Quality of alfalfa cultivated in Mediterranean climates

Transcription

1 Quality of alfalfa cultivated Mediterranean cliates Alibés X., Muñoz F., Akyildiz A.R., Angevian M., Guessous F., Martillotti F., Francia U., Ribeiro J.M.C.R. Tisserand J.-L. (ed.), Alibés X. (ed.). Fourrages et sous-produits éditerranéens Zaragoza : CIHEAM ptions Méditerranéennes : Série A. Séaires Méditerranéens; n pages Article available on le / Article disponible en ligne à l adresse : To cite this article / Pour citer cet article Alibés X., Muñoz F., Akyildiz A.R., Angevian M., Guessous F., Martillotti F., Francia U., Ribeiro J.M.C.R. Quality of alfalfa cultivated Mediterranean cliates. In : Tisserand J.-L. (ed.), Alibés X. (ed.). Fourrages et sous-produits éditerranéens. Zaragoza : CIHEAM, 11. p (ptions Méditerranéennes : Série A. Séaires Méditerranéens; n. 16)

2 CIHEAM - ptions Mediterraneennes Qualityofalfalfacultivated CIHEAM CNTRIBUTRS GRUP: ALIBÉS X. and MUÑZ F., SIA-DGA, ZARAGZA AKYlLDlZ A.R., ZIRAAT FAKÜLTESI. ANKARA ANGEVAIN M., INRA, MNTPELLIER GUESSUS F., HASSAN INSTITUTE,RABAT MARTILLTTI F., and FRANCIA U., INST. EXP. ZT. RMA RIBEIR J. RAMALH, ESTAÇA ZT. NAC FNTEBA with the collaboration of: LLVERAS J. and RMAGSA I., UPC-IRTA, LLEIDA - The sae of of the plant and content of and of - sur la qualité de la luzerne cultivée en cliat éditerranéen. La êe varieté de luzerne (CV. Aragón) a été étudiée siultanéent en et Turquie, avec irrigation et pendant deux années, 186 et 187. Ce rapport décrit l évolution de plusieurs paraètres: (tlha), hauteur et orphologie de la plante et contenu de et ces dernières déterations ont été faites sur les tiges, les feuilles et sur les plantes entières. Des odifications orphologiques et qualitatives ont été détectées en fonction de la rigueur des conditions. apparait une variabilité qualitative très iportante entre les d@érents pays, spécialeent sur les d été. Introduction The quality of Alfalfa Sativa L.) as age with the physiological developent of the plant (Van Soest, 182). also fluence the quality of (Wilson, 182; a of soil huidity iplies a of leaves and, as a a (Vough and 171); an the a the content effects of ify the of the plant of the % of leaves) and, as a the quality of et al., 18). The Leod, 170; 182) essencliatic with tional Value of Study of the we study the qual- itative aspects of the sae cultivated Material and ethods ecotype of Alfalfa 185, an taneous, was established between Spa and Seeds of the of oculated, sown, between 14/3 and 2315 the seven locations, The 1,000 sq.. each with 3 X 3 plots of 8 X g., lat and to out dynaic 187, the second cut, full cut and last cut autun cut. The cut was not cluded the study with the ai of avoidg potential due to - Série - n : 35-42

3 CIHEAM - ptions Mediterraneennes the of weeds. The cuts echanically and two sub-saples the one was iediately weighed and a ventilated oven (65 C) to becoe the so called whole plant saple. The height of the plant was on the second saple and the leaves the of the plant to becoe the sub- saples leaves and stes. All the saples sent to onlyd one which out the analysis. Ash, and and Van Soest, 170) and (Tilley and 163) on whole plants, stes and leaves. The (3) Full bud, (4) bloo, (5) Full bloo, seed pod, (7) Late seed pod, defed as follows: (1)Total absence of buds (2)5-10% of the assessed stes have buds the apex (3)50% of the assessed stes have buds the apex (4)5-10% of the assessed stes have open (5)50% of the assessed stes have open (6)5-10% of the assessed stes have seed pods (7)50% of the assessed stes have seed pods is known that, Alfalfa, the the phenological stage (as defed by 183) and the days of is Wed, analysed based on a analysis (Sas, 185): between and Fick, Y = C + X, with C beg the and X the phenological stage as has been The was all but not the cliatic data available only soe cut was late without phenological changes (vegetative) the plant, this last cut was advanced, showg the phenological stages of a cut. This the hoogeneous of the of this last cut. All these soe unbalances the odel, which was also affected by analytical tions, out only of the saples (especially all the with the advance of the phenological stage, the height of the plant and total of at the sae tie, the of leaves to the total plant attached the bloo stage, the the cut was 3.24 t/ha., while the cut it was 2.48 t/ha., and theautun cut the wasataed at 1.5 t/ha. The evolution of the plant, height, the sae The less typical as well as to T and (less and plants with leaves) the copetition and the (T). The evolution of the content also showed a of (specially the stes) with a shown also the cut the between the the cut. At the stage of full bud the values of the whole plant % the cut and % the cut. the autun cuts, the vegetative stage, the stable at With the advance of the plant phenological stage, the ash content especially the stes, is stable the leaves and as a slightly the whole plant. (S) and cuts, the ash content was to that the of the and have been analysed detail (Tables 1 and 2 and the annex) excludg the data with Results and discussion The odifications. The cultivation of sible due to the cultivation was iplanted with difficulties and the of weeds obliged to abandon the cultivation at the end of 186. (T), soe liitations the was quality of the plants. Fally, Spa(S), (F) had an evolution of the cultivation with the seen 187, only (S) and, (F) out Fally, while soe the autun a) and T) (leaves and stes) the cut, but, while T has of high quality and is and, consequently, ( stes as well as leaves). b) The of the is a of the stes. a way, content stes and, as a the whole plant. speakg, the between the cut. c) A odel volvg the class and the phenological state as

4 CIHEAM - ptions Mediterraneennes ANNEX 1 7 MATTER DRY t/he HEIGHT PLANT MRPHLGY, FLILE % -1 ai 1 -- i l

5 CIHEAM - ptions Mediterraneennes ANNEX 2 WHLE PLANT DM %. FLILES DM STEMS DM CUT SPRING W. W % I i 1 2 5, - L - $1 -i-, rd 0" 7- - '

6 CIHEAM - ptions Mediterraneennes ANNEX WHLE PLANT ASH FLILES ASH STEMS ASH CUT SPRING N.' N CUT SUMMER

7 CIHEAM - ptions Mediterraneennes ANNEX WHLE PLANT CP % FLILES CP % STEMS CP 1-1 W i I 1 z

8 CIHEAM - ptions Mediterraneennes ANNEX 5 WHLE PLANT HDF Yo WHLE PLANT IVDMD Y STEMS IVDMD Yo CUT SPRING o CUT SPRING -L T.., 1 $ -I----, l - CUT SUMMER CUT SUMMER CUT SUMMER I l :

9 CIHEAM - ptions Mediterraneennes Table 1. Covariance analysis df Sig df Sig df Sig df SC Sig df Sig df SC Sig Total (C) NS NS NS ** NS ** Stage (FS) ** ** *j: *? ** ** NS 32.0 C 3 FS NS NS NS NS = 0.64 * = 0.0 *#'* = 0.70 * = 0.84 ** = 0.85 ** = 0.6 *** TabUe 2. correlation analysis. J. the A. Legua, Whole Autu Leaves Stes n C sig * W$ $* *$ S** NS 888 PI* References to cliate. n Sig *8 8SS $$X: dl$ NS 8$8 8$* on was used to assess the of conditions and stage quality nly the which can be easily hoologated (S, F, and (Table 1) allows us to that the phenological stage is always action with the effect and what should be effect is also significant (p<.l) and contents. The effect ' is eangless the qualitative classification, logically the opposite sense. aong conditions could be detected the cut than the cut. This can also be the high (Table 2) between the whole plants, especially sucuts with axiu values the stes. Acknowledgeents G.W., of developof 23: et of by bloostage age of tefeedg of J. of Anial Sci. 54:(4) W.F of J VAN SEST, of The wishes to thanks the of the each fulfillg the tasks of this job. Special thanks the help of E. F. Faci, LL. and.fdly to the who J. 63(1): on soil to anial