EVALUATION OF HERBICIDES IN CARAWAY IN HARVEST YEAR, Loimaa

Transcription

1 Trial Report 2007 Herbicides Study Director: Trial ID and location: Pentti Ruuttunen H , Loimaa Experimental starting: April 27 th 2006 Experimental completion: May 21 st 2007 Purpose of trial: Evaluation of biological efficacy and selectivity of herbicides in caraway in harvest year. SUMMARY This trial in caraway was established in 2006 in order to find solutions to control false chamomille, Tripeurospermum inodorum (MATIN), which is probably the most problematic weed in caraway fields in Finland. This field trial was established in a caraway stand, which was established in 2003 and which was badly infested by MATIN. Afalon-neste, Senkor and Boxer were tested either alone or in combinations. The results on the selectivity and the efficacy of the treatments in 2006 were reported in the MTT Trial Report Herbicides 2006 (pages ). The trial was continued until 2007 in order to see especially the efficacies of the three last treatments, where the application B was made on September 13 th 2006 after the caraway harvest (on August 4 th 2006), when new seedling of MATIN had emerged (BBCH 10-14). The number and dry weight of MATIN was assessed in May Actually the samples of all weeds were taken, but besides MATIN there were less than one plant of TAROF, VIOAR and CIRAR per square metre, so they can be ignored. There were 43 MATIN plants per square metre in the untreated treatment, and their dry weight was 14 grams. Because of a wide variation in the data, only few statistically significant efficacy differences were seen. However, it seems clear that the treatment 8 with Afalon-neste and Boxer in a tank mix in September 2006 controlled MATIN most effectively. It reduced the number of MATIN 99 % and the dry weight of it 97 %. The efficacies of the other treatments were not even near to that. Also the other treatment with Boxer in September 2006 seemed to reduce slightly the biomass of MATIN (37 %). A bit surprisingly the application of Senkor at 0.1 kg/ha in September 2006 did not reduce the number or biomass of MATIN at all. Although the treatments with spring applications only were not effective on MATIN, it is interesting that the number of MATIN was reduced only in the treatments with Boxer. The yield of caraway was not harvested because most plots produced no yield due to the high weed pressure. It looks possible to control MATIN in effectively after the harvest of caraway with a tank mixture of Afalon-neste and Boxer. However, more trials in caraway with these and other herbicides especially in autumn applications should still be carried out.

2 Trial Report 2007 Herbicides TRIAL H Afalon-neste 1.0 AB;Boxer 2.0 AB Afalon-neste 2.0 A Senkor 0.15 A Boxer 2.0 A Boxer 4.0 A Afalon-neste 1.0 A;Boxer 2.0 A Afalon-neste 1.0 A;Boxer 3.0 A Afalon-neste 1.0 AB;Boxer 2.0 AB Afalon-neste 2.0 A;Senkor 0.1 B Afalon-neste 2.0 A;Senkor B;Boxer 2.0 B MATIN no/sqm MATIN g/sqm Weed samples taken on May 21 st 2007 Herbicide applications: A = May 4 th 2006 B = September 13 th 2006

3 11/01/08 (H ) Confidential Trial Treatments Page 1 of 1 Trial ID: H Location: Loimaa Trt Treatment Form Form Lot Rate Appl No. Name Conc Type Code Rate Unit Code 1 Untreated -Not treated check 2 Afalon-neste 450 SC L/HA A -linuron g AI 3 Senkor 700 WG EMHB KG/HA A -metribuzin g AI 4 Boxer 800 EC L/HA A 5 Boxer 800 EC L/HA A -prosulfocarb g AI 6 Afalon-neste 450 SC L/HA A Boxer 800 EC L/HA A 7 Afalon-neste 450 SC L/HA A Boxer 800 EC L/HA A -prosulfocarb g AI 8 Afalon-neste 450 SC L/HA A Boxer 800 EC L/HA A Afalon-neste 450 SC L/HA B Boxer 800 EC L/HA B 9 Afalon-neste 450 SC L/HA A -linuron g AI Senkor 700 WG EMHB KG/HA B -metribuzin g AI 10 Afalon-neste 450 SC L/HA A -linuron g AI Senkor 700 WG EMHB KG/HA B -metribuzin g AI Boxer 800 EC L/HA B Replications: 4, Untreated treatments: 1, Conduct under GLP/GEP: Yes (GEP with audit trail), Design: Randomised Complete Block, Treatment units: Treated plot size, Dry Form. Unit: g/kg, Treated plot size Width: 3 meters, Treated plot size Length: 8 meters, Application volume: 200 l/ha, Mix size: 3 litres, Format definitions: G-All7.DEF, G-All7.FRM

4 11/01/08 (H ) Confidential Site Description Trial ID: H Location: Loimaa General Trial Information Title: Research Scientist Affiliation: Postal Code: FI Trial Location City: Loimaa Trial Status: MULTI-YEAR/FINAL Postal Code: FI Initiation Date: 02/05/06 Country: FIN Planned Completion Date: 15/02/08 E-Longitude of LL Corner : N-Latitude of LL Corner : Altitude of LL Corner: Unit: m Directions: Map Datum: WGS 84 Conducted Under GEP: X Guideline Description 1. PP 1/152(2) Design and analysis of efficacy evaluation trials 2. PP 1/181(2) Conduct and reporting of efficacy evaluation trials Objectives: Evaluation of biological efficacy and selectivity of the herbicides Boxer and Senkor in caraway in a harvest year. Conclusions: Cooperator/Landowner Cooperator: Tuomas Levomäki Country: FIN Phone No: Address 1: Petäjoentie 54 City: Loimaa Postal Code: FI tuomas.levomaki@pp.inet.fi Crop Description Crop 1: CRYCA Carum carvi Caraway, common BBCH Scale: BDIC Planting Date: 20/05/03 Planting Method: SEEDED Rate, Unit: 18 KG/HA Perennial Age, Unit: 5 YEAR Row Spacing, Unit: 12.5 CM Pest Description Pest 1 Type: W Code: VIOAR Viola arvensis Common Name: Field violet Pest 2 Type: W Code: MATIN Tripleurospermum inodorum Common Name: Chamomille, false Site and Design Plot Width, Unit: 3 M Site Type: FIELD Plot Length, Unit: 8 M Replications: 4 Study Design: Randomized Complete Block Trial Initiation Comments:

5 11/01/08 (H ) Confidential Site Description Previous Crops Previous Pesticides Year 1. Caraway Afalon-neste 1.0 l/ha Caraway Afalon-neste 1.0 l/ha Caraway Afalon-neste l/ha Barley Express 15 g/ha 2002 Maintenance Maintenance Form Form Form Rate No. Date Treatment Name Conc Unit Type Rate Unit 1. 27/04/06 Suomensalpietari (N:26 P:0 K:1) 300 KG/HA 2. 05/06/06 Karate 0.25 KG/HA 3. 05/06/06 Fusilade Max 0.5 KG/HA 4. 28/04/07 Suomensalpietari (N:26 P:0 K:1) 350 KG/HA 5. 25/05/07 Karate 2.5 WG 0.3 KG/HA 6. 25/05/07 Fusilade Max 1.0 L/HA Field Prep./Maintenance: Soil Description Texture: MOULDY SANDY CLAY ph: 6.4 Additional Measured Elements Element Quantity Unit Ca MG/L P MG/L K MG/L Mg MG/L Moisture Conditions Overall Moisture Conditions: See the appendix of weather data Closest Weather Station: Jokioinen Distance: 20.5 Unit: KM Application Description A B Application Date: 04/05/06 13/09/06 Time of Day: 9:10 10:10 Application Method: SPRAY SPRAY Application Placement: BROFOL BROFOL Applied By: ME,TV,LR ME,PR,LR Air Temperature, Unit: 12.8 C 16.1 C % Relative Humidity: Wind Velocity, Unit: 0.5 M/S 2.5 M/S Dew Presence (Y/N): Y Y Soil Moisture: DAMP DAMP % Cloud Cover: 0 5

6 11/01/08 (H ) Confidential Site Description Crop Stage At Each Application A B Crop 1 Code, BBCH Scale: CRYCA BDIC CRYCA BDIC Stage Scale Used: BBCH BBCH Stage Majority, Percent: Height, Unit: 3.5 CM 8 CM Height Minimum, Maximum: Pest Stage At Each Application A B Pest 1 Code, Disc., Scale: VIOAR W BBCH VIOAR W Stage Majority, Percent: Height, Unit: 4 CM Height Minimum, Maximum: 3 5 Pest 2 Code, Disc., Scale: MATIN W BBCH MATIN W BBCH Stage Majority, Percent: Height, Unit: 3.5 CM 1 CM Height Minimum, Maximum: Application Equipment A B Appl. Equipment: KSU9 KSU4 Operating Pressure: Pressure Unit: BAR BAR Nozzle Type: Hardi4110 HARDI4110 Nozzle Size: Nozzle Spacing, Unit: 50 CM 50 CM Boom Length, Unit: 3 M 3 M Boom Height, Unit: 50 CM 50 CM Ground Speed, Unit: 1.0 M/S 1.0 M/S Spray Volume: Volume Unit: L/HA L/HA Propellant: AIR AIR

7 11/01/08 (H ) Confidential AOV Means Table Page 1 of 1 Trial ID: H Location: Loimaa Pest Code MATIN MATIN MATIN MATIN Part Rated PLACUT PLACUT PLACUT PLACUT Rating Date 21/05/07 21/05/07 21/05/07 21/05/07 Rating Data Type COUPLA COUPLA WEIDRY WEIDRY Rating Unit no/sqm no/sqm g/sqm g/sqm Assessed By AM AM MR MR Trt-Eval Interval 250 DA-B 250 DA-B 250 DA-B 250 DA-B ARM Action Codes APOC TL[38] APOC TL[45] Trt Treatment Rate Appl No. Name Rate Unit Code Untreated 43 a 1.03 ab 14.0 a 0.72 a (100%) (100%) 2 Afalon-neste 2.0 L/HA A 49 a 1.49 a 15.5 a 1.06 a (115%) (111%) 3 Senkor 0.15 KG/HA A 59 a 1.46 a 17.6 a 1.12 a (137%) (126%) 4 Boxer 2.0 L/HA A 26 a 0.88 ab 12.0 a 0.67 a (61%) (86%) 5 Boxer 4.0 L/HA A 26 a 1.11 ab 10.1 a 0.76 a (60%) (73%) 6 Afalon-neste 1.0 L/HA A 16 a 0.88 ab 12.0 a 0.87 a Boxer 2.0 L/HA A (37%) (86%) 7 Afalon-neste 1.0 L/HA A 24 a 1.25 a 16.8 a 1.02 a Boxer 3.0 L/HA A (56%) (120%) 8 Afalon-neste 1.0 L/HA A 1 a 0.12 b 0.4 a 0.10 a Boxer 2.0 L/HA A (1%) (3%) Afalon-neste 1.0 L/HA B Boxer 2.0 L/HA B 9 Afalon-neste 2.0 L/HA A 54 a 1.46 a 18.2 a 1.15 a Senkor 0.1 KG/HA B (127%) (131%) 10 Afalon-neste 2.0 L/HA A 22 a 1.25 a 8.8 a 0.91 a Senkor KG/HA B (51%) (63%) Boxer 2.0 L/HA B LSD (P=.05) Standard Deviation CV Bartlett's X P(Bartlett's X2) 0.001* * Replicate F Replicate Prob(F) Treatment F Treatment Prob(F) Means followed by same letter do not significantly differ (P=.05, Student-Newman-Keuls) Mean comparisons performed only when AOV Treatment P(F) is significant at mean comparison OSL. Column 2: TL[38] = LOG([38]+ 1) Column 4: TL[45] = LOG([45]+ 1)