Rice Protec*on from Invertebrate Pests Larry Godfrey Dept. of Entomology and Nematology, UC- Davis
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1 Rice Protec*on from Invertebrate Pests Larry Godfrey Dept. of Entomology and Nematology, UC- Davis Godfrey Laboratory: Kevin Goding, Mohammad- Amir Aghaee, Joanna Bloese + three student workers VisiBng ScienBst: Mahmoud El- Habashy RES: Ray Stogsdill Others: Amy Bell, Jhalendra Rijal, Randall Cass
2 Integrated Pest Management of Rice Invertebrate Pests Cultural Controls Well- adapted variebes Weed management on levees PlanBng dates Winter flooding Biological Control Parasitoids for armyworms, rice leafminer Predators that feed on mosquito larvae Regulatory Controls AcBons by state and federal agencies to keep pests out of California Host Plant Resistance Not well- developed but some help Pheromones None
3 Integrated Pest Management of Rice Invertebrate Pests 200, ,000 InsecBcides Sevin Mustang Warrior and others Dimilin Other 160, ,000 Acres Treated 120, ,000 80,000 60,000 40,000 20,000 0 before Furadan esbmated
4 Integrated Pest Management of Rice Invertebrate Pests at seeding to 3- leaf stage rice leafminer, rice water weevil July to August - armyworms at seeding seed midge, tadpole shrimp, crayfish Panicle emergence to grain fill sbnk bugs
5 Integrated Pest Management of Rice Invertebrate Pests at seeding seed midge, tadpole shrimp, crayfish
6 Integrated Pest Management of Rice Invertebrate Pests Product Rate (lbs. AI/A) Product per A (fl. oz.) Timing 1. Untreated- no TPS Belay 2.13 SC 4.5 Preflood 3. Coragen Preflood 4. Belay 2.13 SC 4.5 early post- flood** 5. Coragen early post- flood** 6. Dimilin 2L 8.0 early post- flood** 7. Untreated with TPS Warrior II early post- flood** 9. Warrior II Preflood 10. Warrior II Preflood and early post- flood** 11. A17469; A17960 seed treatment at planbng 12. Copper Sulfate 10 lbs./a early post- flood** Tadpole Shrimp 10 ** pos\lood treatments 1 day a]er TPS added
7 Integrated Pest Management of Rice Invertebrate Pests Floa*ng Seedlings Tadpole Shrimp Live TPS- small ring 7 Live TPS- large ring
8 Integrated Pest Management of Rice Invertebrate Pests at seeding to 3- leaf stage rice water weevil
9 Integrated Pest Management of Rice Invertebrate Pests at seeding to 3- leaf stage rice water weevil RWW management insecbcides ring study small plot study greenhouse biological insecbcide study silicon augmentabon impact of treatments on mosquito management RWW management winter flooding Rice variety response to RWW mulbple variety comparison detailed M- 202 and M- 206 study RWW genebcs
10 Integrated Pest Management of Rice Invertebrate Pests at seeding to 3- leaf stage rice water weevil Product Rate (lbs. AI/A) Product per A (fl. oz.) Timing 1. Dimilin 2L leaf 2. Untreated Warrior II PF 4. Warrior II leaf 5. Warrior II leaf 6. Belay 2.13 SC 4.5 PF 7. Belay 2.13 SC leaf 8. Belay 2.13 SC leaf 9. Belay 2.13 SC leaf 10. Mustang leaf 11. Mustang PF 12. Bacillus thuringiensis spp galleriae 4 lbs. PF 13. Bacillus thuringiensis spp galleriae 4 lbs. 1-2 leaf 14. Declare leaf 15. Coragen PF 16. Coragen PF 17. Coragen PF 18. Coragen leaf 19. A9382; A9459; A12050 seed treatment 20. A17469 seed treatment 21. A17469; A17960 seed treatment 22. A17469 seed treatment 23. A17960 seed treatment 24. A17469; A17960 seed treatment 25. A9382; A9459; A12050; STP15201 seed treatment 26. A9382; A9459; A12050; STP22245 seed treatment
11 Integrated Pest Management of Rice Invertebrate Pests at seeding to 3- leaf stage rice water weevil RWW management insecbcides Jun 14- Jul New Products 3 RWW per Core Sample Untreated 6. Belay- PF 7. Belay- 1 LS 8. Belay- 3 LS 9. Belay- 6 LS 15. Coragen- PF 6.1 oz. 16. Coragen- PF 7.7 oz. 17. Coragen- PF 9.2 oz. 18. Coragen- 6 LS Registered post- flood Bming Registered (2016?) pre flood Bming
12 Integrated Pest Management of Rice Invertebrate Pests at seeding to 3- leaf stage rice water weevil 4 RWW management seed treatments 30- Jun 14- Jul Experimentals 3 RWW per Core Sample Untreated 12. Bacilllus thur. gall.- PF 13. Bacilllus thur. gall.- 1 LS 19. A9382; A9459; A seed 20. A seed 21. A17469; A seed 22. A seed 23. A seed 24. A17469; A seed 25. A9382; A9459; A12050; STP seed 26. A9382; A9459; A12050; STP seed
13 Integrated Pest Management of Rice Invertebrate Pests at seeding to 3- leaf stage rice water weevil RWW management insecbcides Belay registered Fall 2013 opbmal Bming is post- flood - ~2 leaf stage Coragen pursuing Special Local Needs (24c) label could potenbally be approved in Bme for 2015 season rather than in 2016 as currently projected registered in southern U.S. rice as a seed treatment in CA would be used preflood
14 Integrated Pest Management of Rice Invertebrate Pests at seeding to 3- leaf stage rice water weevil RWW management insecbcides greenhouse biological insecbcide study Bacillus thuringiensis spp galleriae The Btg granular formulabon (Phy- 4-12) performed as well as the leading pyrethroid (lambda- cyhalothrin) in use in California in our greenhouse and field trials.
15 Integrated Pest Management of Rice Invertebrate Pests at seeding to 3- leaf stage rice water weevil July to August - armyworms at seeding - midge, tadpole shrimp, crayfish Panicle emergence to grain fill sbnk bugs
16 Integrated Pest Management of Rice Invertebrate Pests SBnk Bugs - Why so many problems? most are difficult to kill with insecbcides using more selecbve products not easily exposed to insecbcides as they hide most wide host range more riparian habitats, weedy areas move indoors for winter crawl into Bght spaces perfect for hitchhiking global travel Rice SBnk Bug important pest of rice in southern U.S. not in California
17 Integrated Pest Management of Rice Invertebrate Pests Panicle emergence to grain fill sbnk bugs reports from one rice producbon area in Sacramento Valley of some pecky rice low level but consistently seen we searched for insect- related cause found few Redshouldered sbnk bugs one report from Mississippi of this species feeding on rice also reported in a 1965 publicabon as injuring rice in 1939 forestryimages.org
18 Integrated Pest Management of Rice Invertebrate Pests Redshouldered sbnk bugs pest of tomatoes and other crops prefers grasses becoming more common and appearing longer in season did two studies in rice in 2013 and expanded these in 2014
19 Integrated Pest Management of Rice Invertebrate Pests redshouldered sbnk bugs placed four redshouldered sbnk bugs in a cage over plants in milk stage and le] unbl maturity; replaced weekly (Luis Espino)
20 Grain Quality redshouldered sbnk bug cage study Brown rice 68 % peck Milled rice % Not infested cage Infested cage Not infested cage Infested cage 54 Milling yield Head rice yield
21 Grain Quality redshouldered sbnk bugs second study placed two red- shouldered sbnk bugs in a cage over a panicle a.) in milk stage and b.) in dough stage le] unbl maturity (Godfrey)
22 Grain Quality redshouldered sbnk bug panicle study Grain Yield from 15 Panicles Percentage of Pecky Rice Raw Yield (g) Percent Pecky Rice Red Shouldered milk stage Empty cage milk stage Red Shouldered late Bming Empty cage late Bming 0 Red Shouldered milk stage Empty cage milk stage Red Shouldered late Bming Empty cage late Bming
23 Grain Quality redshouldered sbnk bug panicle study Variety % Grain Loss % Pecky Rice M M Calmochi Calhikari S L boot, milk, and dough stage infestabons
24 Grain Quality redshouldered sbnk bug panicle study Ø also looked at consperse sbnk bug and southern green sbnk bug - would they damage rice Ø they did as well Southern green sbnk bug redshouldered sbnk bug Consperse sbnk bug
25 Grain Quality Surveyed 49 rice fields in Sacramento Valley rice for sbnk bugs in Sept. Fields with higher sbnk bug numbers weedy fields (grassy weeds) fields near riparian habitat fields in areas with more crop diversity (row crops) nightshade and wild tomabllos Johnson grass and sprangletop Fields PosiBve Bure 9 4 Colusa 10 4 Glenn 10 1 Surer 10 3 Yolo 5 3 Yuba 5 0 Mostly red- shouldered s*nk bug
26 redshouldered sbnk bugs Grain Quality
27 Integrated Pest Management of Rice Invertebrate Pests Brown marmorated sbnk bug (BMSB) had to do work in Contained Research Facility colony of BMSB in quaranbne
28 Integrated Pest Management of Rice Invertebrate Pests Brown Marmorated S*nk Bug 1998
29 Integrated Pest Management of Rice Invertebrate Pests Brown marmorated sbnk bug (BMSB) did reproduce on rice could not look at yield and panicle/kernel damage will examine kernel damage in laboratory study starbng a colony in laboratory
30 Integrated Pest Management of Rice Invertebrate Pests Brown marmorated sbnk bug (BMSB) Specialty rice from North Carolina coastal area Few hundred acres grown by Hmong farmers Significant damage Damage similar to rice sbnk bug
31 Integrated Pest Management of Rice Invertebrate Pests Cultural Controls well- adapted variebes weed management on levees planbng dates Biological Control Parasitoids for armyworms, rice leafminer Predators that feed on mosquito larvae Regulatory Controls AcBons by state and federal agencies to keep pests out of California Host Plant Resistance Not well- developed Pheromones None InsecBcides
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