WATER, SANITATION, AND HYGIENE IN KENYA Including an Update on Katito Area Development Program. October 2013 September 2014 Report

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1 WATER, SANITATION, AND HYGIENE IN KENYA Including an Update on Katito Area Development Program October 2013 September 2014 Report Prepared March 2015

2 WATER, SANITATION, AND HYGIENE KENYA Program Update Fiscal Year 2014 Progress % Exceeded Target 293 new and rehabilitated wells and water points 116% 750,327 people provided with access to clean drinking water since October 2010, including 205,800 during fi scal year FY14 Target: 253 3,660 sanitation facilities built FY14 Target: 6, hand-washing facilities built FY14 Target: 3,600 Program Summary Thank you for your amazing support and prayers as we brought clean water, hygiene, and sanitation (WASH) to hundreds of thousands in Kenya. The Lord accomplished many great works through the Kenya WASH team in fi scal year 2014, as it worked tirelessly to improve the lives of children and their families by meeting their basic needs for clean drinking water, increasing access to sanitation facilities, and educating communities on proper hygiene behavior. The Kenya WASH team rallied in the second-half of FY14 to meet the majority of its key targets, and successfully provided 254,896 people with sanitation education and 341,704 people with hygiene programming. Working with individual communities and local governments was key to ensuring long-term change in healthy behavior, and a desire to maintain the completed water points. We look forward to sharing what this program will continue to accomplish in the upcoming years. 1

3 Goal and Outcomes SIX-YEAR PROGRAM GOAL THROUGH FISCAL YEAR 2016 Provide access to clean drinking water for 1.3 MILLION PEOPLE EXPECTED OUTCOMES Increased access to sustainable and SAFE WATER supply Increased access to improved SANITATION facilities Improved HYGIENE knowledge and practices Community empowerment to facilitate SUSTAINABLE WASH interventions Kenya 2014 World Vision OUR STRATEGY Motivated by God s love for all, World Vision believes every child deserves clean water. That s why we re committed to doing everything possible to help solve the global water crisis within our lifetimes. Every day, nearly 1,600 children die from diarrhea caused by contaminated water, poor sanitation, and improper hygiene more than from AIDS and malaria combined. With the recent acceleration of our WASH program delivery, World Vision now reaches more than 1 million people with clean water every year that s one new person every 30 seconds. As part of our full solution to poverty and injustice, we partner with communities to deliver lasting water, sanitation, and hygiene solutions that provide fullness of life for children today and into the future. This map shows World Vision WASH program areas in Kenya. LEGEND WASH ADPs CAPITAL CITY MAJOR CITY PROVINCE OR DISTRICT BOUNDARY Nakuru Nairobi Mombasa AREA DEVELOPMENT PROGRAMS 1 ANGUIRA 2 BAMBA 3 BANDAPTAI 4 BARTABWA 5 KAINUK 6 KAREMO 7 KATITO 8 KIAMBOGOKO 9 KIRINDON 10 KOLOWA 11 LORROKI 12 LOWER YATTA 13 MAGUNGA 14 MARAFA 15 MARIGAT 16 MATETE 17 MOGOTIO 18 MTITO ANDEI 19 MUTOMO 20 MWALA 21 MWATATE 22 MWEIGA 23 NYAMUSI 24 ORWA 25 OSILIGI 26 SANGAILU 27 SOIN 28 TINDERET 29 TSEIKURU 30 2 WAJIR SOUTH 31 2 WEMA 32 YATTA 2

4 The Wema ADP partnered with the economic development team to promote milk production for local farmers. With access to clean water, these farmers raised healthier cows and increased milk production from 1,000 liters to 3,000 liters. After water points were completed, community members, particularly farmers, were trained on water conservation practices and the need to diversify into small-scale irrigation. The goal is to increase crop yields to improve family nutrition and earn additional revenue. Communities planted fruit trees by their new water points for environmental conservation, providing shade, and additional sources for food. This was managed directly by the WASH committees to increase community ownership. Annual Highlights WASH committees were encouraged to place women in key decision-making positions and increase the number of female leaders. Women s voices are key as they bear the responsibility of collecting water, and managing household sanitation and hygiene behavior. The Kenya Water, Sanitation, and Hygiene Program had an exceptional year and focused on investing in the long-term impact of WASH for each targeted Area Development Program (ADP). The following section highlights further accomplishments in FY14: A few areas faced tribal fighting, and the community strategy of Nyumba Kumi was implemented to support conflict resolution and full community participation. This local government initiative requires 10 adjacent households to know each other well and construct latrines together. World Vision trained local artisans to construct ventilated improved pit latrines in schools. The benefit of utilizing these artisans was twofold: they helped lower construction costs by almost half and they learned the skills and knowledge to start their own small-scale business. LEARNING CENTER ACCOMPLISHMENTS The East Africa Learning Center strengthened its trainings and learnings throughout FY14. One key accomplishment was the focus on expanding holistic WASH programs. In partnership with Messiah College, the center provided training on how to ensure inclusiveness in WASH services. Representatives from seven countries attended the three-day training, met individuals with disabilities, and learned about new inclusive technologies. To expand upon the rural-based provision of water, the center built the capacity of the Ethiopia WASH team to design an urban WASH program. The team secured funding from UNICEF to work on urban WASH across eight towns, and the experience gained will be shared across the regional countries. 3

5 Intervention FY14 Annual Achieved FY14 Annual Target Programto-Date Achieved Life-of- Program Target OUTCOME 1: Access to safe water 1 Successful boreholes or shallow wells Successful water points from mechanized wells, springs, rainwater harvesting, and other systems ,441 3 Nonfunctioning water points rehabilitated Schools mobilized for water-related activities ,379 5 Families empowered to treat water at the household level 9,795 3,000 18,523 19,228 OUTCOME 2: Access to improved sanitation 1 Communities trained in safe sanitation practices 1, ,584 2,432 2 Improved sanitation facilities constructed by community members 3,147 6,000 11,954 31,307 3 Improved household or public sanitation facilities built or subsidized by World Vision ,025 4 Improved sanitation facilities in schools and health clinics built or subsidized by World Vision ,472 2,737 5 Communities certified as free from open defecation ,338 OUTCOME 3: Improved hygiene practices 1 Communities trained in safe hygiene practices 1, ,370 2,842 2 Schools trained in safe hygiene practices ,649 2,363 3 Hand-washing facilities built by World Vision or community members 833 3,600 6,572 17,139 OUTCOME 4: Community capacity building to sustain WASH interventions 1 Water committees formed or reactivated with a fee-collection system Capacity-building efforts to ensure WASH access for the most-vulnerable community members Communities trained in pump maintenance and repair Community members excavate a pipeline trench as part of their contribution to the Mwiteithia water project in Wema ADP, Kenya World Vision A HELPING HAND Providing access to hard-to-reach communities and across long distances requires a coordinated commitment by World Vision, the local county government, and the benefitting communities. In Kenya, large-scale piped systems can provide clean water to more than 1,000 people through multiple distribution points across communities. These projects require miles of pipelines dug through sometimes difficult terrain. In partnership with the Kilifi County government, the Kenya team successfully extended 6.2 miles of the Kundeni pipeline. To instill ownership and to encourage contribution, community members dug trenches for the laying of these pipes, offering their time and talents to ensure the project was successful. The county government provided food for the community as a form of motivation, leading to the quick completion of the trenching by the community, and the timely completion of the overall project. KATITO ADP: Recent and Accomplishments Due to Katito s poor soil and heavy rainfall, traditional latrine construction practices are vulnerable to collapse. As a result, sanitation platform (SanPlat) technology was introduced in Katito as a way to ensure latrines last for their intended lifespans. With great success, this work has proved to be one of the most sustainable initiatives in the community. Local artisans already are earning income, only three years after being trained in SanPlat technology. They have constructed SanPlat latrines for 53 institutions and 166 households. Due to the collaborative efforts of a local church and Katito World Vision staff, a rainwater harvesting system was constructed at a Katito primary school, providing students and teachers with access to clean water. 4

6 Long-Term Impact Water management committees and pump repair technicians help to ensure the long-term sustainability of water facilities. Fiscal Year 2014 Progress % Exceeded Target water committees formed or reactivated with fee-collection systems FY14 Target: 60 communities trained in pump maintenance and repair FY14 Target: % 265% World Vision s unique community engagement model helps us ensure that water continues to flow long after our work concludes. Our consistent approach of establishing water committees that collect fees to pay for maintenance and repair was recently validated by an independent study conducted by one of the premier academic groups in water research, the University of North Carolina Water Institute. The study examined a total of 1,470 wells (898 of them World Vision-built wells) in Ghana and found that eight in 10 wells installed by World Vision were still operational after nearly two decades. In contrast, previous studies have shown that 30 to 50 percent of non World Vision wells go unrepaired when they inevitably break down. These positive results have global implications for World Vision s WASH program, which we are currently exploring in a 10-country WASH impact evaluation study. Challenges and Lessons Learned In areas with loose soil, constructed latrines are prone to collapse during the intense rainy season. To mitigate this issue, the Kenya team applied sanitation platform (SanPlat) technology, using reinforced concrete slabs on latrine pits to keep them from collapsing. There were rising security issues in several ADPs. The conflicts were driven by cattle rustling and mounting resource inequity. In collaboration with local leaders and faith institutions, the WASH team engaged in peace efforts and relationship building to avoid future issues and program delays. The Matete ADP was challenged by exorbitant electricity bills for its electric grid-powered pump system, which provides reliable water to thousands of people. The WASH committee was trained to better collect fees to manage these costs. The committee now uses water kiosks to serve as shops and mobile phone charging stations to earn additional income. I thank God since He has answered our prayers. Our children will have better lives and their future will be brighter thanks to this water. I hope even other generations will take good care of it since it is a gift from God. Ruth Mumbua, a mother in Mutomo ADP 5

7 CLEAN WATER PROVIDES DIGNITY, TIME AND OPPORTUNITY. For Mareya, a Maasai mother in Osiligi ADP, clean water has given her family the opportunity to settle, develop the farmland, and send their children to school. Mareya explained that before a water point was constructed close to her home, we would leave home at 3 a.m. and get back home at noon. This means sometimes our children would go to school without water to wash their faces and hands. The Maasai tribe are nomadic pastoralists, and often move about in search of water during seasons of drought. As global warming has caused increasing drought and unpredictable rainfall, Massai communities must search farther and farther for water to care for their families and cattle. For children, the dry seasons meant missing school in order to help the family find enough water to survive. Before a solar-pumped well was completed, Mareya s only source of water was 10km away. After nine hours queuing for water, she would not have enough to care for her three children and the cattle they tended. They would alternate fetching water every other day so they could take the livestock for water on the alternate days. Mareya would ration their water, but this practice was unhygienic and her children increasingly missed school due to diarrheal diseases. Mareya smiles because of the change clean water brought to her family. The Kenya team constructed a well and equipped it with solar pump that now distributes water to numerous kiosks across the Emukutan village. With this new water point. Mareya can now focus on taking better care of her children by providing them safe water to drink, daily baths, and clean uniforms to wear to school. Now they are happy, they feel clean, Mareya happily shared. She also has more time to feed her children nutritious meals from the garden she now tends. With the water she collects nearby, she grows vegetables such as tomatoes and kale. Mareya can also spend more time with her family. We never enjoyed our meals as mothers. After spending so much energy walking to get water and then cooking, we were so tired that we never enjoyed the food. But now we can sit and enjoy our meals since water is close by. Children enjoy clean water from the Emukutan piped water system in Osiligi ADP. Kushirit Ndula, far right, attends school now that he and his mother Mareya have a water point nearby. 6 P.O. Box 9716, Federal Way, WA World Vision is a Christian humanitarian organization dedicated to working with children, families, and their communities worldwide to reach their full potential by tackling the causes of poverty and injustice. Motivated by our faith in Jesus Christ, we serve alongside the poor and oppressed as a demonstration of God s unconditional love for all people. World Vision serves all people, regardless of religion, race, ethnicity, or gender. FY14 Annual Kenya WASH_CR_Katito World Vision, Inc.