Basic Energy Sciences

Transcription

1 Basic Energy Sciences Board on Physics and Astronomy Keck Center of the National Academies April 27, 2012 Harriet Kung Director, Office of Basic Energy Sciences Office of Science, U.S. Department of Energy

2 Basic Energy Sciences Mission Fundamental research to understand, predict, and ultimately control matter and energy at the electronic, atomic, and molecular levels Provide the foundations for new energy technologies to support DOE s missions in energy, environment, and national security Plan, construct, and operate world-leading scientific user facilities for the Nation 2

3 Outline FY 2012 Appropriation Program Highlights FY 2013 Budget Request Upcoming Strategic Planning Activities 3

4 Research programs Energy Innovation Hubs FY 2012 BES Budget Appropriation Battery and Energy Storage Hub (+$20M) Energy Frontier Research Centers Core Research Plan to initiate new projects in materials and chemistry by design Scientific user facilities operations All facilities operate below optimum level Synchrotron light sources Neutron scattering facilities Nanoscale Science Research Centers Construction and instrumentation SUF Research Hubs 44 EFRC Const, OPC, CSGB Research 240 SBIR/STTR & GPP 43 MIE 233 MSE Research 274 Facilities Ops 731 National Synchrotron Light Source-II ($159M) and NEXT instrumentation ($12M) Spallation Neutron Source instruments ($12M) Advanced Photon Source upgrade ($20M) Linac Coherent Light Source-II ($30M) FY 2012 Approp: $ 1,688M (+$10M from FY 2011) NSRCs 103 Neutron Sources 249 Light Sources 379 4

5 Expression of Interest Predictive Theory and Modeling for Materials and Chemical Sciences Program Drivers Experimentally validated theory & modeling paradigm for design User-friendly software tools Harness the power of modern experimental tools and techniques Data standards, management and data-driven design strategies Science Topics: Excited states and dynamics Electronic and ionic transport Electron correlation Multiple length and time scales Novel approaches Funding Types: Single investigator/small group Glue funding Software innovation centers ". )1 $2. 34!5. $6*!784!9: 77 Test 5

6 Three Types of Proposals for the EOI Small groups or single investigators: Awards, for up to 3-years, for projects that address one or more of the following: Develop advanced algorithms and software Illustrate design methodology with the potential to significantly reduce materials development time Provide experimental validation of software, including the development of enhanced experimental capabilities "Glue" funding: Awards, for up to 3-years, will be made to support collaborations between funded BES activities through shared postdoctoral staff, short-term exchange of principal investigators, capability development, and related activities to: Better link experimental research to theory research to establish validated software Link theory/experimental efforts to bring existing software to a level that would allow the software to be used by a broader group of scientists and engineers, including use in materials or chemistry development activities. Centers for materials or chemical sciences software innovation: Up to 4 awards, each funded at a maximum of $2M per year for 3 years, for research and supporting activities that will: Develop new and/or vastly improved integrated open-source software and algorithms Serve as a repository for software developed that will be available for general users Serve as a repository for digital data, both experimental and computational 6

7 Program Highlights EFRC Update Scientific User Facilities Update LCLS self-seeding Industry usage highlights NSLS-II update Publications to improve communication 7

8 Energy Frontier Research Centers 46 EFRCs in 35 States were launched in Fall 2009 ~860 senior investigators and ~2,000 students, postdoctoral fellows, and technical staff at ~115 institutions > 250 scientific advisory board members from 12 countries and > 35 companies Impact to date: >1,000 peer-reviewed papers including more than 30 publications in Science and Nature. > 40 patents applications and nearly 50 additional patent/invention disclosures by 28 of the EFRCs. at least 3 start-up companies with EFRC contributions Assessment of progress: All EFRCs are undergoing mid-term peer review to assess progress towards goals and plans for the next 2 years of R&D. 8

9 Inexpensive Solar Cell Absorbs Nearly All Available Light From Fundamental Research to Rooftop Applications Basic Science Energy Frontier Research Center Manufacturing/ Commercialization Light absorbing nanowires surrounded by polymer that Breakthrough contains Al Award 2 O 3 scattering from Popular Mechanics in particles Sunlight can be efficiently collected and redirected: Materials that occupy as little as 2% of the solar cell volume absorb up to 85% of the available sunlight Caelux, a start-up company funded by the DOE PV Solar Incubator Program, develops solar cell designs and flexible manufacturing process that minimize the use of semiconducting material. This invention has the potential to significantly improve device efficiency while dramatically reducing production costs. Breakthrough Award from Popular Mechanics

10 Number of Users BES Synchrotron Light Sources SSRL 1974 & 2004 NSLS-II 2015 NSLS ,000 11,000 ALS 1993 APS 1996 LCLS ,000 9,000 8,000 7,000 6,000 5,000 4,000 3,000 2,000 LCLS APS ALS SSRL NSLS 1,000 0 '82 '83 '84 '85 '86 '87 '88 '89 '90 '91 '92 '93 '94 '95 '96 '97 '98 '99 '00 '01 '02 '03 '04 '05 '06 '07 '08 '09 '10 '11 Fiscal Year 10

11 First Demonstration of Hard X-ray Self Seeding at LCLS: Enhanced Coherence SASE FEL spectrum Seeded FEL spectrum ~ 20 ev ~ 0.5 ev Near Fourier Transform limit SASE and Seeded spectra recorded on single shots. The left panels are SASE with 150 pc, 3kA peak current, un-seeded. The FWHM of the SASE spectrum is 0.2 % Bandwidth. The right panels are the seeded beam with the same electron beam parameters. The FWHM of the seeded beam is 0.5 ev (5x10-5 bandwidth) Concept developed by Geloni, Kocharyan and Saldin, DESY (2010). The mean seeded FEL power is 8 GW with a 2.5 GW SASE background at 8 kev for 40 pc bunch charge. Peak seeded power is in excess of 15 GW, comparable to SASE but with a spectral bandwidth reduction by the factor of 40. Next steps include system optimization of the LCLS undulator beamline including additional undulators which should increase seeded power and reduce intensity fluctuation. SLAC-Argonne-TISNCM Collaboration 11

12 DOE Light Sources Contribute to American Manufacturing Competitiveness Revolutionary battery technology leads to a new manufacturing factory in the U.S. GE researchers used sophisticated scientific capabilities at the NSLS and APS to understand in detail the internal chemistry of an actual commercial battery while charging and discharging in real time. Additional studies of battery cross-sections helped GE engineers to further understand the system to achieve breakthroughs in energy density, charging power, and long cycle life. Impact: The new DurathonTM sodium metal halide battery. 12

13 DOE Light Sources Help Design New Drug Treatment for Alzheimer s Disease Synchrotron Protein Crystallography provides advanced analysis of protein structures in the drug discovery process Lilly scientists obtain insights on the function of potential drugs by examining the protein structural information using APS beamline data. Impact: A potential drug for Alzheimer s disease, the beta-secretase inhibitor, is currently in Phase I clinical testing. Robotic automation experimental set up for Synchrotron Protein Crystallography 13

14 Conventional Facilities Status Photo From Ring Bldg essentially complete Expect BO of final pentant week of Feb 13 Ring Bldg paving complete Ring Bldg site grading & seeding nearly complete (needs touch-up in spring) LOB concrete & steel complete LOB envelope & interior fit-out underway On-track to complete LOBs 1-3 by July and LOBs 4-5 by Dec Pentant 3 Girders & Components ready for Integration

15 BES Publications for Improved Communication BES 2011 Summary Report Overview of BES How BES does business Descriptions and representative research highlights for 3 BES divisions, EFRCs, and Energy Innovation Hubs BES FY 2011 Research Summaries Summaries of more than 1300 research projects across 3 BES divisions, including senior investigators, postdocs, graduate and undergraduate students, and a brief project description Science Serving the Nation (brochure) Brief vignettes describing the impact of BES funded research on scientific innovation and its impact on end-use technology 15

16 FY 2013 BES Budget Request Research programs Energy Innovation Hubs (+$5M) Energy Frontier Research Centers Joint EERE R&D (+$20M) Core Research Materials and Chemistry by Design (+$20M) Science for Clean Energy (+$42M) Scientific user facilities operations Near optimum operations of all facilities (+$42M) Synchrotron light sources Neutron scattering facilities Nanoscale Science Research Centers Instrumentation for clean energy, joint with EERE (+$15M) NSLS-II Early Operations (+$22M) SUF Research 27 Hubs 48 Const, OPC, MIE EFRC CSGB Research 260 SBIR/STTR & GPP 51 MSE Research 316 Facilities Ops 810 FY 2013 Request: $1,799.6M, +$111M NSRCs 114 Neutron Sources 258 Light Sources 439 Construction and instrumentation National Synchrotron Light Source-II NSLS-II instrumentation (NEXT) ($12M) Advanced Photon Source upgrade ($20M) Linac Coherent Light Source-II ($64M) 16

17 (As Appropriated Dollars in Billions) History of BES Request vs. Appropriation The EFRCs were established based on ~ 10 years of workshop planning and after three budget cycles of requests. Appropriation Fiscal Year Request FY13 HEWD 20

18 Science for Discovery BES Strategic Planning Activities Complex Syste ms Mesoscale Science Inputs welcome! Science for National Needs National Scientific User Facilities, the 21 st century tools of science Detector R&D 21