Clean Energy America February 2011
Clean Energy America Professionals from Nuclear Industry Our Message: Nuclear energy must be a part of the energy mix Clean Affordable Reliable
Nuclear Power Today 104 reactors provide 20% of our electricity 2/3 of carbon-free electricity Excellent safety record One nuclear power plant can power a city about the size of Sacramento or Long Beach Lowest production costs
Nuclear Energy: Good for the Environment Produces no greenhouse gases California s use of nuclear power as an alternative to coal is equivalent to about 539,000 passenger cars. Conserving Natural Resources Reduces dependence on coal, natural gas and oil Each plant s electrical production during the course of a year is equal to that of 1.4 billion gallons of oil or 912 train loads of coal
Electricity Generation Nuclear Energy Supplies 20% of U.S. Power Source: Ventyx Velocity Suite / Energy Information Administration and Energy Information Administration s Monthly Review May 10
Electricity Sources That Emit No Greenhouse Gases Source: Ventyx Velocity Suite / Energy Information Administration and Energy Information Administration s Monthly Review May 10
U.S. Capacity Factors by Fuel Type 2009 Fuel Type Average Capacity Factors (%) Nuclear 90.5 Coal (Steam Turbine) 63.1 Gas (Combined Cycle) 44.7 Hydro 29.4 Wind 27.8 Solar 23.5 Gas (Steam Turbine) 13.3 Oil (Steam Turbine) 7.4 Source: Ventyx Velocity Suite / Energy Information Administration Updated: 5/10
Nuclear Energy is the Lowest Cost Producer U.S. Electricity Production Costs for 2008, Cents/kWh Oil, 12.37 Gas, 5.00 Nuclear, 2.03 Coal, 2.97 2009 Production Costs = Operations and Maintenance Costs + Fuel Costs Source: Ventyx Velocity Suite Updated: 5/10
Life-Cycle Carbon Footprint 1200 1041 1000 800 622 600 400 200 46 39 18 17 15 14 0 Coal Natural Gas Biomass Solar Hydro Nuclear Geothermal Wind Tons of Carbon Dioxide per GWh Life Cycle Assessment of Electricity Generating Systems and Applications for Climate Change Policy Analysis, Paul J. Meyer, University of Wisconson-Madison, August 2002.
Fuel Equivalents 3 barrels of oil, 126 gallons 1 ton of coal, 2000 lbs 1 Uranium fuel pellet 5000 lbs of wood 17,000 ft 3 of natural gas 10
U.S. Needs 24 Percent More Electricity by 2035 BkWh 3,830 4,898 2009 2035 Net Generation to the Grid Source: Energy Information Administration s Annual Energy Outlook 2010 Updated: 2/10
Record Favorability for Nuclear Energy, 1983-2010 Annual Averages Until 2010, Percentages Bisconti Research, Inc. survey of 1,000 U.S. adults; margin of error +/- 3 percentage points
798.7 Top 10 Nuclear Generating Countries 2009, Billion kwh 390 260.1 153 141.1 127.6 85.3 77.5 70.1 62.9 U.S. France Japan Russia Korea Rep. Germany Canada Ukraine China UK Source: International Atomic Energy Agency, U.S. is from Energy Information Administration Updated: 5/10
World Nuclear Power Generation Source: International Atomic Energy Agency and World Nuclear Association (8/10)
Pressurized Water Reactor Grid Cooling
Steam Cycle (BWR) BWR Boiling Water Reactor
Turbines Convert thermal energy (steam) into mechanical (rotational) energy Turbines: 1 High Pressure Turbine 3 Low Pressure Turbines Connected on a common shaft with the rotor for the generator Similar to blowing on a pinwheel 17 17
Turbine Blades 18 18
Nuclear Fisson Process by which heat is generated in the reactor core Takes heavy atoms and splits them into smaller ones Heat Neutrons 19 19
A Fuel Assembly Handle Typical Fuel Assembly Fuel Pellet Fuel Rod Channel Sub-Assembly (1of 4 per fuel assembly) Nose Piece
Nuclear Reactor Levels of Containment Containment Vessel 1.5-inch thick steel Bio Shield 4 foot thick leaded concrete with 1.5-inch thick steel lining inside and out Reactor Vessel 4 to 8 inches thick steel Reactor Fuel Cladding 21
Fuel Storage Container Transport to Storage Area
Advanced Reactors and SMRs Small Modular Reactors Light Water Thorium Reactors Other advanced designs Benefits: Complement large reactors, factory built, less expensive to build and create jobs in America
Why Modular Nuclear Baseload Non carbon emitting Potentially lower cost than large nuclear Scalable build as you need Easier to finance Meets or exceeds safety standards
Modular Nuclear Examples Babcock & Wilcox NuScale Four B&W mpower nuclear reactors configured as a 500 megawatt nuclear power plant.
Technology Economic Comparison Capital Cost $/KW Capacity Factor % Install MWe for 500MWa Coal $3300 80 625 $2.1B Capital Cost for 500MWa Gas-CT $1200 50 1000 $1.2B Modular Nuclear $4000 90 550 $2.2B Wind $2200 33 1500 $3.3B Solar $4000 25 2000 $8.0B
Economic Comparison Technology Capital Cost 500MWa Debt Cost 20yr/5% O&M Costs $/MWhr Fuel Cost $/MWhr Carbon Costs $/MWhr Coal $2.1B 38 8 25 25 96 Gas-CT $1.2B 22 5 55 10 92 Modular Nuclear $2.2B 40 20 6 0 66 Wind $3.3B 60 15 0 0 75 Solar $8.0B 145 2 0 0 147 Total Costs $/MWhr
Economic Impact ~15,000 jobs already created by license application process ~130,000 jobs generated with building 30 plants Approximately 400-700 dedicated long-term nuclear professionals at each plant. Up to 3,000-4,000 employees for new reactors at peak construction periods.
For more Information go to: www.nei.org www.nrc.gov