OILSEED RAPE AND TURNIP RAPE / CONTROL OF SCLEROTINIA STEM ROT EVALUATION OF FUNGICIDE TREATMENTS WITH AMISTAR

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1 2009 Fungicides and Insecticides OILSEED RAPE AND TURNIP RAPE / CONTROL OF SCLEROTINIA STEM ROT EVALUATION OF FUNGICIDE TREATMENTS WITH AMISTAR Study director: Ulla Heinonen Trial ID Variety Location Experimental starting and completion F Apollo Jokioinen May 19 th and November 16 th 2009 Purpose of trials: Evaluate the biological efficacy of the fungicide Amistar against Sclerotinia stem rot in turnip rape SUMMARY The efficacy of the fungicide Amistar (azocystrobin 250 g/l) against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum stem rot in turnip rape was evaluated in one trial located in Jokioinen. Two dosages of Amistar, 0.8 l/ha and 0.6 l/ha, applied at the beginning of flowering (BBCH 61) and at the full flowering (BBCH 65) of turnip rape were compared to the untreated control. The beginning of the summer 2009 was rather dry. Dry weather in the end of June and in July before and during the flowering was unfavourable for stem rot development. Because of dry weather the trial was irrigated twice in the beginning of July. The disease incidence and severity was low in the trial in spite of irrigation and artificial inoculation by mixing sclerotia into soil at sowing. In the trial 82% of the plants in the untreated plots were healthy and 8% of the plants had severe attack. The proportion of severely attacked plants was lowest in treatments with Amistar at full flowering but the differences between the treatments or untreated control were not statistically significant. The fungicide treatments did not reduce the total number of diseased plants or the number of sclerotinia in the turnip rape yield compared to the untreated plots. Also the occurrence of downy mildew and black spot was rated in the trial. Due to low disease incidence no statistically significant differences in the occurrence of downy mildew and black spot between any treatments could be detected. Fungicide treatments did not increase turnip rape yield or 1000 seed weight in comparison to untreated control. Untreated Amistar 0.8 l/ha, BBCH 61 Amistar 0.8 l/ha, BBCH 65 Amistar 0.6 l/ha, BBCH 61 Amistar 0.6 l/ha, BBCH Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, percent of diseased plants Healthy <25% of plant attacked 25-50% of plant attacked >50% of plant attacked Figure 1. In the turnip rape trial in Jokioinen the incidence of Sclerotinia stem rot was low and there were no significant differences between the treatments in the amounts of healthy or diseased turnip rape plants.

2 16/11/09 (F ) Confidential Trial Treatments Page 1 of 1 Trt Treatment Form Form Lot Rate Growth Appl No. Name Conc Type Code Rate Unit Stage Code 1 Untreated 2 Amistar 250 SC GRA9B242B 0.8 L/HA 61 A -azoxystrobin g AI 3 Amistar 250 SC GRA9B242B 0.8 L/HA 65 B -azoxystrobin g AI 4 Amistar 250 SC GRA9B242B 0.6 L/HA 61 A -azoxystrobin g AI 5 Amistar 250 SC GRA9B242B 0.6 L/HA 65 B -azoxystrobin g AI Replications: 4, Untreated treatments: 1, Conduct under GLP/GEP: Yes (GEP with audit trail), Design: Randomised Complete Block, Treatment units: Treated plot size, Dry Form. Unit: g/kg, Treated plot size Width: 2.5 meters, Treated plot size Length: 8 meters, Application volume: 300 l/ha, Mix size: 3.5 litres, Format definitions: G-All7.DEF, G-All7.FRM

3 14/12/09 (F ) Confidential Site Description Page 1 of 3 General Trial Information Title: Research Scientist Affiliation: Postal Code: FI ulla.heinonen@mtt.fi Trial Location City: Jokioinen Postal Code: FI Country: FIN Planned Completion Date: 15/12/09 N -Latitude of LL Corner : E -Longitude of LL Corner : Map Reference: WGS 84 Conducted Under GEP: X Guideline Description 1. PP 1/80(2) Sclerotinia sclerotiorum on rape 2. PP 1/152(2) Design and analysis of efficacy evaluation trials 3. PP 1/181(3) Conduct and reporting of efficacy evaluation trials including GEP Objectives: Studying the biological efficacy of fungiside against Sclerotinia sclerotiorum in turnip rape. Conclusions: In the trial F in Jokioinen 82% of the plants in the untreated plots were healthy and 8% of the plants had severe attack. The proportion of severely attacked plants was lowest in treatments with Amistar at full flowering but differences between the treatments or untreated control were not statistically significant. The fungicide treatments did not reduce the total number of diseased plants or the number of sclerotinia in the turnip rape yield compared to the untreated plots. Also the occurrence of downy mildew and black spot was rated in the trial. Due to low disease incidence no statistically significant differences in the occurrence of downy mildew and black spot between any treatments could be detected. Fungicide treatments did not increase turnip rape yield or 1000 seed weight in comparison to untreated control. Cooperator/Landowner Cooperator: MTT Address 1: Jokioinen Crop Description Crop 1: BRSRO Brassica rapa oleifera Turnip rape Variety: Apollo Description: seed treated with insecticide BBCH Scale: BRAP Planting Date: 19/05/09 Planting Method: drilled Rate, Unit: 350 seed/m2 Depth, Unit: 2 CM Row Spacing, Unit: 12.5 CM Seed Bed: fine Soil Moisture: dry Harvest Date: 10/09/09 Harvest Equipment: Sampo SR 2010 Harvested Width, Unit: M Harvested Length, Unit: 8 M % Standard Moisture: 10.0

4 14/12/09 (F ) Confidential Site Description Page 2 of 3 Pest Description Pest 1 Type: D Code: SCLESC Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Common Name: Cottony rot Description: 20 sclerotias / plot into soil at sowing Site and Design Plot Width, Unit: 2.5 M Site Type: field Plot Length, Unit: 8 M Tillage Type: conventional tillage Replications: 4 Study Design: Randomized Complete Block Previous Crops Previous Pesticides Year 1. Barley Glyphosate 2008 Maintenance Maintenance Rate No. Date Treatment Name Rate Unit 1. 18/05/09 Pellon Y3 (N:21 P:3 K:9) 475 kg/ha 2. 18/05/09 Super Treflan 2.5 l/ha 3. 18/06/09 Karate 0.3 kg/ha Fusilade 3.0 l/ha 5. 23/06/09 Karate 0.3 kg/ha 6. 25/06/09 Karate 0.3 kg/ha Soil Description Texture: Heavy clay ph: 5.9 Moisture and Weather Conditions Closest Weather Station: Jokioinen Distance: 190 Unit: m Date Time Amount Unit Type 1. 29/05/09 22:00 7 mm Rainmaster 2. 30/06/09 22:00 10 mm Rainmaster 3. 03/07/09 20:30 15 mm Rainmaster Application Description A B Application Date: 30/06/09 06/07/09 Time of Day: 11:15 9:00 Application Method: spray spray Application Placement: foliar foliar Applied By: TV, KS TV,KS,RR,UH Air Temperature, Unit: 21.3 C 13.0 C % Relative Humidity: Wind Velocity, Unit: 1.3 m/s 0 m/s Dew Presence (Y/N): N Y Soil Moisture: dry moist % Cloud Cover: 10 0

5 14/12/09 (F ) Confidential Site Description Page 3 of 3 Crop Stage At Each Application A B Crop 1 Code, BBCH Scale: BRSRO BRAP BRSRO BRAP Stage Scale Used: BBCH BBCH Stage Majority, Percent: Height, Unit: 50 cm Pest Stage At Each Application A B Pest 1 Code, Disc., Scale: SCLESC D SCLESC D Application Equipment A B Appl. Equipment: plot sprayer plot sprayer Operating Pressure, Unit: 2.2 bar 2.2 bar Nozzle Type: Hardi4110 Hardi4110 Nozzle Size: Nozzle Spacing, Unit: 50 cm 50 cm Nozzles/Row: 5 5 Boom ID: KSU7 KSU7 Boom Length, Unit: 2.5 m 2.5 m Boom Height, Unit: 50 cm 50 cm Ground Speed, Unit: 1 m/s 1 m/s Spray Volume, Unit: 300 l/ha 300 l/ha Propellant: air air

6 11/12/09 (F ) Confidential AOV Means Table Page 1 of 2 Pest Code PEROPA ALTEBA SCLESC SCLESC SCLESC SCLESC SCLESC Crop Code BRSSP BRSSP BRSSP BRSSP BRSSP BRSSP BRSSP BRSSP Crop Variety Apollo Apollo Part Rated POD POD PLALIV PLALIV PLALIV PLALIV SEED SEED Rating Date 10/08/09 10/08/09 20/08/09 20/08/09 20/08/09 20/08/09 Rating Data Type DAMPES DAMPES HEALTHY < 25 % % > 50 % SCLEROTIA YIELD Rating Unit 0-3 percent percent percent percent percent number kg Sample Size Sample Size Unit g ha ARM Action Codes T1 APOC T2 T3 T4 T5 T7 Trt Treatment Rate Appl No. Name Rate Unit Code Untreated 1.00 a a 82.0 a 4.0 a 6.0 a 8.0 a 19.6 a 1916 a 2 Amistar 0.8 L/HA A 1.13 a a 74.5 a 8.5 a 8.0 a 9.0 a 21.4 a 2046 a (91%) 3 Amistar 0.8 L/HA B 0.75 a a 81.5 a 8.0 a 9.5 a 1.0 a 21.4 a 1873 a (99%) 4 Amistar 0.6 L/HA A 1.00 a a 79.0 a 4.5 a 7.5 a 9.0 a 22.3 a 2109 a (96%) 5 Amistar 0.6 L/HA B 1.00 a a 85.0 a 4.0 a 8.0 a 3.0 a 17.9 a 1930 a (104%) LSD (P=.05) Standard Deviation CV Bartlett's X P(Bartlett's X2) Replicate F Replicate Prob(F) Treatment F Treatment Prob(F) Means followed by same letter do not significantly differ (P=.05, Student-Newman-Keuls) Mean comparisons performed only when AOV Treatment P(F) is significant at mean comparison OSL. Column 3: T1 = [C3]/@SUM([C3].[C6])*100 Column 4: T2 = [C4]/@SUM([C3].[C6])*100 Column 5: T3 = [C5]/@SUM([C3].[C6])*100 Column 6: T4 = [C6]/@SUM([C3].[C6])*100 Column 7: T5 Column 8: T7 = *[13]*(100-[18])/91

7 11/12/09 (F ) Confidential AOV Means Table Page 2 of 2 Pest Code Crop Code BRSSP Crop Variety Apollo Part Rated SEED Rating Date Rating Data Type WEIGHT Rating Unit g Sample Size 1000 Sample Size Unit seed ARM Action Codes T6 APOC Trt Treatment Rate Appl No. Name Rate Unit Code 16 1 Untreated a 2 Amistar 0.8 L/HA A a 3 Amistar 0.8 L/HA B a 4 Amistar 0.6 L/HA A a 5 Amistar 0.6 L/HA B a (99%) LSD (P=.05) Standard Deviation CV 1.57 Bartlett's X P(Bartlett's X2) Replicate F Replicate Prob(F) Treatment F Treatment Prob(F) Means followed by same letter do not significantly differ (P=.05, Student-Newman-Keuls) Mean comparisons performed only when AOV Treatment P(F) is significant at mean comparison OSL. Column 9: T6 = ((100-[18])*@AVGSUB([15]))/91