Triggering Calcium Responses in Various Human ipsc-derived Neural Cell Types. Giorgia Salvagiotto, PhD June 2016

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1 Triggering Calcium Responses in Various Human ipsc-derived Neural Cell Types Giorgia Salvagiotto, PhD June 216

2 Transformative Potential of ipsc Technology: Enabling for Drug Discovery, Toxicology, and Regenerative Medicine Donor Samples ips Cells icell Products Cardiomyocytes Neurons Skeletal Myoblasts Cardiac Progenitor Cells Endothelial Cells DopaNeurons Hepatocytes Macrophages Hematopoietic Progenitor Cells Astrocytes CDI Manufacturing Benchmarks (cells per month, >95% purity) Lot-to-Lot Consistency Diversity and Disease Portfolio MyCell Products 7 billion ips cells 3 billion cardiomyocytes 3 billion neurons 2 billion endothelial cells 2 billion hepatocytes Diversity Gender, Ethnicity, etc Disease Cohorts Cardiac, hepatic, neuro, etc Cell Banks CIRM, NHLBI, etc. Custom Reprogramming, Engineering, and Differentiation From Any Donor June 17, 216 2

3 Voltage ( V) Several Different Human Neural Cell Types Available... Coming Soon!! 11 Glutamate toxicity Coming Soon!! 1 % Viability icell Neurons icell DopaNeurons icell Astrocytes icell Motor Neurons Log [glu] mm icell GlutaNeurons icell Induced Neurons with Numerous Different Applications June 17, 216 3

4 Area of Interest Calcium Signaling Assays in Neurons Calcium plays an important role in cell signaling Direct signal transduction or as 2nd messenger Area Under Curve (AUC) [Compound] M AMPA DNQX (+1 M AMPA) Calcium is involved in: Membrane excitability and depolarization Synaptic plasticity and neuronal transmission There is interest in human ipsc-neurons because they posses relevant markers/channels that are present at endogenous expression levels: Voltage-gated calcium channels (VGCCs) Internal Ca2+ stores (IP3 and ryanodine receptors) Ionotropic glutamate receptors (NMDA and AMPA) Metabotropic Glu receptors (mglurs) June 17, 216 4

5 1 st Tier Approach: Ligand-induced Ca 2+ Flux 96-well plates; HTS-compatible Profiling of multiple receptor agonists Integ. Ratio 15 1 Integ. Ratio 1 Integ. Ratio [Kainic Acid] ( M) [NMDA] ( M) [Glutamic Acid] ( M) Measurable across multiple neuronal subtypes Ca 2+ signal can be inhibited / competitively antagonized Integ. Ratio 15 icell Neurons icell DopaNeurons icell GlutaNeurons Integ. Ratio 15 1 AMPA AMPA + DNQX [AMPA] ( M) [compound] ( M) June 17, 216 5

6 2 nd Tier Approach: Measuring Network Connectivity ipsc-derived Dopaminergic Neurons 35 camp HTRF Assay 3 25 Map2 / Nestin / Hoechst TH / FoxA2 / Hoechst Delta F% Log [Apomorphine] (M) High neuron purity (>95% MAP2+) High TH expression (>8% DIV 14) Appropriate gene expression (cells are more excitatory than inhibitory; VGLUT2 > VGAT) Responsive to various DA-specific pharmacology (camp HTRF assay) Develops organized network-level bursting patterns on MEA (DIV >14) Network Bursts June 17, 216 6

7 2 nd Tier Approach: Measuring Network Connectivity Assay Development Highlights Consistent phenotype / assay signal from well-to-well Spontaneous Ca 2+ oscillations 15 min Timing and media considerations Pharmacological modulation of signal 48 h 24 h 6 h 2 µm D-AP5 5 µm DNQX DIV >14 5 min June 17, 216 7

8 Example Pharmacology with icell DopaNeurons [compound] Cyclothiazide (targets AMPA-R) D-AP5 (NMDA-R antagonist) DNQX (targets AMPA-R) Thapsigargin (inhibits SERCA) Lidocaine (blocks Na V channels) 1. Cellular phenotype is present 2. Assay signal can be modulated with compounds 3. Next step is determining the best parameters for analysis 15 min Gabapentin (targets VGCCs?) trans-acpd (targets mglur1) SA-453 ( 1 receptor agonist) June 17, 216 8

9 3 rd Tier Approach: Next Gen Assays with FDSS/µCell Ca 2+ response evoked by EFS Membrane Potential Voltage (FluoVolt dye) 3D Cell Culture / Co-Culture Calcium (Fluo-4 dye) (Data from cells on same plate) June 17, 216 9

10 Other Functionally Relevant Human Cell Types from ipsc BPM BPM icell Cardiomyocytes log [Isoproterenol] (M) log [E-431] (M) Ctrl KCl (1 mm) 2V 3V 4V 5V 6V icell Skeletal Myoblasts icell SkM + EarlyTox calcium dye Compound Treatment Electrical Field Stimulation (EFS) June 17, 216 1

11 Final Thoughts ipsc technology Lego building blocks Platform provider; Data analysis CDI provides highly pure cryopreserved cells icell Operating System Study neurological diseases June 17, 216 CONFIDENTIAL 11