Apprach t Decreasing Peak Electrical Demand in Residences, 2 nd Internatinal Cnference n Advances in Energy Engineering, 2011, Bangkk, Thailand. S. B. Sadineni, T. France, Rbert F. Behm, Ecnmic Feasibility f Energy Efficiency Measures in Residential Buildings, RENEWABLE ENERGY, 2011, Vl. 36, pp. 2925-2931. S. B. Sadineni, Srikanth Madala, Rbert F. Behm, Passive Building Energy Savings: A Review f Building Envelpe Cmpnents, RENEWABLE AND SUSTAINABLE ENERGY REVIEWS, 2011, Vl. 15, pp. 3617-3631. Suresh B. Sadineni, Fady Attallah, Rbert F. Behm, Measurements and Simulatins f Electric Demand frm Residential Buildings fr Peak Lad Reductin, ASME 5 th Internatinal Cnference n Energy Sustainability, August 7-10, 2011, Washingtn D.C. T. France, R. Hurt, R. Behm, and S. Sadineni, Hme Energy Cnservatin in the Las Vegas Valley, Prceedings f the ASME Cnference f Energy Sustainability, San Francisc, CA, 2009.
Resurces Mre details abut the Villa Trieste hmes can be fund at : Pulte Hmes website www.pulte.cm NV Energy hme page U.S. Department f Energy Office f Electricity Delivery and Energy Reliability Sun Pwer Crpratin www.nvenergy.cm http://energy.gv/e/ffice-electricitydelivery-and-energy-reliability http://us.sunpwercrp.cm/
2343 Villa 82109 Las NV Vegas Trieste Fr Mre Infrmatin 100 Taylr Hall University f Las Vegas, Nevada Bx 454027 Las Vegas, NV 89154-4027 Phne: (702) 895-0429 Fax: (702) 895-1123 Directr: Rbert F. Behm, Ph.D., P.E. Phne: (702) 895-4160 Email: bb.behm@unlv.edu C-Directrs: Yahia Baghzuz, Ph.D., P.E. Phne: (702) 895-0087 Email: yahia.baghzuz@unlv.edu Yitung Chen, Ph.D. Phne: (702) 895-1202 Email: yitung.chen@unlv.edu