The Role of Flexible Packaging in Reducing Food Waste

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1 The Role of Flexible Packaging in Reducing Food Waste A Flexible Packaging Association Study March 6, 2014 Michael Richmond, PhD and Todd Bukowski 2014 Packaging Technology Integrated Solutions, a division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct,

2 Agenda Why focus on food waste? Inside the numbers Potential food waste drivers Top food waste categories Consumer perspective Flexible packaging insights & opportunities to combat food waste Case stories flexible packaging making a difference Conclusions Appendix Global programs and leaders Packaging Technology Integrated Solutions, a division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct,

3 Focus Developed markets - US Flexible packaging Food waste Case stories and opportunities Leading organizations in flexible packaging Implications for flexible packaging FPA Report will include: List of organizations Case stories Implications & insights Packaging Technology Integrated Solutions, a division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct,

4 Global call to action Packaging Technology Integrated Solutions, a division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct,

5 Developed vs. Developing market food waste Source: FoodDrinkEurope Packaging Technology Integrated Solutions, a division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct,

Inside the numbers Wood 8% Textiles, Leather 11% Plastics 19% US Municipal Solid Waste Other 4% Metals 10% Food 22% Paper / paperboard 16% Food makes up the largest portion of the US Municipal Solid

6 Inside the numbers Wood 8% Textiles, Leather 11% Plastics 19% US Municipal Solid Waste Other 4% Metals 10% Food 22% Paper / paperboard 16% Food makes up the largest portion of the US Municipal Solid Waste Stream Gives off methane in landfills Packaging makes up 30% of MSW Flexible packaging is about 3.2% of MSW Source: US EPA Yard waste 10% Packaging Technology Integrated Solutions, a division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct,

20% Residential 44% US households throw about $2200 worth of food annually Equals 240 pounds per person per year At least

7 Where food waste occurs Source: US EPA Grocery stores 11% Quick serve rest. 13% Industrial 2% Institutional 10% Full service rest. 20% Residential 44% US households throw about $2200 worth of food annually Equals 240 pounds per person per year At least 1/3 of food wasted in developed countries 40 million tons disposed annually of food waste in US Divert about 21 million tons, mostly animal feed Packaging Technology Integrated Solutions, a division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct,

Alarming statistics 25% reduction in wasted food in Europe and the USA could cover

more GHG than all countries except US and China With waste at 40%, food waste results

reach stores due to cosmetic issues Average American wastes ten times as much food as

8 Alarming statistics 25% reduction in wasted food in Europe and the USA could cover the nutritional needs of all those who are starving globally Global food waste emits more GHG than all countries except US and China With waste at 40%, food waste results in further waste of approximately 25% of the global water use, 300 million barrels of oil, and 15% of U.S. methane in landfills 20-40% of fruits & vegetables are rejected before they even reach stores due to cosmetic issues Average American wastes ten times as much food as someone in SE Asia & 50% more than an American living in the 1970s Packaging Technology Integrated Solutions, a division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct,

Food waste - potential drivers Social About 1 billion people severely malnourished Economic Wasted food costs each US household about $2200/ household Environment Methane, landfill space, farm space,

9 Food waste - potential drivers Social About 1 billion people severely malnourished Economic Wasted food costs each US household about $2200/ household Environment Methane, landfill space, farm space, resource constraints, resources wasted Legislation Europe, some US states targeting starting to take seriously Future Implications 9B people on planet by 2050, 70% increase in food demand Food Waste packaging implications across all potential drivers Packaging Technology Integrated Solutions, a division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct,

Most have a flexible packaging solution!

10 Top categories for retailer food waste (2012 UK) Fruits make up 40% of retailer food waste, followed by meat & poultry with about 20%. Most have a flexible packaging solution! 10 3/5/2014 HAVI Global Solutions Confidential & Proprietary Indicates flexible packaging solution currently available Data Source: INCPEN Checking Out Food Waste

11 Top categories for household food waste (2012 UK) Produce, bread, meats all big areas of household food waste MANY with flexible packaging solutions 11 3/5/2014 HAVI Global Solutions Confidential & Proprietary Source: WRAP UK

"goes off (spoil)" quicker in its packaging Consumers generate 44% of food waste, but are not engaged in or being educated on the topic in the US!

12 Consumer perspective Food makes up just 7-13% of American s budget Consumer s do not recognize packaging protects at retail & home Do not understand expiration / sell by dates 88% of UK consumers think packaging is a bigger or equal problem to food waste 61% think fruit and vegetables "goes off (spoil)" quicker in its packaging Consumers generate 44% of food waste, but are not engaged in or being educated on the topic in the US! UK has reduced avoidable food waste by 21% between ! Packaging Technology Integrated Solutions, a division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct,

13 Global Food Waste Associations & Organizations Packaging Technology Integrated Solutions, a division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct,

14 Collection of sources FPA commissioned PTIS to develop directory is global food waste programs & leaders. Have developed directory of 51 different food waste organization / sources Information collected includes: Who (group) Current status Future status Estimated timing / next steps Type of Information available Summary Flexible packaging insights, Source link Key elements include summary / conclusions of different reports along with flexible packaging insights and opportunities Packaging Technology Integrated Solutions, a division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct,

15 List of sources reviewed INCPEN Plastics Europe PAC WRAP EUROPEN Save Food Food Waste Reduction Alliance (GMA, FMI) Every Crumb Counts European Commission on Food Waste EU FUSIONS UN FAO UK Food and Drink Federation World Bank USDA FoodDrinkEurope British Retail Consortium Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology RMIT Australian Food & Grocery Council US EPA U of Michigan Center for Sustainable Systems NRDC American Chemistry Council Australia Institute French Food and Drink Association Packaging Technology Integrated Solutions, a division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct,

16 List of sources reviewed Lappeenranta University of Technology Finland Sustainable Packaging Coalition SPC AMERIPEN Foodservice Packaging Institute SusFoFlex Active & Intelligent Packaging Industry Association ForMat 2010 Flexible Packaging Europe Say No to Food Waste Institution of Mechanical Engineers IMECHE European Parliament Global Food Security Programme (GFS) Michigan State University The Packaging Federation Packaging and Films Association PAFA British Plastics Federation BFA ProEurope Organics Recycling Group Biodegradable Plastics Institute BPI US Composting Council Stop Food Waste One Human Family - Food for All The RSIS Centre for Non Traditional Security (NTS) Studies Packaging Technology Integrated Solutions, a division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct,

17 What does this mean for flexible packaging? Packaging Technology Integrated Solutions, a division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct,

Flexible packaging insights The following insights were gathered from reviewing all of the different food waste reports, data, organizations, and insights from each of those sources Insights are

18 Flexible packaging insights The following insights were gathered from reviewing all of the different food waste reports, data, organizations, and insights from each of those sources Insights are developed and presented as flexible packaging benefits for each part of the value chain Source: WRAP Love Food Hate Waste Fresher for Longer Packaging Technology Integrated Solutions, a division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct,

Flexible packaging insights & opportunities Food Packaging Systems System thinking holistic view - flexible packaging integrated with other technology to reduce overall packaging used - flexible

19 Flexible packaging insights & opportunities Food Packaging Systems System thinking holistic view - flexible packaging integrated with other technology to reduce overall packaging used - flexible packaging may be a 'part' of the total solution Life cycle / Carbon impact tools - tools to measure packaging + process + product GHG impact of flexible packaging through value chain - beneficial vs. most other forms of packaging Value protection of product optimal resource level Packaging Technology Integrated Solutions, a division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct,

20 Flexible packaging insights & opportunities Producers / Manufacturers Active / intelligent packaging - absorbers, emitters, etc. MAP - allows for shelf life extension Micro-perforations - breathable film to regulate gases within a package Central processing for produce/ meats Machinery & equipment optimization Material optimization optimum material / toughness. Process technologies - Aseptic / retort technologies Portion control Reclose features High barrier / extended shelf life (oxygen, WVTR) opportunities Packaging Technology Integrated Solutions, a division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct,

21 Flexible packaging insights & opportunities Retailers Intelligent labels vs. best before dates Containment less handling/ loss Retail ready packaging systems less product handling Central processing for produce/ meats Toughness - for irregularly shaped product like meat on bones. Process technologies aseptic, MAP, HPP Portion control Reduce unsaleables meat, produce, damaged goods Packaging Technology Integrated Solutions, a division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct,

Flexible packaging insights & opportunities Food Service Central processing for produce/ meats - leads to flexible packaging to contain, while allowing food waste to be collected at central points

22 Flexible packaging insights & opportunities Food Service Central processing for produce/ meats - leads to flexible packaging to contain, while allowing food waste to be collected at central points Portion control - for prepared foods, easy recipe preparation Food evacuation / waste reduction - ability to get most product out vs. rigid Reclose Packaging Technology Integrated Solutions, a division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct,

23 Flexible packaging insights & opportunities Consumers Freezing food -- great opportunity for flexible packaging to promote. Reclose features - zipper, sliders, labels, tabs Portion control less food waste Education - most of the wasted foods at home like bread, fruits, vegetables can have shelf life extended through flexible pkg Detailed storage information Food evacuation / waste reduction - (in general, 3-10% of food is left in packages when consumers thinks its ready to throw out) Packaging Technology Integrated Solutions, a division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct,

24 Flexible packaging insights & opportunities Developing Markets Equipment / material access - close to harvest Packaging for farmers markets - save food from pests, extends life Avoid waste and food safety is the main issue, packaging has a big role to play Packaging Technology Integrated Solutions, a division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct,

Top opportunities for flexible packaging Extended shelf life technologies Active / Intelligent technology Portion Control Reclose features Central processing Systems thinking Product + process +

25 Top opportunities for flexible packaging Extended shelf life technologies Active / Intelligent technology Portion Control Reclose features Central processing Systems thinking Product + process + packaging Flexible packaging as part of a system (Retail Ready, labels, etc.) Improved bundling /wrapping fresh products Collaboration Education Developing markets Packaging Technology Integrated Solutions, a division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct,

26 Top food waste categories flexible packaging opportunities Category Fruits (apples, bananas, etc.) Vegetables Bread / baked goods Meats / Poultry Flexible Packaging Opportunities Pre-packaged, active / intelligent labels, MAP, controlled atmosphere, storage information, reclose Pre-packaged, active / intelligent labels, MAP, controlled atmosphere, storage information, reclose Better barrier, higher value flexible packaging, reclose systems, portion control Portion control, reclose features, MAP, vacuum, central processing Opportunities on store periphery where short shelf life items are located Packaging Technology Integrated Solutions, a division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct,

27 Packaging Technology Integrated Solutions, a division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct, Case stories

Case stories Variety of case stories Goal was to develop meaningful stories that reflect value of flexible packaging Not many case stories that have data behind them

28 Case stories Variety of case stories Goal was to develop meaningful stories that reflect value of flexible packaging Not many case stories that have data behind them Following case stories built from number of sources and assumptions to capture impact Packaging Technology Integrated Solutions, a division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct,

English Potatoes Oxygen Scavenging film Bread shelf life extension Rice Bananas Grapes Cucumbers Meat

29 Case Stories Considered Grapes - containment Poultry Beef - MAP Bananas ripening control Rice pest control, protection Meat portion control Cheese Reclosable Lettuce bagged Beef Vacuum Cucumber wrapped English Potatoes Oxygen Scavenging film Bread shelf life extension Rice Bananas Grapes Cucumbers Meat (beef) Lettuce Packaging Technology Integrated Solutions, a division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct,

30 Consumers, storage, and packaging UK Wrap using case studies to educate public on food waste We have a lot of work to do! Packaging Technology Integrated Solutions, a division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct,

31 2014 Packaging Technology Integrated Solutions, a division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct, Case story: bananas Background Flexible Pkg Solution Science Delay ripening, shelf life extension

Micro-perforations ensure that the level of oxygen and ethylene around the fruit is kept at an optimal low level, while carbon dioxide levels are kept high.

31 Packaging Technology Integrated Solutions, a division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct, Case story: bananas Background Flexible Pkg Solution Science Delay ripening, shelf life extension Bananas prone to damage & ripening during shipment. Typically ripen within 2-3 days at retailer / home 2 compartment pouch with micro- perforations. Micro-perforations ensure that the level of oxygen and ethylene around the fruit is kept at an optimal low level, while carbon dioxide levels are kept high. Separate pouch allows part of bananas to keep oxygen levels low longer while fruit in opened side of pouch is consumed. Low ethylene levels slows the ripening process for bananas, extending the shelf life. Benefit Extends shelf life an additional 6 days for consumer, reduced retailer in- store wastage by 1/3. 10% banana reduction in household & retail could save over 90 million pounds of edible bananas (not including skin) annually in US

Case story: rice Background Flexible Pkg Solution Science Product protection, shelf life extension, pest control In emerging markets, rice and grains are highly susceptible to deterioration and pests

The bags are made from a tough, transparent multi-layer polyethylene base material which incorporates a gas barrier that restricts oxygen and water vapor Respiration of grain inside the bag reduces

32 Case story: rice Background Flexible Pkg Solution Science Product protection, shelf life extension, pest control In emerging markets, rice and grains are highly susceptible to deterioration and pests due to poor storage & pest control The IRRI Super bag fits as a liner inside existing storage bags (e.g., woven polypropylene or jute bags). The bags are made from a tough, transparent multi-layer polyethylene base material which incorporates a gas barrier that restricts oxygen and water vapor Respiration of grain inside the bag reduces oxygen levels from 21% to 5% to impede mold and insect growth. Prevents rice from taking absorbing water or drying out. Film material toughness prevents pest entering into the rice bags Benefit Germination life of rice seed extended from 6 to 12 months. Reduce pests. Increased head rice recovery by 10% (less dried & broken rice) In China, 45% of rice is lost in harvest to plate process. If Super Bag can reduce rice that waste by 10%, the result is 6.4 million tons saved, at a market value of $2.5 Billion in China alone!

Case story: cucumbers Shelf life extension, product control Background Cucumbers have short shelf life of about 3 days Flexible Pkg Solution Science Shrink film wrap cucumber to prevent

Moisture loss of 1.5% over 14 days vs. 3.5% over 3 days unwrapped.

33 Case story: cucumbers Shelf life extension, product control Background Cucumbers have short shelf life of about 3 days Flexible Pkg Solution Science Shrink film wrap cucumber to prevent moisture loss Shrink wrap reduces moisture loss wrap keeps moisture within cucumber and limits mold growth by limiting oxygen access. Benefit Shelf life extension from 3 days to 14 days. Moisture loss of 1.5% over 14 days vs. 3.5% over 3 days unwrapped. Increased sanitation and reduction in cucumbers disposed as food waste CO 2 from cucumber production is 450x that of plastic wrap while embedded water is 375 liters per cucumber! A 20% reduction through flexible pkg in cucumber waste equals over 80 million pounds saved annually in the US Life cycle source: letstalkplastics.com

fruit pouch retains moisture level and limits mold growth.

34 Case story: Grapes Background Flexible Pkg Solution Science Containment Grapes sold in bulk are prone to store waste as consumers grab grape clusters and search for the perfect cluster Place grapes in a perforated flexible bag to contain the grapes Containment of the fruit pouch retains moisture level and limits mold growth. Benefit By simply containing the grapes, UK retailers noted a 20% reduction for in-store waste. If all US grapes were sold in flexible bag for containment, that would save over 15 million pounds of grapes annual in the US

Case story: Meat Background Flexible Pkg Solution Science Central processing, vacuum pack, shelf life extension Beef packed in backrooms at grocery stores typically have a short shelf life of 1

35 Case story: Meat Background Flexible Pkg Solution Science Central processing, vacuum pack, shelf life extension Beef packed in backrooms at grocery stores typically have a short shelf life of 1 (ground beef) to 4 days. This can result in heavy (15 25%) meat waste & reduced to clear pricing to sell meat before it spoils Active packaging films in a vacuum pack format, which can extend shelf life up to 30 days. In one of many different flexible packaging case ready meat technologies, sodium nitrite is used as a contact layer on the film for vacuum packing. This reacts with the myoglobin in the meat to create permanent red color nitrosomyoglobin, which most consumers prefer. An ethylene vinyl alcohol (EVOH) barrier layer is used as well, which acts an excellent oxygen barrier to keep oxygen out, while allowing consumers to see the meat Benefit Shelf life goes from 4 days to days Less reduced to clear at retailers due to longer shelf life Less food waste at consumers due to longer shelf life Saves meat and all the resources that go into production Moved to central packaging vs. back of store which can have up to 25% waste for meat packaging

Case story: Bagged fresh cut lettuce Background Flexible Pkg Solution Science Central processing, shelf life extension Head lettuce has a high percentage of unavoidable waste from its core and outer

dioxide to exit the bag, while small quantities of oxygen enter the bag, allowing the product to properly respire, and extend the chilled life of the salad and vegetables up to two weeks.

36 Case story: Bagged fresh cut lettuce Background Flexible Pkg Solution Science Central processing, shelf life extension Head lettuce has a high percentage of unavoidable waste from its core and outer leaves while in a format that many consumers do not find convenient Micro-perforated flexible package with modified atmosphere packaging (MAP) Micro-perforations allow excess respiratory carbon dioxide to exit the bag, while small quantities of oxygen enter the bag, allowing the product to properly respire, and extend the chilled life of the salad and vegetables up to two weeks. The modified atmosphere in the bag is about 2-5% oxygen, 2-5% carbon dioxide, with nitrogen making up the rest of the atmosphere. The moisture barrier film helps limit water loss Benefit Central processing captures lettuce cores and outer leaves which are thrown out at home. About 15-20% by weight reduced through central processing as waste is captured for feed Shelf life of MAP packed bag salads is up to two weeks vs. 2-4 days for loose heads 36 3/5/2014 HAVI Global Solutions Confidential & Proprietary

37 Packaging Technology Integrated Solutions, a division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct, Conclusions / Summary

Shelf Life Technology Containment (less handling) Cost effective pkg option Ability to freeze Reclose features Pest

38 The many ways flexible packaging contributes to food waste reduction Portion Control Toughness (irregular shapes) MAP Controlled Atmosphere High Barrier Consumer education & communication Active & Intelligent Central Processing Extended Shelf Life Technology Containment (less handling) Cost effective pkg option Ability to freeze Reclose features Pest protection Food evacuation Low carbon impact Packaging Technology Integrated Solutions, a division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct,

39 Conclusions Prevention is biggest food waste opportunity flexible packaging is an answer..and a great answer Many roles for flexible packaging but need to educate consumers & retailers Opportunities for both high value added features (micro-perforations, active / intelligent) as well as more basic flexible packaging benefits (containment, toughness) Need to embrace technologies look to frame benefits through food waste reduction become technology integrators Numerous associations working on Food Waste but very few focusing on flexible packaging Systems thinking that looks at product + process + packaging will really help others understand the value of packaging Packaging Technology Integrated Solutions, a division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct,

40 Packaging Technology Integrated Solutions, a division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct, Questions

41 For Questions Contact: Packaging & Technology Integrated Solutions A division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct, LLC 3500 Lacey Road, Suite 600 Downers Grove, IL Phone: Fax: Web Site: havigs.com PTIS is the full service packaging solution center for all your technical and management packaging challenges. We know consumer, channel and technology trends and marketplace insights. We can help you make the right decisions because we have the right information and knowledge and the best resources available across the packaging value chain. 41

42 Appendix Packaging Technology Integrated Solutions, a division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct,

43 Additional Resources The resources on the right were used to identify food waste programs, issues, insights, opportunities, and case study opportunities Mike Richmond PTIS Todd Bukowski - PTIS Jocelyn Ehret PTIS Europe Juanita Day PTIS APMEA Jennifer McCracken - PTIS Bruce Harte Michigan State Rafael Auras Michigan State Paul Schmidt Michigan State Jay Singh Cal Poly Phil Straniero Western Michigan University Aaron Brody PTIS Packaging Technology Integrated Solutions, a division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct,

44 Top reports to set your food waste foundation Group Title Information INCPEN WRAP (UK) WRAP (UK) Food Waste Reduction Alliance UN FAO Checking Out Food Waste & Packaging Courtaulds Commitment Consumer Attitudes to Food Waste and Food Packaging Analysis of US Food Waste Among Food Manufacturers, Retailers, and Wholesalers Global Food Losses & Food Waste Packaging Technology Integrated Solutions, a division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct, European Retailer data on type of food waste, Top 20 items of waste 3 phase program between retailers & brand owners to reduce food & packaging waste UK consumer study on packaging & food waste perceptions and attitudes US data on food waste at retailer, manufacturer and wholesaler level. Widely cited report that looks at global food waste impact with comparison of developed & developing countries

45 Top reports to set your food waste foundation (cont.) Group Title Information World Bank What a Waste Global data on food waste Royal Melbourne Institute of Technology (RMIT) Natural Resource Defense Council (NRDC) Lappeenranta University of Technology - Finland The role of packaging in minimizing food waste in the supply chain of the future Wasted: How America is Losing Up to 40 Percent of Its Food From Farm to Fork to Landfill Importance of Considering Food Waste in the Development of Sustainable Food Packaging Systems Detailed report with packaging opportunities to reduce food waste. Wide range of data throughout value chain and packaging implications. Extensive data on food losses through the US supply chain. Graphs for quick understanding on key topics Detailed Dec 2013 thesis that looks a lifecycle assessment on packaging and impact on food waste, usually 1-12% of the finished product Packaging Technology Integrated Solutions, a division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct,

46 Top reports to set your food waste foundation (cont.) Group Title Information Institution of Mechanical Engineers - IMECHE The RSIS Centre for Non Traditional Security (NTS) Studies European Parliament Global Food Waste Not, Want Not Expert Working Group Meeting on Food Wastage in SE Asia Technology Options for Feeding 10 billion people Report with data on food waste throughout the value chain. Looks at energy, land, water impacts as well Reports on security for SE Asia, in particular Singapore. Report itself has a lot of key information on food waste statistics in SE Asia. Focuses on processing technology, but also cites packaging technologies to reduce food waste Packaging Technology Integrated Solutions, a division of HAVI Global Solutions Direct,

The Role of Packaging in Reducing Waste. Jim Mize Vice President, Global New Business

The Role of Packaging in Reducing Waste Jim Mize Vice President, Global New Business A leading global innovator & manufacturer of specialty packaging and performance-based materials & equipment systems