MycoRed integrated strategies for aflatoxin minimization in food and feed chain

Transcription

1 MycoRed integrated strategies for aflatoxin minimization in food and feed chain Antonio F. Logrieco Institute of Sciences of Food Production (ISPA), Research National Council (CNR), Via Amendola 122/O, Bari, Italy

2 Novel Integrated Strategies For Worldwide Mycotoxin Reduction in Food and Feed Chains FP7-KBBE ª 2

3 Novel Integrated Strategies For Worldwide Mycotoxin Reduction in Food and Feed Chains (FP7-KBBE) 3 MycoRed addresses the problem of mycotoxins at global level, aiming to : develop novel solution driven methodologies and handling procedures to reduce both pre- and post-harvest contamination in selected feed and food chains generate and disseminate information and education strategies to reduce mycotoxin risks worldwide create a wide interest among players and international network High risk areas of Africa, Asia and Latin America are receiving high attention by applying the project s results also in cooperation with international agriculture and food organizations Map of Fumonisins risk for maize

4 The Consortium Research Centers Universities International Organizations Companies CNR (IT) CRANFIELD (UK) IITA (NG) Romer (AT) MRI (DE) BOKU (AT) CIMMYT (MX) BF (AT) PRI (NL) DTU (DK) MAT (IT) CRC (HU) UCSC (IT) INC (ES) INRA (FR) UNRC (AR) FEFANA (BE) RIVM (NL) TUBITAK MAM (TR) INBI (RU) NRC (EG) SAMRC (SA) Uniroma1 (IT) DSA (IT) UdL (SP) Budget: 7189 M Euros Nº Partners: 25 Nº countries: 17 Personpower: 1055 Duration: 48 months Period: End users

5 network ISM AAFC -Guelph EMAN LMS ARGENTINA ARGENTINA PAE PAE NMASN MPU Project participants Scientific Alliances Twinnings 5

6 6 The project

7 Interactions DISSEMINATION/ EDUCATION Information & Education WP8 Field Storage Animal farm/industry Retailers Consumers PRE-HARVEST WP1 WP2 WP3 POST-HARVEST TRANSPORT PROCESSING TRANSPORT STORAGE WP4 WP4 WP5 WP4 WP4 CONSUMPTION WP7 WP8 Mycotoxin risk Ass. Mycotoxin risk Ass. Mycotoxin risk Ass. Mycotoxin risk Ass. WP6 WP7 WP6 WP7 STORAGE WP6 WP7 WP6 WP7 WP4 Mycotoxin reduction 7

8 Activities & first results FIELD PRE-HARVEST Screening hybrids of maize for A. flavus resistance and fungicides evaluation Better nozzle composition developed with 50 % additional fungicide reduction (compared to the best existhing technology) Economics of large scale production and commercialisation of 4 BCA completed Field trials in in Italy, The Netherlands, Nigeria and Argentina done with selected Biological Control Agents in wheat, maize, peanuts 8

9 69 80% aflatoxins control reduction in maize achieved with non toxigenic strains in Nigeria, where 64 maize fields (62 ha) and 8 peanut fields (5 ha) were treated with Aflasafe, a product containing a mixture of four atoxigenic Aspergillus flavus strains Aflatoxin contents in products harvested from treated fields were about 80% lower compared to untreated fields Zone Aflatoxin reduction in maize after AflaSafe application Number of farmers* Mean B aflatoxin (ng/g) AflaSafe Control Reduction (%) Maigana Pampaida Lere Birnin Gwari Mean *Treated and control fields with no detectable aflatoxin were excluded from analysis

10 Africa-wide Initiative for Aflatoxin Biocontrol Proposed Mother-Daughter Aflatoxin Biocontrol Initiatives and Labs In Africa Isolate collection available from 20 countries Strains from Kenya, Mozambique and Senegal screened, and atoxigenic strains identified for efficacy testing in the field

11 First results FIELD PRE-HARVEST (modelling) Evasion Mycotoxins Toxinogenesis Ear infected Head tissue infected Invasion Infected kernels Spore dispersion Mycelium infect basal organs or cereal straw Spore production Standardised data systems in place for: cropping systems, locations, meteorology, analytical data for model validation and development of risk maps; A data base has been developed prepared containing all available and relevant information for modelling development for F. verticillioides and FUM, A. flavus and AFs both in maize, and for OTA in grapes. 11

12 MycotoxinsMap of Aflatoxin risk in Maize Battilani and Logrieco, 2010

13 Prediction map of aflatoxin B 1 risk in pistachios growing areas on a global scale Battilani and Logrieco, 2010

14 Prodiction map of aflatoxin B 1 risk in peanuts growing areas on a global scale Battilani and Logrieco, 2010

15 First results POST HARVEST & PROCESSING POST-HARVEST relationships between environmental factors and dry matter loss relevant to EU legislative limits (DON, FUM and AFs) have been identified in wheat, maize and hazelnuts In vitro and large scale effect of O3 on germination and growth on relevant mycotoxin producing fungi in apricot and other dried fruits has been carried out actions to reduce mycotoxin contents in agricultural by products and commercial products have been performed testing in vitro the ability to bind simultaneously aflatoxins B1, ZEA, FB1, OTA and DON 15

16 AFB 1 adsorption by agricultural by-products 80 AFB 1 adsorption (%) ph 7 ph Adsorbent dosage: 0.1% (w/v) Toxin concentration: 1 µg/ml Fruit pomaces, dry fruit shells and some agricultural wastes have been selected as promising AFB 1 adsorbent materials Agricultural by-products have the potential to be used as novel multi-mycotoxin adsorbing agents

17 STORAGE & TRANSPORTATION NOVEL POST-HARVEST AND STORAGE HANDLING PRACTICES (WP4) GPRS Sensor Node Ambient intelligence system Sensor Node Sensor Node Wireless sensor network devices have been developed and used into pilot scale grain silos to monitoring temperature, humidity and CO2. 17

18 ID207 central axis CouldbethisanHot Spot?!? 204 ΔT=0,6 C Data from Central axis are very stable and linear so this temperature peak is a sign of something strange is happening around the ID207.

19 First results RISK ASSESMENT Biodiversity/structure population and diagnostics have been developed applying molecular methods for identification of Aspergillus, Fusarium and Penicillium (880+) from several host plants. Novel approaches to control mycotoxigenic fungi by application of light at different wave length permitting a better control of fungal growth and toxin production (. 19

20 A. parasiticus BFE96p AFL Dark White Red Yellow Green +/ Blue +/ Royal blue YES MEA Blue light has an inhibiting effect on aflatoxin B1 biosynthesis Schmidt Heyd et al., 2011 International Journal of Food Microbiology, 45,

21 WP7 results RISK ASSESMENT Advanced quantitative analytical methods (LC MS/MS based) have been developed and validated for rapid multimycotoxin detection (250 metabolites) in all commodities addressed by Mycored. Two methods were developed for the determination of mycotoxin biomarkers in urine. 4.2e5 4.0e5 3.8e5 3.6e5 3.4e5 3.2e5 3.0e5 2.8e5 2.6e5 2.4e5 2.2e5 2.0e5 1.8e5 1.6e5 1.4e5 1.2e5 1.0e5 8.0e4 6.0e4 4.0e4 2.0e Time, min Intensity, cps Rapid test kits (strip tests) for the detection of DON, AFs and FUMs have been thoroughly validated and checked for cross-reactivity against conjugated and other altered forms of mycotoxins. 21

22 International actions 32 Short Term Visits in 2009 and 2012 Canada 2012 Austria 2009 Hungary 2010 Russia 2011 Egypt 2010 Italy 2010 Turkey 2011 Latin&South America 2011 Home education Home education Malaysia 2010 Malaysia 2010 Home education Argentina 2010 South Africa 2011 International Conference Workshop Training Course 22

23 23 Meetings in Africa Human relationships for growing international network Agreement in China Local networks Agreement in Indonesia

24 Home education 24

25 Summary and conclusions EU: detailed and stringent regulations Border rejection notifications: aflatoxins as major concern Strong European co operation and international alliences : get involved! Possibilities exist to combat the mycotoxin problem Global and integrated effort for mycotoxin reduction a global level

26 Next event!! ISM International conference on Mycotoxins Beijing, China May 19 23,

27 Food safety: a priority for public health ThanksThanks for your attention!