Canada s Climate Change Actins and Target Lake Laberge, Yukn Territry, Canada. Shutterstck
Cntext 2030 emissin reductin target f 30% belw 2005 levels Early signing and ratificatin f the Paris Agreement Established a cmprehensive natinal plan t address climate change: The Pan-Canadian Framewrk n Clean Grwth and Climate Change Will enable Canada t meet r exceed its 2030 target Cmmitted t supprting develping cuntries mitigatin and adaptatin effrts: $2.65 billin by 2020 2
Additinal Prgress since Canada s 2nd Biennial Reprt Annunced new plicies and regulatins including: Natinal benchmark carbn price ($50 per tnne by 2022) Accelerated phase ut f cal-fired electricity by 2030 40-45% reductin in methane emissins frm il and gas by 2025 Clean Fuel Standard Cmmitted histric levels f investment including in green infrastructure, clean technlgy and innvatin t drive further reductins and transitin t a lw-carbn ecnmy Released Canada s Mid-Century Lng-Term Lw-Greenhuse Gas Develpment Strategy Develped and released a strategy n shrt-lived climate pllutants (SLCPs) 3
Canada s Emissins by IPCC Sectr and Gas 2015 Emissins: 722 Mt CO 2 eq Surce: Canada s 2017 Natinal Inventry Reprt *Nte: Ttals may nt add up due t runding. 4
Canada s climate is changing Canada has becme warmer Average temperatures have risen by 1.6 C since 1948, rughly duble the glbal rate Temperatures are rising even faster in Canada s Nrth (e.g., Inuvik, Nrthwest Territries has warmed by almst 4 C since 1948) Canada has becme wetter Annual average precipitatin has increased, with strng reginal and seasnal variability Results include changes t sea level, permafrst and sea ice, and increased risks f heat waves, flds and drughts -2.5-1.5-0.5 0.5 1.5 2.5 C / 61 yrs Seasnal Sea Ice Extent Mean Annual Temperature Trends 5
Impacts are being experienced acrss the cuntry Reduced ice cver affecting ecnmic develpment and traditinal ways f life Permafrst degradatin affecting nrthern infrastructure Increased pests (pine beetle) affecting frest prductivity and fire activity Ecsystem changes / shifts in species distributin affecting cuntry fd supply and species at risk Reduced reliability f ice rads affecting access t remte mine sites and nrthern cmmunities Reduced glacier cver affecting western water resurces and hydr prductin Lwer Great Lakes water levels affecting shipping, hydr, and recreatin Increased frequency f drught affecting frests, agriculture Sea level rise and increased castal ersin affecting infrastructure Increased temperatures affecting human health due t heat stress and vectr-brne diseases 6
Develpment f a natinal climate change plan Canada is a decentralized federatin with 10 prvinces, 3 territries Envirnmental plicy is an area f shared jurisdictin March 2016: Canada s Prime Minister and Premiers issued the Vancuver Declaratin n Clean Grwth & Climate Change Cmmitted t increase the level f ambitin, cnsistent with 2030 target and Paris Agreement Launched 4 wrking grups t study plicy ptins and cnsult with Canadians April-Octber 2016: Wrking grups f federal-prvincial-territrial fficials develped plicy ptins fr actin n climate change Brad cnsultatin and engagement, including 14,000 ideas and cmments frm Canadians December 9th, 2016: Pan-Canadian Framewrk n Clean Grwth and Climate Change adpted Natinal plan, infrmed by wrking grup reprts and cnsultatin 7
Pan-Canadian Framewrk n Clean Grwth and Climate Change The Pan-Canadian Framewrk builds n prvincial and territrial actins It puts Canada n a path t meet its 2030 emissins target The plan has fur pillars: 1. Pricing carbn pllutin 2. Cmplementary mitigatin actins t reduce emissins acrss all sectrs 3. Adaptatin and climate resilience 4. Clean technlgy, innvatin and jbs Designed t achieve the behaviural and structural changes needed t transitin t a lw-carbn ecnmy 8
Carbn Pricing is central t the Pan-Canadian Framewrk The Gvernment f Canada has intrduced a carbn pricing benchmark: By 2018, all jurisdictins will have carbn pricing Jurisdictins can chse t use a tax r cap-and-trade system The price will start at $10/tnne in 2018 and rise by $10/year t $50/tnne in 2022 Revenue will remain in the jurisdictin f rigin Gal is t ensure that carbn pricing applies t a brad set f emissin surces acrss Canada, with increasing stringency ver time The federal gvernment is wrking with the territries and Indigenus Peples t find slutins that address their unique circumstances with respect t a carbn pricing system The apprach will be reviewed by early 2022, with an interim reprt in 2020, t cnfirm the path frward, including cntinued increase in stringency 9
Cmplementary mitigatin actins will supprt carbn pricing in reducing emissins The Pan-Canadian Framewrk includes new plicy and regulatry measures acrss all sectrs f the ecnmy Electricity: Supprt increased renewable energy, smart grids, and electricity intercnnectins, t cmplement phasing ut cal-fired electricity generatin by 2030 Buildings: Imprve energy efficiency in existing buildings, as well as net-zer energy ready building cdes fr new buildings Transprtatin: Increase vehicle efficiency and encurage electric vehicles, including develping a zer emissins vehicle strategy by 2018 A clean fuel standard will reduce lifecycle emissins frm fuels used in transprtatin, buildings and industry Targeted regulatins: Reduce methane emissins frm the il and gas sectr by 40-45% by 2025; reduce HFC cnsumptin and emissins Air pllutin measures fr transprtatin and ther sectrs will result in cbenefit reductins f shrt-lived climate pllutants (e.g. black carbn and grund-level zne) 10
Adaptatin and climate resilience is an imprtant part f Canada s plan Canada is already feeling the effects f climate change, especially in Canada s nrthern and castal regins Taking actin t prtect Canadians frm climate change risks, build resilience, reduce csts, and ensure sciety thrives in a changing climate: Establishing a Canadian Centre fr Climate Services t imprve access t relevant climate science and infrmatin Investing in climate-resilient infrastructure Measures fcused n prtecting health frm impacts f climate change Supprting vulnerable regins and ppulatins, including the Nrth and castal regins, and Indigenus Peples, t mnitr impacts and take actin t adapt Reducing hazards and disaster risks related t climate, such as flds and wildfires 11
Clean technlgy and innvatin can supprt the transitin t a lw-carbn ecnmy The Pan-Canadian Framewrk creates the necessary cnditins fr innvatin, accelerating investments in RD&D, and private sectr investment in the clean technlgy sectr Key actins include: Supprting R&D in emissins reducing technlgies Helping cmpanies cmmercialize and exprt their prducts and services Enabling access t capital fr clean technlgy businesses Expediting immigratin f highly qualified persnnel Supprting Indigenus Peples and nrthern and remte cmmunities t adpt and adapt clean tech t their needs Aligning investments acrss levels f gvernment 12
Supprtive Investments Histric investments annunced by the Gvernment f Canada will help meet Canada s 2030 target, build resilience, and prmte clean grwth The Lw Carbn Ecnmy Fund: $2 billin Will supprt new prvincial and territrial actins t reduce emissins by 2030 Green Infrastructure: $21.9 billin Will supprt prjects including fr electricity transmissin and grids, renewable energy, electric vehicle charging and natural gas and hydrgen refueling statins, new building cdes, reducing reliance n diesel in Indigenus, Nrthern and Remte cmmunities, and disaster mitigatin and adaptatin Urban Public Transit Infrastructure: $20.1 billin Clean Technlgy: $2.2 billin Will supprt the develpment f clean technlgies fr sustainable develpment and fr natural resurce sectrs; als includes nearly $1.4 billin in financing dedicated t clean technlgy firms Will supprt Canada s cmmitment t Missin Innvatin 13
Prgress tward Canada s 2020 target 2020 target: 17% reductin belw 2005 levels Many key measures frm the Pan-Canadian Framewrk will be in place by 2020 and cntribute t near-term reductins: Carbn pricing Onging reductins frm prvincial systems in place (e.g., Quebec-Ontari-Califrnia linked cap-and-trade system; Alberta carbn levy; BC carbn tax Minimum price f $10 per tnne acrss Canada by 2018, rising t $30 per tnne by 2020 Clean fuel standard Will increase the use f lw-carbn fuels in transprtatin, buildings, and industry Methane regulatins 40-45% reductin by 2025 HFC regulatins Phase dwn the use f hydrflurcarbns in line with the Kigali Amendment t the Mntreal Prtcl Energy efficiency measures Acrss sectrs, including transprtatin, industry, and buildings 14
Pathway t Canada s 2030 target 2030 target: 30% reductin belw 2005 levels PCF plicies - federal, prvincial and territrial are prjected t reduce Canada s emissins by 175 Mt by 2030 frm reference case Additinal reductins will cme frm investments in public transit, green infrastructure, innvatin and clean technlgy Reductins will be assessed and quantified as specific prjects are identified and prgrams are implemented Ptential increases in stred carbn in frests, sils, and wetlands culd als make an imprtant cntributin t meeting Canada s 2030 target Emissins reductins frm additinal future actins will be assessed if and when new measures are implemented 15
Pathway t Canada s 2030 target Nte: current prjectins based n 2016 NIR; updated prjectins based n 2017 NIR will be available in several mnths 16
Transitin t Lw-Carbn Ecnmy PCF measures and investments will: Enable Canada t meet r exceed 2030 target Prvide a strng fundatin fr deeper emissins reductins ver time Build a highly-cmpetitive, lw-carbn ecnmy Enhance resilience t the impacts f a changing climate Many plicies and measures are scalable, enabling increasing ambitin ver time Onging mnitring and reprting n results will ensure effective plicies, take stck f prgress, and infrm Canada s future natinal cmmitments, per the Paris Agreement: Annual reprts t Prime Minister f Canada, and prvincial and territrial premiers External assessment and advice by experts Reviews f carbn pricing appraches in 2020 and 2022 17
Canada is mbilizing glbal investment twards resilient and lw-carbn ecnmies Canada is delivering n its pledge f $2.65B by 2020 t help develping cuntries, in particular the prest and mst vulnerable, transitin t lw-carbn ecnmies and build climate resilience Since BR2, Canada has annunced $841M in new cntributins, including: $300M fr climate change adaptatin and mitigatin prjects thrugh the Green Climate Fund $200M fr the Asian Develpment Bank t mbilize private sectr climate change investments $150M t supprt the Africa Renewable Energy Initiative $40M t supprt adaptatin and climate risk insurance in Africa thrugh the Africa Risk Capacity $30M fr adaptatin by the prest cuntries thrugh the Least Develped Cuntries Fund $14M t supprt NDC implementatin in Mexic and Chile $3M t Wrld Bank s Transfrmative Carbn Asset Facility t supprt emissin reductins $2M t the Natinal Adaptatin Plans Glbal Netwrk fr climate-capacity building In additin t ur pledge, Canada s develpment assistance and exprt credit agency are als cntributing t scaling-up climate-friendly investment 18
Lng-Term Lw-Greenhuse Gas Develpment Strategy Develped in parallel t PCF and released at COP22 Describes pssible pathways twards lng-term decarbnizatin, based n mdelling f different scenaris Examines an emissins-abatement pathway cnsistent with net emissins falling by at least 80% in 2050, frm 2005 levels Key factrs identified in the Mid-Century Strategy include: nn-emitting electricity generatin; electrificatin f certain end-use applicatins (e.g., transprtatin, buildings, and industry); lw-carbn fuels; energy cnservatin and efficiency gains, and frest-related mitigatin fcused effrts t reduce emissins f shrt-lived climate pllutants such as black carbn, methane, HFCs and grund level zne 19
Next Steps Canada is mving frward t implement the measures in the PCF Prgress t date includes: Discussin paper n the prpsed clean fuel standard released in February Regulatins t reduce methane emissins, HFCs, and t accelerate the phase-ut f cal-fired electricity by 2030 are under develpment. Wrking with prvinces and territries n carbn pricing; cnsultatin dcument t be released May 2017; legislatin expected t be intrduced by fall 2017 Cmmitment t nging mnitring and reprting t supprt Pan-Canadian Framewrk implementatin: Annual prgress reprts t Canada s Prime Minister and Premiers and the public Prcess fr nging and meaningful engagement with Indigenus Peples Develpment f a mechanism t seek advice frm external experts t assess effectiveness f measures Interim review f carbn pricing appraches by 2020, fllwed by full review in 2022 7th Natinal Cmmunicatin and 3rd Biennial Reprt will be submitted t the UNFCCC by January 1st, 2018 20