Impacts of the 2004 Growing Season on Silage Quality

Transcription

1 Impacts of the 24 Growing Season on Silage Quality Joe Lauer University of Wisconsin

2 Objectives To describe the weather impact on the 24 corn silage crop. Mission impossible? To describe what is known about weather and management effects on silage quality. What should we be thinking about as we head into 25?

3 Corn Production during 24 Record grain yields in southwestern Wisconsin Opportunities for early planting date in most of Wisconsin After May 5 - late (June) planting dates in eastern Wisconsin Growing season Cooler than normal Wetter than normal May and June Corn growth and development lagged behind Beautiful September

4 Cummula ative (inches) Weather Summary for Arlington, WI Precipitation it ti 3-yr Average = Bold Line Daily Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Daily (inches) Cummula ative (inches) Weather Summary for Marshfield, WI Precipitation it ti 3-yr Average = Bold Line Daily Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Daily (inches) 1 8 Daily Temperatures 3-yr Average = Bold Line Maximums 1 8 Daily Temperatures 3-yr Average = Bold Line Maximums Deg grees (F) Freeze line Minimums Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Deg grees (F) Freeze line Minimums Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Cummula ative (GDUs) Growing Degree Units (modified - base= 5, max = 86) 3-yr Average = Bold Line Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Daily (GDUs) Cummula ative (GDUs) Growing Degree Units (modified - base= 5, max = 86) 3-yr Average = Bold Line Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Daily (GDUs)

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6 University of Wisconsin Corn Agronomy Program Spooner Rhinelander Chippewa Falls Marshfield Galesville Valders Lancaster Fond du Lac Arlington

7 24 Wisconsin Corn Performance Trials Silage Summary Percent Location N Yield N Yield change Arlington Lancaster Fond du Lac Galesville Chippewa Falls Marshfield Valders Rhinelander Spooner

8 Corn Forage Milk per Ton (lb/a) Response to Year in the UW Corn Trials (N= 11,292 plots) Milk per Ton (lb/t) North Central South Central South

9 Corn Forage NDFD (%) Response to Year in the UW Corn Trials (N= 11,292 plots) 7 North Central South Central South NDFD (%)

10 Corn Forage Starch Content (%) Response to Year in the UW Corn Trials (N= 11,292 plots) 4 Starc ch Cont tent (%) North Central South Central South

11 Corn Silage Yield and Quality During Development Milk per Ton (lb/t) Milk per Acre (lb/a) 2 Pioneer 3578 Arlington, WI Milk per Ton Milk per Acre Jul 11 Jul 21 Jul 31 Aug 1 Aug 2 Aug 3 Sep 1 Sep 21 Oct 5 V11 V14 R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R5.5 R5.8 Harvest date 5

12 12 (A) 9 (B) Milk per Ton (lb/t) F orage yield (T/ /A) NDFD (%) (C) Silking (R1) (E) Milk per Acre (lb/a) (%) rage moisture Fo h content (%) Starc 8 Changes in corn forage 7 yield and 6 quality with harvest date (D) (F) Each value = mean of 4 hybrids and 4 reps (derived from Darby and Lauer, 22) July 15 July 29 Aug 12 Aug 26 Sep 9 Sep 23 6 July 15 July 29 Aug 12 Aug 26 Sep 9 Sep 23 Harvest date Harvest date

13 The Yield And Quality Response Of Corn Silage To Climatic Effects And Cultural Practices Forage Dry matter Factor Yield digestibility NDF NDFD Increasing temperature Increasing light intensity Increasing stand density Delayed planting date Delayed harvest date Increasing N rate Source: (Struik, 1983) and (Deinum and Struik, 1989) as modified by (Coors and Lauer, 21).

14 Summary Difficult to determine how weather influenced the quality of the 24 corn silage crop. Cool weather would slow development rate. Late planting coupled with a cool growing season would likely l produce a less mature crop at harvest. Most quality differences might be related more to maturity at harvest. NDFD would be increased. Starch content would be decreased. Milk per Ton would not be affected. Recommendations for 25 are unchanged Do what you would normally do to optimize grain yield.

15 The End of the Row Questions? Thanks for your attention!