Organic animal husbandry of Achham cattle, world s smallest cattle breed
|
|
- Bruce Sharp
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Organic animal husbandry of Achham cattle, world s smallest cattle breed DEVENDRA PRASAD BHANDARI Institute of Agriculture and Animal Sciences (IAAS), Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal. bhdevendraa@gmail.com Abstract Achham cattle are the smallest indigenous cattle breed of the world with population 863 (DLSO Achham) and less than 1m tall, registered in Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO) found only in Khaptad buffer zone, Achham district of Nepal. The major constraints regarding these precious and important breeds are; low level of management, lack of appropriate breeding strategy, cross breeding, least empha- sis on research and exploration, decreased interest of the farmers towards livestock farming, illegal trade to Tibet for slaughter, etc, due to which the breed is in critically endangered condition. This disease resistance milch breed can be reared in low input system in wide range of climatic condi- tions (5-400C). These constraints have left opportunities for the organic farming of the Achham cattle. Different activities that can be undertaken are; selection of the superior individuals for the milk yield, provision of balanced organic feed supplement, sanitation, administration of the conven- tional herbal and ayurvedic medicines for disease management, disease resistance and abiotic stress tolerance, in-situ conservation of the breed, policy to reduce the illegal trade to Tibet, com- mercialization of the breeds and its organic products in the national and international market. Another virgin topic that has to be done is its publicity and advertisement and best suitable breed for the organic farming. This breed can be improved as the organic breed as work has to be done from root level. Key words: Achham cattle, organic animal breeding, in-situ conservation and ex situ conservation Introduction: Sustainable animal husbandry is considered as positive future way out (Lin et al., 2003), that stres- ses on the resilience ability of ecological biodiversity. In the hills fodder trees and straw along with negligible concentrate comprises the diet of these animals (Kaphle and Devkota, 2000), while con- centrate feed is available to high producing animals. Twelve percent of this is exotic (pure and cross bred) and the rest indigenous (Neopane et al., 2005). In Nepal there are most notably seven indi- genous cattle breeds identified. They are Terai cattle, Lulu, Pahadi, Siri, Khailia, Achham and Yak (Neopane et al., 2005). Achham cattle (Bos indicus) are considered as rare breed of cattle (FAO online, 2008) and smallest breed of cattle in the world (NARC, 2008). Achham cattle provide food (milk) to farmers, power for agricultural operations and manure for maintaining and enhancing soil fertility (FAO et al, 1993/1994). These indigenous Achham cattle represents a small proportion of total cattle population and are mostly found in Achham, Bajhang, Bajura, and Doti Districts of Western Nepal mid and high hills (Neopane, 2002).They are known as Sano Gai (Sano= small and Gai = cattle in Nepali) or Naumuthe Gai meaning Small cattle (Neopane et al., 2005). This can be a suitable breed for low input system mainly in hills (Shrestha et al., 1996). Achham cattle as being the smallest breed are less than 1 meter in height at withers. They are suita- ble for hill conditions and low input system. Body color varies from black to white i.e. black, brown, grey, white, spotted black and white. Ear is straight with an average length of 17 cm. Its temperament varies from docile to wild. The wither height of Achham cattle was 90.8 ± 0.96 cm at the age of 9 years. Similarly maximum body weight and body length were ± 5.1 kg and ± 1.52 cm respectively at the age of 8 years (ABD, 1995).
2 Table 1. Phenotypic characteristics of Achham Cattle (means ± standard errors in cm) Parameters Achham Cattle Body length ± 1.23 Heart girth ± 1.40 Height at wither ± 0.96 Height at hip bone ± 0.76 Head length ± 0.54 Tail length ± 1.26 Horn length 3.0 Ear length ± 0.28 Neck length ± 0.66 Loin length ± 1.65 Barrel height from ground ± 0.72 Four legs above knee ± 0.46 Four legs below knee ± 0.42 Rear legs above knee ± 0.53 Rear legs below knee ± 0.46 Adult body weight (Kg) ± 7.46 Source: Neopane et al. (2005); Shrestha et al. (1996) Table 2. Productive and reproductive performance of Achham cattle (means, ± Standard errors) Parameters Achham Cattle Age at 1st service (Months) 48(36-60) Age at 1st calving (Months) 60(48-72) Gestation length (days) 285 ± 1.80 Calving intervals (Months) 17(12-24) Average daily milk yield (Liters) 1.5 ± 0.22(1-4) Lactation length (days) 225( ) Source: Neopane et al. (2005); Shrestha et al. (1996) Though it has manifold valuable traits that are better than other cattle breeds, its number is decli- ning day by day. It is sure that in near future these cattle will remain only in papers. So, it is the time for the every stakeholder of livestock and conservationists to think and take actions towards the conservation of this breed. Population declining rapidly due to cross breeding while grazing with other breeds, outmigration/ export to Tibet for slaughter and socio economic reasons.
3 Methodology: Following measures should be undertaken to conserve Achham cattle like other endanger cattle breeds: Survey on the status of breed: First step that should be taken is to conduct survey on the real status of the cattle in the pocket areas. Data should be generated on the various factors like the number of the cattle, number of pure breed, number of cross breed, diseases that mostly responsible for their reduction in number and quality, existing farming practice, and other factors. Selection of the genetically pure stocks and breeding strategy: From the breed population of Achham cattle, prolific pure breeder bull and cow should be selected on the basis of the physical and reproductive characters. About 5-10 bull and 50 cows can be selected according to their superiority over other individuals. These all selected individuals should be managed in a farm. In the farm, focus on the natural breeding should be given and should be avoided the cross bree- ding/ out breeding with other breeds. Parents of previous cross should be culled out from the herd. Among the progenies, again selection should be done to obtain the pure breeds; this can be done for 2-3 generation. Finally we select pure breed of Achham cattle for the purpose of breeding purpose with another breeds to get the hybrids which can benefit important characters of the Achham cattle. At the same time, focus should be given to maintain this important cattle genotype. The AI and ET should be avoided during the breeding process to retain totally organic cattle breed of achham cattle. When pure breed of Achham cattle will be obtained, then there will wide range of opportunity to take consideration in its improvement in productivity. Crossing with other superior varieties in respect to productivity or milk yield will eventually give hybrid, of Achham cattle and crossed breeds, with perfects traits like disease resistance, small in height, high milk yield, and so on. In-situ and ex-situ conservation: For its conservation, the local environment of Achham, Doti, Bajhang and bajura should be prima- rily utilized. In addition to this, similar environment can be used to conserve this breed anywhere of Nepal and in foreign countries. These approaches of conservation not only conserve the declining population of the cattle but also help in the dissemination of this breed in variable environments of the world. Feeding: Feeding arrangement should be done so that cow gets enough nutrients required for different stages of developments. Generally, pasture feeding should be encouraged, besides to this feeds like straw, silage, cereals, concentrates can be supplemented. This is because most of the cattle in the popula- tion are now malnourished so gives bad performance. Stop the illegal trade: From various studies, it is found that this breed of cattle is traded to Tibet illegally. This practice should be discouraged to conserve the infinitesimal number of remaining Achham cattle. There should be the provision of law to the illegal trader. Awareness program and dissemination of its importance:
4 One of the major factors behind the decrease in the number of this cattle from the Far western regi- on of Nepal is due to the socio economic reasons. Local cow raisers are discouraged because of its low productivity and due to the low income from this breed. These necessities the awareness pro- gram simultaneous to the improvement of these cattle breeds with desired characters. The importance of this breed should be made clear to the local raisers and also this information should be dissemi- nated to various conservationists and related stakeholders. Conclusion: Review of the different papers and the real status of the Achham cattle seek its conservation from us because its number and genotype is in great risk. If any measures towards its conservations and improvements are not undertaken, Achham cattle will be limited to the pages of the journals and in history. Local farmers of its native habitat were continuously working for its conservation but their efforts are not working effectively. So, it s our time to take a way to conserve it now. The best way to conserve them and utilize the genotype for the breeding program can be effectively achieved by the organic breeding method and in-situ and ex-situ conservation approach. Organic breeding should include selection of the superior individuals, crossing among themselves and again selection within progeny; cross progeny to obtain pure breed. But there should be taken equal consideration to avoid out breeding. Final progenies should be maintained and multiplied. These afterwards should be used to get the superior breeds including the high milking character of another breed and disease resistance, short height, tolerance to extreme environment characters of the Achham cattle. Conservation in its natural or native environment can significantly help to increase its number. In addition, another approach for conservation i.e. ex-situ conservation should be done in the diverse climatic condition around the world. Dissemination of the breed to the different environment around the world will itself aid to its conservation. Reference: Annual Report, ABD Annual Report. Animal Breeding Division, Nepal Agricultural research Council. (NARC), Khumaltar, Laliltpur, P.O. Box 1950, Katmandu Nepal Dhakal, Kumud Exploratory epidemiological survey with an objective to establish Hematological va- lues and karyotyping in indigenous (Achham). Institute of Agriculture and Animal sciences (IAAS), Rampur, Chitwan, Nepal. FAO Breed Survey Livestock Agriculture Statistics Division, Ministry of Agriculture (1992/93). Livestock Statistics of Nepal' and Domestic Animals of Nepal. FAO Country Reports Nepal. /en/genetics/documents /Interlaken/country reports/nepal.pdf.retrived on February 28, Kaphle, K. and N. R. Devkota Constraints in the Development of Fodder trees and Non Timber purpose Tree Species in the Mid Hills of Nepal. Paper presented at the National Workshop on Fodder Deficits in Mid Hills of Nepal, organized jointly by Nepal Agro forestry Foundation, Natural Resources Institute, UK and DFSR, Kathmandu, Nepal, September, Lin, J. H., K. Kaphle, L.S. Wu and P. Rogers Sustainable Veterinary Medicine for the New Era. Scientific and Technical Review, International Office of Epizootics, Paris, France, 2003, 22 (3):
5 NARC Highlights Animal Breeding, /AnnReport9697/Genetics.html. Retrieved on February 28, Neopane, S P and P.K. Pokhrel Indigenous cattle of Nepal. Nepal Agricultural research council (NARC), Khumaltar, Lalitpur, P.O.Box 1950, Katmandu, Nepal Neopane, S P Prospects of sustainable livestock development through indigenous breeds in high alti- tudes and range lands. Paper presented at workshop organized by the Ministry of forest and soil conserva- tion on the occasion of international mountain year 2002 at Nagarkot from 1 to 2 October, Shrestha, S; B.S. Shrestha, and N.P. Shrestha Morphological characteristics and production, reproduction, and performance of Achhami cattle. Proceedings at 1st national workshop on livestock and fishe- ries research in Nepal. Nepal Agricultural Research Council Khumaltar, Lalitpur, Nepal, Pp 62-72
Performance characteristics of the Yak in Nepal and its crosses with Mountain cattle
1 Performance characteristics of the Yak in Nepal and its crosses with Mountain cattle Mohan Kharel, Shreeram P. Neopane and Rabindra Shrestha Background Yak (Bos grunnines) is one of the most wonderful,
More informationCONSERVATION AND UTILIZATION OF INDIGENOUS BUFFALO GENETIC RESOURCES
CONSERVATION AND UTILIZATION OF INDIGENOUS BUFFALO GENETIC RESOURCES D. P. Rasali a,1, S. K. Shrestha b, N. Gorkhali a a Nepal Agricultural Research Council, Ram Shah Path, Kathmandu (Nepal); and b Ministry
More informationChapter XV Importance of fodder to reduce the cost of milk production in farmers perspective
Chapter XV Importance of fodder to reduce the cost of milk production in farmers perspective S. P. Neopane Senior Scientist and Head of Animal Breeding Division, Nepal Agricultural Research Council Keywords:
More informationLivestock Statistics FY 2072/73 (2015/16) Background
Government of Nepal Ministry of Livestock Development (MoLD) Department of Livestock Services (DLS)) Nepal: An agricultural country Strategy to enhance the production and productivity of buffaloes for
More informationDr. Gatot Ciptadi. Fac. Of Animal Husbandry, UB. gatotciptadi.lecture.ub.ac.id. Dr.Gatot Ciptadi,Fac.Of Anim.
Dr. Gatot Ciptadi Fac. Of Animal Husbandry, UB Email: ciptadi@ub.ac.id gatotciptadi.lecture.ub.ac.id Animal Breeding Practices Genetic Impact Breeding has an important impact on animal production, as breeding
More informationDr. Gatot Ciptadi. Fac. Of Animal Husbandry, UB. gatotciptadi.lecture.ub.ac.id.
Dr. Gatot Ciptadi Fac. Of Animal Husbandry, UB Email: ciptadi@ub.ac.id gatotciptadi.lecture.ub.ac.id Animal Breeding Practices Genetic Impact Breeding has an important impact on animal production, as breeding
More informationMorphometric, productive and reproductive characteristics of cattle at Magura district
International Journal of Natural and Social Sciences 2 (2015) 113-117 ISSN: 2313-4461 Morphometric, productive and reproductive characteristics of cattle at Magura district Md. Mostafijur Rahman 1, Yasir
More informationLivestock and Climate Change in South Asia. Carolyn Opio 26 August 2008 Dhaka
Livestock and Climate Change in South Asia Carolyn Opio 26 August 2008 Dhaka Content The Livestock sector in South Asia Livestock and climate change Mitigation and Adaptation Policy options and conclusions
More informationStudy on morphometric, productive and reproductive traits of native cattle at Sylhet district
J. Bangladesh Agril. Univ. 9(1): 85 89, 2011 ISSN 1810-3030 Study on morphometric, productive and reproductive traits of native cattle at Sylhet district B. Koirala, M. Z. Alam, A. Iqbal and A. K. F. H.
More informationLocal cattle breeds and performance potentials in rural areas in Iran
Local cattle breeds and performance potentials in rural areas in Iran Safari,S., Bokaian J., Ghorbani, Zakizadeh S., H.R. Monazami Hasheminejad Higher Education Institution, Mashhad, Iran Introduction
More informationEvaluate the Productive and Reproductive Performance Considering Genotypes of Dairy Cows
International Journal of Nutrition and Food Sciences 216; 5(6-1): 1-15 http://www.sciencepublishinggroup.com/j/ijnfs doi: 1.11648/j.ijnfs.s.216561.13 ISSN: 2327-2694 (Print); ISSN: 2327-2716 (Online) Evaluate
More informationDairy Recording in Kenya
Dairy Recording in Kenya E.A. Kenya Agricultural Research Institute P.O. Box 57811, Nairobi, Kenya Livestock production is an important sector in the economy of Kenya. The sector contributes to approximately
More informationSession 1. Presentation of the seven most relevant cases of on-field buffalo recording
Session 1. Presentation of the seven most relevant cases of on-field buffalo recording The Dairy Herd Improvement Programme Actions (DIPA) have been organized in a few selected districts in the State of
More informationList of Equipment, Tools, Supplies, and Facilities:
Unit E: Segments of the Animal Industry Lesson 1: Exploring the Cattle Industry Student Learning Objectives: Instruction in this lesson should result in students achieving the following objectives: 1.
More informationUnit E Segments of the Animal Industry. Lesson 1 Exploring the Cattle Industry
Unit E Segments of the Animal Industry Lesson 1 Exploring the Cattle Industry 1 Terms Cattle feeders Conformation Cow-calf operation Cutability Demand Dual-purpose breed desirable traits Feeder calves
More informationExploring the Dairy Industry
Lesson B2 2: Exploring the Dairy Industry Unit B. Animal Science and the Industry Problem Area 2. Identifying and Understanding the Segments of the Animal Science Industry Lesson 2. Exploring the Dairy
More informationDetermining the costs and revenues for dairy cattle
Determining the costs and revenues for dairy cattle Regional Training Course on Agricultural Cost of Production Statistics 21 25 November 2016, Daejeon, Republic of Korea 1 Definitions Production costs
More information34 Nepal. LI-BIRD s approach to supporting community seed banks. Pitambar Shrestha and Sajal Sthapit. Purpose and evolution of support
34 Nepal LI-BIRD s approach to supporting community seed banks Pitambar Shrestha and Sajal Sthapit Purpose and evolution of support Kachorwa in Bara district in Nepal s central terai or plains is one of
More informationExploring the Dairy Industry
Lesson B2 2 Exploring the Dairy Industry Unit B. Animal Science and the Industry Problem Area 2. Identifying and Understanding the Segments of the Animal Science Industry Lesson 2. Exploring the Dairy
More informationDevelopment of the Sunandini cattle breed in India
Development of the Sunandini cattle breed in India C.T. Chacko http://www.fao.org/livestock/agap/war/warall/t4650b/t4650b0v.htm The author's address is: Kerala Livestock Development Board, Muvattupuzha
More informationDevelopment of animal breeding strategies for the local breeds of ruminants in the French West Indies
Development of animal breeding strategies for the local breeds of ruminants in the French West Indies M. Naves 1, F. Leimbacher 2, G. Alexandre 1 & N. Mandonnet 1 1 INRA URZ, Domaine Duclos, Prise d Eau,
More informationInternational workshop
International workshop CATTLE SECTOR DEVELOPMENT - Le Meridien Villon Convention Centre in the context of the 59 th EAAP Annual Meeting Workshop jointly organized by: EAAP Cattle Network Working Group
More informationGOAT BREEDING IN MONTENEGRO Current status and prospective
UNIVERSITY OF MONTENEGRO BIOTECHNICAL FACULTY, PODGORICA European Regional Conference on Goats FAO Workshop on goat breeding Debrecen, 08 11 th April 2014 GOAT BREEDING IN MONTENEGRO Current status and
More informationDevelopment of an Economic Breeding Index EBI for Ireland. Ross Evans (ICBF)
Development of an Economic Breeding Index EBI for Ireland Ross Evans (ICBF) ICBF Strategy for increasing profit for Irish dairy farmers Maintain a comprehensive database of Irish animal performance information
More informationGENOMICS AND YOUR DAIRY HERD
GENOMICS AND YOUR DAIRY HERD Genomics uses DNA information to predict the genetic merit of bulls and cows. Available in Australia since 2011, genomic information is routinely used to calculate genomic
More informationAdaptations to Climate Change
Adaptations to Climate Change FAB-465 Lecture 9 Annual vs Perennial crops What are the advantages and limitations? Agricultural practices Pests Food processing transport Tillage vs no tillage 1 Scope of
More informationTraditional low producing dairy breeds used as suckler cows, a threat or a future oriented solution?
Traditional low producing dairy breeds used as suckler cows, a threat or a future oriented solution? Nina Sæther, PhD & Anna Rehnberg Norwegian Genetic Resource Centre EAAP 2011, Stavanger, Norway Abstract
More informationMONITORING OF STILL EXISTING RARE BREEDS IN MOUNTAIN REGIONS OF BULGARIA
MONITORING OF STILL EXISTING RARE BREEDS IN MOUNTAIN REGIONS OF BULGARIA Hasan Ali, Docho Genkovski Research Institute of Mountain Stockbreeding and Agriculture, Troyan 5600, Bulgaria I. Preservation of
More informationCOST AND RETURN FROM MILK PRODUCTION AMONG TRIBALS (GUJJARS) IN DIFFERENT DISTRICTS OF JAMMU REGION OF J&K STATE IN INDIA
Received: 16 th August-2012 Revised: 19 th August -2012 Accepted: 24 th August -2012 Research article COST AND RETURN FROM MILK PRODUCTION AMONG TRIBALS (GUJJARS) IN DIFFERENT DISTRICTS OF JAMMU REGION
More informationEvaluation of production efficiencies among primiparous suckler cows of diverse genotype at pasture
Evaluation of production efficiencies among primiparous suckler cows of diverse genotype at pasture S. McCabe 1,2, N. McHugh 3, N. O Connell 2 and R. Prendiville 1 EAAP 67th Annual Meeting, Belfast, 29th
More informationDAIRY & DAIRY GOAT PROJECT RECORD
4HDGR01 DAIRY & DAIRY GOAT PROJECT RECORD Name Parent s Name Mailing Address Zip Age Jr. or Sr. Month, Day, Year of Birth Grade in School Name of School Name of 4-H Club Name of 4-H Leader Name of 4-H
More informationRECOLAD. Introduction to the «atelier 1» Genetic approaches to improve adaptation to climate change in livestock
RECOLAD. Introduction to the «atelier 1» Genetic approaches to improve adaptation to climate change in livestock Ahmed El Beltagy (ahmed_elbeltagi@yahoo.com and D. Laloë (denis.laloe@jouy.inra.fr) Introduction
More informationChauri production systems in upper slope areas, Sindhupalchok, Nepal
Chauri production systems in upper slope areas, Sindhupalchok, Nepal R.S. Pande Nepal-Australia Community Resource Management and Livelihoods Project (NACRMLP), Satdobato, Lalitpur, P.O. Box 208, Kathmandu,
More information2015 Producer Survey Results
2015 Producer Survey Results 2015 CSA Survey Responders by Province 11% 4% 6% 17% 15% 47% 53 Surveys Returned BC 3 AB 25 SK 8 MB 9 ON 6 Maritimes 2 BC AB SK MB ON Maritimes Percentage 35 1) How many cows
More informationAbsolute emissions 1 (million tonnes CO 2 -eq) Average emission intensity (kg CO 2 -eq/kg product) Milk 2 Meat 2 Milk Meat Milk 2 Meat 2
4. Results 4. Cattle This study estimates that in 25, total emissions from cattle production amount to 4 623 million tonnes C 2 -eq. These emissions include emissions associated with the production of
More informationNational Report to the Third Session of the United Nations Forum on Forests. Nepal
National Report to the Third Session of the United Nations Forum on Forests Nepal February 2003 I. Key Contacts Head of Forestry in Nepal: Name: Title Mr. Chandi Prasad Shrestha, Secretary Contact information:
More informationUSA SUSTAINABLE RANCHING COURSE (BREEDING / MANAGEMENT excludes GRAZING)
USA SUSTAINABLE RANCHING COURSE (BREEDING / MANAGEMENT excludes GRAZING) PRESENTER: Johann Zietsman (BSc. Anim. Sci. Cum laude; University of Pretoria). Zimbabwe based Consultant, Cattle Breeder and Originator
More informationFARM VISIT : Vincent Besse s herd
FARM VISIT : Vincent Besse s herd Mixed beefy type, docility and calving ease June 2015 Ø Let s go back to the history of the herd We have been breeders for several generations, so it is quite a long story
More informationSection 5: Production Management
Introduction Lessons included the Production Management section of the elearning tool: Lesson 1: Market Steer Management...94 Lesson 2: Herd Sire Management...96 Lesson 3: Cow & Heifer Management...98
More informationTECA. Zero-grazing of improved cattle breeds using drought tolerant fodder in Uganda. TECHNOLOGIES and PRACTICES for SMALL AGRICULTURAL PRODUCERS
Zero-grazing of improved cattle breeds using drought tolerant fodder in Uganda Source FAO, Le Groupe-Conseil Baastel, Global Climate Change Alliance Keywords Disaster risk reduction, drought, diseases,
More informationDAIRY ANIMAL PRODUCTIVITY ENHANCEMENT PROGRAM With HERDMAN
DAIRY ANIMAL PRODUCTIVITY ENHANCEMENT PROGRAM With HERDMAN (DAIRY ANIMAL DATA RECORDING SYSTEM) Validated Under projects supported by Bombay Veterinary College, Parel, Mumbai 400 012, India National Bank
More informationGenomic selection +Sexed semen +Precision farming = New deal for dairy farmers?
Genomic selection +Sexed semen +Precision farming = New deal for dairy farmers? Laurent Journaux General secretary of France Génétique Elevage SIA souvenir Introduction After a long period of stability
More informationWHETHER dealing with a commercial
Selecting, Producing, and Marketing Beef Cattle WHETHER dealing with a commercial cow-calf, purebred cow-calf, or feedlot operation, a beef producer needs to be capable of analyzing and selecting high-quality
More informationSAVE Foundation and SAVE Network, Konstanz/Germany; and
Agricultural Biodiversity in the Carpathians [ABC] Cross-Border Cooperation in the Carpathian Region for sustainable Conservation of Agricultural Biodiversity Overview SAVE Foundation structure, concept
More informationStudy on Performance of Conservation Tillage Equipment for Wheat and Maize Planting in Nepal
Study on Performance of Conservation Tillage Equipment for Wheat and Maize Planting in Nepal Shreemat Shrestha 1 ABSTRACT Aiming at the reduction of cost of cultivation and maintaining the sustainability
More informationEgyptian Journal of Sheep & Goat Sciences. Vol. 10, (1) P: 55-59, April 2015
Egyptian Journal of Sheep & Goat Sciences. Vol. 10, (1) P: 55-59, April 2015 HERD COMPOSITION, PRODUCTION LEVEL AND PHYSICAL APPEARANCE OF SHEEP KEPT UNDER NEW VALLEY OASES FARMING SYSTEMS. Helmy R.M.
More informationPastured Pork Production Standards and Certification Form
Producer Name: Farm Name: ID: DRIFTLESS AREA BACK TO THE LAND COOPERATIVE Pastured Pork Production Standards and Certification Form Our philosophy is to raise our pigs on healthy pastures with continuous
More informationProceedings, The Range Beef Cow Symposium XXI December 1, 2 and , Casper, WY. Integrating Information into Selection. Loren Berger.
Proceedings, The Range Beef Cow Symposium XXI December 1, 2 and 3 2009, Casper, WY Integrating Information into Selection Loren Berger Introduction Berger s Herdmasters is located on the southern edge
More informationAgricultural Science Past Exam Questions Animal Production Higher Level
Agricultural Science Past Exam Questions Animal Production Higher Level 2013 Question 1 Part (a) (a) Name three breeds of pig including at least two breeds suitable for outdoor (non-intensive) rearing.
More informationThe Future of Camels is their Present
Proceedings of the Third Annual Meeting for Animal Production Under Arid Conditions, Vol. 1: 1-8 1998 United Arab Emirates University The Future of Camels is their Present M. Djemali and G. Alhadrami Department
More informationDAIRY ANIMAL PRODUCTIVITY ENHANCEMENT PROGRAM With HERDMAN
DAIRY ANIMAL PRODUCTIVITY ENHANCEMENT PROGRAM With HERDMAN (DAIRY ANIMAL DATA RECORDING SYSTEM) Validated Under projects supported by Bombay Veterinary College, Parel, Mumbai 400 012, India National Bank
More informationThe breeding association role in the development of the Bulgarian Rhodope Cattle
The breeding association role in the development of the Bulgarian Rhodope Cattle V. Nikolov & Z. Duchev Executive agency for selection and reproduction in animal breeding ICAR 40 th Biennial Session 24-28.
More informationINITIATIVES IN CONSERVATION AND SUSTAINABLE UTILIZATION OF ANIMAL GENETIC RESOURCES IN TANZANIA
INITIATIVES IN CONSERVATION AND SUSTAINABLE UTILIZATION OF ANIMAL GENETIC RESOURCES IN TANZANIA 1.0 INTRODUCTION By A.P.Njombe Director for Livestock Production and Marketing Ministry of Livestock and
More informationCENTRAL HERD REGISTRATION SCHEME AJMER, RAJASTHAN GIR BULL
CENTRAL HERD REGISTRATION SCHEME AJMER, RAJASTHAN 305006 GIR BULL Government of India Ministry of Agri. &Farmers Welfare, Dept. of Animal Husbandry, Dairying & Fisheries Central Herd Registration Scheme
More informationProductive and reproductive performance of Holstein Friesian crossbred and indigenous cow under small holder farming system
Productive and reproductive performance of Holstein Friesian crossbred and indigenous cow under small holder farming system MJA Mamun, MAS Khan*, MAH Sarker, MN Islam Department of Dairy Science, Bangladesh
More informationThe Dairy Carbon Navigator
The Dairy Carbon Navigator Improving Carbon Efficiency on Irish Dairy Farms The Farm Carbon Navigator was developed by Teagasc and Bord Bia as an advisory tool to support the Sustainable Dairy Assurance
More informationAngus Bull. Selecting your next
Selecting your next Angus Bull Careful selection of the most appropriate bulls offers a considerable opportunity to increase productivity and profitability within a beef breeding enterprise, with each
More informationNepal Export Project Insecticide Impregnated Ear Tags. Cara Fitzgerald
Nepal Export Project Insecticide Impregnated Ear Tags. Cara Fitzgerald Part I Product information Introduction of Product Insecticide ear tags are primarily used for cattle. The tags reduce the amount
More informationPERFORMANCE OF DAIRY CATTLE UNDER TWO DIFFERENT FEEDING SYSTEMS, AS PRACTICED IN KIAMBU AND NYANDARUA DISTRICTS OF CENTRAL KENYA
PERFORMANCE OF DAIRY CATTLE UNDER TWO DIFFERENT FEEDING SYSTEMS, AS PRACTICED IN KIAMBU AND NYANDARUA DISTRICTS OF CENTRAL KENYA P.N. MBUGUA, C.K. GACHUIRI, R.G. WAHOME, M.M. WANYOIKE, A. ABATE Department
More informationExternal Training Programmes
External Training Programmes Human Resource Development Cooperative Training & Development Non-NDPI programmes Training programmes at NDDB, Anand by Human Resource Development-Coops Group NDDB offers training/orientation
More informationCountry: Serbia I. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Country report supporting the preparation of The Second Report on the State of the World's Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture, including sector-specific data contributing to The State of
More informationBreeding Program of the Bulgarian Murrah Buffalo
Breeding Program of the Bulgarian Murrah Buffalo Tzonka PEEVA *, Plamen NIKOLOV, Tania NIKOLOVA, Pencho PENCHEV and Yordanka ILIEVA Bulgarian National Association for Development of Buffalo Breeding, 3
More informationUse of New Breeding Techniques applied to cattle
17 May 2018 Use of New Breeding Techniques applied to cattle European Parliament Committee on Agriculture and Rural Development Pôle de Lanaud, headquarter of the french Limousin breed 2 The breeding program
More informationIssues and challenges in improving dairy genetics for smallholders. Badi Besbes, Animal Production and Health Division, FAO
Issues and challenges in improving dairy genetics for smallholders Badi Besbes, Animal Production and Health Division, FAO Content Setting the scene: few figures on dairy genetics Characteristics of Small-Holder
More information3 Outcome of the sustainability assessment
the milk buyer. Where the data were fully entered into the computer on farm, the results were immediately shown to the farmer and there was opportunity for discussion. In all cases, farmers later received
More informationNational Dairy Development Board. Dairying In. Andhra Pradesh. A Statistical Profile 2018
Dairying In National Dairy Development Board Andhra Pradesh A Statistical Profile 2018 District Map of Andhra Pradesh Foreword In this publication Dairying in Andhra Pradesh - A Statistical Profile 2018,
More informationExperiences with implementation of a dual purpose cattle conservation programmes in Poland
Ewa Sosin-Bzducha Experiences with implementation of a dual purpose cattle conservation programmes in Poland National Research Institute of Animal Production Balice near Kraków Outline 1. Introduction:
More informationStrategy for Applying Genome-Wide Selection in Dairy Cattle
Strategy for Applying Genome-Wide Selection in Dairy Cattle L. R. Schaeffer Centre for Genetic Improvement of Livestock Department of Animal & Poultry Science University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, Canada N1G
More informationFinal Technical Report: Community-based Goat Productivity Improvement in Central and South Meru Districts (R7634)
Final Technical Report: Community-based Goat Productivity Improvement in Central and South Meru Districts (R7634) 1. Executive Summary Crossbred milking goats have proved to be a popular source of cash
More informationAgriculture Update Volume 12 TECHSEAR OBJECTIVES
A U DOI: 10.15740/HAS/AU/12.TECHSEAR(3)2017/799-803 Agriculture Update Volume 12 TECHSEAR-3 2017 799-803 Visit us : www.researchjournal.co.in RESEARCH ARTICLE : Feeding practices adopted for cattle in
More informationPeul, Touabire and Djallonke sheep breeding programmes in Senegal
Fall Peul, Touabire and Djallonke sheep breeding programmes in Senegal A. Fall ISRA, Route des Hydrocarbures, Bel-Air, BP-3120, Dakar, Senegal This paper reports on the plan, design and operational aspects
More informationBREEDPLAN EBVs The Traits Explained
BREEDPLAN EBVs The Traits Explained BREEDPLAN currently reports EBVs for a range of economically important traits. These traits include: Weight Fertility/Calving Carcase Other Birth Weight Scrotal Size
More informationThe State of Arab Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture. The Arab Center for the Studies of Arid Zones and Dry Lands (ACSAD)
The State of Arab Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture The Arab Center for the Studies of Arid Zones and Dry Lands (ACSAD) The State of Arab Animal Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture
More informationThe importance of AnGR in Serbia:
The importance of AnGR in Serbia: Livestock of the Republic of Serbia in the structure of agricultural production accounts for almost 42%, while the rest belongs to crop production. AnGR become of fundamental
More informationDifferentiating Four livestock Production Systems
4 Differentiating Four livestock Production Systems Learning Objectives: Understanding The four major livestock production systems The characteristics of the four major livestock production systems in
More informationIntegrated Agricultural Systems for the Poor and Vulnerable
Thematic Theme Integrated Agricultural Systems for the Poor and Vulnerable Starting from the users: IN THE BEGINNING... 1. In the past CGIAR has in most cases defined itself around its products, rather
More informationManaging stock surplus to the milking herd
10 Managing stock surplus to the milking herd This chapter discusses the classes of stock on the dairy farm that are sold to generate income. The main points in this chapter Milking cows can be culled
More informationManagement of farm animal genetic resources in Lithuania. R.Sveistiene Nitra,
Management of farm animal genetic resources in Lithuania R.Sveistiene Nitra, 2017-12-07 Data on livestock population, thous. heads Year Dairy cattle Nondairy cattle Sheep Goats Horses Swine Rabbits Poultry
More informationTWENTY YEARS OF GENETIC PROGRESS IN AUSTRALIAN HOLSTEINS
TWENTY YEARS OF GENETIC PROGRESS IN AUSTRALIAN HOLSTEINS P.E.Thurn 1, A.E. McClintock 1 1 Genetics Australia, Bacchus Marsh, Vic 334 SUMMARY Australian Holsteins have made significant genetic progress
More informationPerspectives and prospects of milk production in Western Maharashtra
Volume 5 Issue 2 September, 2014 224230 e ISSN22316434 International R esearch J ournal of A gricultural E conomics and S tatistics Visit Us www.researchjournal.co.in Research Paper DOI : 10.15740/HAS/IRJAES/5.2/224230
More informationDr. D.R.T.G. Ratnayake & Dr. L.W.N. Samaranayake
Dr. D.R.T.G. Ratnayake & Dr. L.W.N. Samaranayake Location of Sri Lanka in world map Eastern longitude between 79 and 82 Northern latitude between 5 and 10 Sri Lanka Total area 65,525 sq km 9 provinces
More informationImplementation of dairy cattle breeding policy in Ethiopia some reflections on complementary strategies
Implementation of dairy cattle breeding policy in Ethiopia some reflections on complementary strategies Sipke Joost Hiemstra 13 April 2018, Addis, Ethiopia Centre for Genetic Resources, the Netherlands
More informationPLEASURE WITH A CLEAR CONSCIENCE beef from the grasslands of the Baltic States Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania.
PLEASURE WITH A CLEAR CONSCIENCE beef from the grasslands of the Baltic States Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. Version from 30.05.2018 1 INDEX OF CONTENT overview 4...INITIAL POSITION OBJECTIVE Philosophy
More informationUkraine. Vladimir Shablia, PhD. Institute of Animal Science of National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine ( Kharkov )
Implementation of Developments of Institute of Animal Science in Dairy Cattle Breeding in Ukraine Vladimir Shablia, PhD Institute of Animal Science of National Academy of Agrarian Sciences of Ukraine (
More informationThe new infrastructure for cattle and sheep breeding in Ireland.
IRISH CATTLE BREEDING FEDERATION & SHEEP IRELAND The new infrastructure for cattle and sheep breeding in Ireland. Brian Wickham Chief Executive ICBF & Sheep Ireland Irish Cattle Breeding Federation Soc.
More informationRoutine Calving Induction Dairy industry revised policy position
Routine Calving Induction Dairy industry revised policy position Questions & Answers Background: In April 2015, following a series of meetings and consultation with farmers, vets and processors, the dairy
More informationSheep meat balance in Republic of Macedonia
Sheep meat balance ORIGINAL in Republic SCIENTIFIC of Macedonia PAPER Sheep meat balance in Republic of Macedonia Ana KOTEVSKA, Jovan AŽDERSKI, Dragi DIMITRIEVSKI Faculty of Agricultural Sciences and Food
More informationQuantitative Genetics
Quantitative Genetics Polygenic traits Quantitative Genetics 1. Controlled by several to many genes 2. Continuous variation more variation not as easily characterized into classes; individuals fall into
More informationGrowth. Monitoring Dairy Heifer
Growth Monitoring Dairy Heifer College of Agricultural Sciences Growth Monitoring Dairy Heifer Introduction Raising dairy heifers to an adequate size and with an age at first calving between 22 and 24
More informationIntegrated Fodder Development Programme
Integrated Fodder Development Programme Introduction: Agriculture is the main source of livelihood for most of the rural population in the state of Odisha. Agricultural byproducts are inputs for livestock
More informationGenetics to meet pastoral farming requirements in the 2020 s a dairy perspective. Phil Beatson, R&D Manager CRV Ambreed
Genetics to meet pastoral farming requirements in the 2020 s a dairy perspective Phil Beatson, R&D Manager CRV Ambreed Content About CRV Ambreed Some issues facing pastoral farming and CRV Ambreed initiatives
More informationCross Breeding Effect on the Performance of Indigenous Cattle: Challenges and Opportunities
Journal of Agricultural Science and Food Technology Vol. (2), pp. 6-2, April, 205 205 Pearl Research Journals Research Paper Cross Breeding Effect on the Performance of Indigenous Cattle: Challenges and
More informationBASELINE SURVEY: MARKET AGENT SURVEY MANUAL
DEVELOPMENT AND APPLICATION OF DECISION SUPPORT TOOLS TO CONSERVE AND SUSTAINABLY USE GENETIC DIVERSITY IN INDIGENOUS LIVESTOCK & WILD RELATIVES BASELINE SURVEY: MARKET AGENT SURVEY MANUAL Collaborating
More informationCoimisiún na Scrúduithe Stáit State Examinations Commission
2009. M 39 WARNING This Question Paper MUST be returned with your answer book at the end of the Examination: otherwise marks will be lost. Write your Examination Number here Coimisiún na Scrúduithe Stáit
More informationSWEDISH FARMING, BEEF PRODUCTION AND CHAROLAIS. - An overview Sofia Persson and Lennart Nilsson The Swedish Charolais Association
SWEDISH FARMING, BEEF PRODUCTION AND CHAROLAIS - An overview 2018 Sofia Persson and Lennart Nilsson The Association Short about Sweden - 21 counties - 290 municipalities - 2523 parishes - 87 % lives in
More information3.3 Denmark (Mette Vaarst, Anne Braad Kudahl)
3.3 Denmark (Mette Vaarst, Anne Braad Kudahl) The majority of the milk in Denmark is produced in Jutland, the western part of the country. The holdings are basically family farms with one or two employees.
More informationTrends and Developments in Sri Lanka s Livestock Industry
Trends and Developments in Sri Lanka s Livestock Industry Vanitha Prasannath Eastern University, Vantharumoolai, Chenkalady, Sri Lanka vanithap@esn.ac.lk Abstract Agricultural sector contributes to Sri
More informationInternational Journal of Academic Research ISSN: Vol.2, Issue-1(2) (Special), January-March, 2015
2. Beyond Milk : Rural Women Empowerment through Dairying in Rural India Dr. Shashikumar, Asst.Professor & Head, Dept.of Sociology, Govt.1st Grade Collegs for Women, Hassan, Karnataka Introduction Presently,
More information1.1 Present improvement of breeding values for milking speed
Use of data from electronic milk meters and perspectives in use of other objective measures Anders Fogh 1, Uffe Lauritsen 2 and Gert Pedersen Aamand 1 1 Knowledge Center for Agriculture, Agro Food Park
More informationFigure 1. Dry matter intake, milk yield and live weight changes in a cow during her lactation cycle
Welcome to the sixth edition (Sep 2014) of the ADN News. This newsletter discusses the very important topic of persistency of milk production during the cow s lactation cycle and the dramatic adverse impact
More information