Providing optimum fire protection in tunnels around the world

Transcription

1 Providing optimum fire protection in tunnels around the world I n s u l a t i n g O u r W o r l d

2 TUNNEL FIRE PROTECTION TO THE EXTREME.. Transport in safe hands with Kemwell & Firebarrier 135 Tunnel fires can be catastrophic Risk to human life and severe damage to the tunnel structure can occur, requiring extensive repairs or causing collapse of the tunnel. The resulting disruption of transport links can cause serious economic or social problems such as increased traffic congestion, reduction in tourism or damage to the local economy. Studies have shown that fires generated in road tunnels burn at a very high temperature, the EU UPTUN Project demonstrated that HGV s carrying a wooden pallets load can generate a fire comparable to that from an oil tanker with temperatures over 1300 C recorded. A number of fire curves have been developed to represent the temperatures generated in real fire situations. Of these the RWS curve developed in Holland is the most severe and is now widely used in fire tests developed for tunnel fire protection systems. Typical tunnel fire temperatures Car Fire Lorry Fire Petrol Tanker Fire Large Petrol Tanker Fire 400 C 1000 C 1200 C 1400 C

3 . The need for fire protection in tunnels High strength tunnel linings are vulnerable at high temperatures due to either explosive spalling or over-heating of steel reinforcement bars within the lining. Collapse of the tunnel can take place at temperatures as low as 200 C. The safety of people in a tunnel during a fire is important and there is a need for fire proof refuges or escape routes. Cable trays, structural steel or fuel drainage systems all may need to be protected against fires. All these elements of the tunnel structure need an insulating fire resistant layer to provide thermal protection against temperatures above 1300 C. High Performance fire protection in tunnels FireBarrier 135 is a refractory cement fire protection material specially developed for the high temperatures developed in tunnel fires. It can be applied by spraying or cast into sheets. Resistant to real tunnel fire temperatures Unlike most other products used for tunnel fire protection, FireBarrier 135 is a refractory material able to withstand repeated and prolonged exposure to high-temperature exposure. In fire tests, when exposed repeatedly at temperatures of 1350 C FireBarrier has shown consistent performance as a protection to concrete. FireBarrier 135 has many benefits Refractory Product - can withstand repeated exposure to 1350 C for long cycle times Very low spraying wastage during installation - less than 1% of weight Fast and easy to instasll - one, single layer application High adhesion strength - eight times greater than product weight High quality surface finish that can be painted.

4 TOUGH PROTECTION AND PERFORMANCE... Resistant to tunnel operating conditions Extensive tests at independent laboratories have proven the resistance of FireBarrier 135 to environmental conditions found in tunnels. FireBarrier 135 is resistant to water jet sprays used to clean tunnel linings. FireBarrier 135 will not spall when subjected to water hose sprays at high temperature providing safety for fire-fighting High quality surface finish FireBarrier 135 can be trowelled flat to provide a high-quality surface finish that can be used as the final tunnel lining surface (with optional painting). This avoids the need for expensive secondary cladding. FireBarrier 135 is normally installed by spraying over a mesh, which is fixed to the concrete lining using pig tail anchors. High strength FireBarrier 135 has high adhesion strength typically 8 times its weight, allowing fixings to be attached directly to it. Like concrete, strength increases over time. Adhesion has been verified in use and in independent laboratory tests. Ease of installation FireBarrier is easy to install with virtually no wastage due to spray rebound. It is installed in one single layer with quick dry times. It can be installed onto concrete or metal substrates using standard spray equipment (Putzmeister M11 or PFT G4/G5).

5 Optimum fire protection Concrete test results Test Reference Test Compress Fire Thickness Thickness Temp. at Temp. of Temp. of and Test Report Duration Strength of Curve of Concrete of FB135 Interface of Steel concrete Ref. Number (mins) Concrete TYPE Substrate used (mm) concrete & reinforcement cold face Substrate (MM) FB135 after bars after after 135 mins ( C) 120 mins ( C) 120 mins ( C) CSI DC02/016/F B35 HCM 150mm 28mm CSI DC02/006/F B35 HCM 150mm 32mm TNO 2005-CVB-R B50 HCM 200mm 28mm TNO 2005-CVB-R B50 HCM 200mm 35mm TNO 98-CVB-R B35 RWS 150mm 38mm Not Measured TNO 98-CVB-R B35 RWS 150mm 51mm Not Measured SINTEF 22NOO8,02,C 134 B70 RWS 400mm 49mm 167 N/A 18 SINTEF 22NOO8,02,C 125 B76 RWS 400mm 57mm 113 N/A 18 CSI DC02/006/F B35 ISO mm 28mm CSTB France1 132 B30 HCM 180mm 28mm RS A SP Sweden 120 C35/45 RWS mm Not Measured P Tested as a floor with fire above to simulate the floor of an escape passage 2 Reinforcing rods placed 75mm from concrete lining surface Versatility and Efficient FireBarrier 135 can also be cast into sheet form and installed as dry board or shape for applications where spraying is not convenient. It is an efficient insulation at high temperature with low thickness requirements to meet fire protection performance. Temperature ( C) Concrete interface temperatures with varying Thickness of FireBarrier C mm 49mm 51mm 57mm 65mm Concrete Thickness

6 TOUGH PROTECTION AND PERFORMANCE... Tunnel Fire Protection Maximum performance Rigorous testing Passenger & commuter safety High resistance to impact Assists in valuable escape time Applications for FireBarrier 135 in tunnels Protection of Smoke Extraction ducts and shafts adjacent to escape routed Protection of ventilation shafts/escape shafts Protection of cables, pipes and other essential services Protection of tunnel roofs and walls to prevent collapse through spalling or overheating of steel reinforcement bars Protection of refuges and fire escapes

7 Versatility in fire protection of tunnels There is a FireBarrier solution for every fire situation in a tunnel Project: El-Azhar Tunnel (Cairo, Egypt) 1999/2000 Requirements: Volume: Fire protection of main concrete tunnel structure 2 hours RWS fire curve Thickness applied: 47mm in one single layer 57000m 2 of FireBarrier 135 applied (3442 Tonnes) Project: Mont Blanc Tunnel (France, Italy) 2001 Requirement: Volume: Fire Protection of escape refuges, 2 hours HCM and 4 hours ISO fire curves Thickness Applied: 42mm in one single layer onto Bioclima 30 bricks 1700m 2 of FireBarrier 135 applied (110 Tonnes) Project: Bjorvika Tunnel, Oslo, Norway 2009 Requirements: Volume: Immersed road tunnel 2 hours RWS fire protection with fire testing required on large pre-stressed roof sections. Washable surface, high adhesion strength FireBarrier 135 in one single layer 36mm thick. Custom designed fore rated expansion joint seal system between segments 50,000m 2 installed. 5,000 lainera metres of expansion joint seal system Project: St Marie Aux Mines Tunnel, France 2007/08 Requirements: Escape passage located under roof of ventilation shaft. Fire protection required for the floor of the ventilation shaft to prevent fire spread to escape way underneath. 2 hours protection required against HCM high-rise hydrocarbon fire 28mm of FireBarrier 135 spray-applied to floor of ventilation shaft. Design proven by special fire test of floor section built at CSTB fire test laboratory, France Project: Lecco Tunnel, Italy 2005 Requirements: Volume: Fire protection of tunnel roof, ventilation ducts and escape passage, 2 hours HCM fire curve, 4 hours ISO curve 28mm in one single layer for concrete exposed to HCM curve for 120 minutes. 12mm in one single layer for concrete exposed to ISO 834 curve for 2 hours. 35mm for steel sections exposed to HCM fire curse for 2 hours 5500m 2 FireBarrier 135 installed (330 tonnes)

8 properties & Performance Main Properties of Firebarrier 135 Temperature Limit 1350 C Weight of dry material/m 3 required of construction 1050kg Installed density 1550kg/m 3 Long term density 1180kg/m 3 3 Dry density 1100kg/m 3 Cold crushing strength ASTM C-133 (after 3 days curing) 3.0 MPa (after 28 days curing) 9.0 MPa (after 3 days curing + drying) 40 MPa Water to mix 50% Fire Protection Properties Class A1 reaction to fire in accordance with EN :2002 Non combustable material according to IMO RES. A.799 (19) Physical Properties Adhesion strength ASTM E-736/06 (on steel surface) >4.9 MPa (on concrete surface) >4.6 MPa Tensile strength SN-EN 1542 (after 7 days) 0.7 MPa (after 28 days) 1.1 MPa Modulus of elasticity (after setting) 4.05 MPa (after 28 days) 4.05 MPa High Temperature Performances Thermal conductivity (ISO 8302 : 1991) at mean temp. of: 50 C W/m.K 200 C W/m.K 500 C W/m.K Specific Heat (EN 821-2) at 50 C 704 kj/kg.k at 100 C 806 kj/kg.k at 500 C 678 kj/kg.k Chemical composition Si % AI % Ca0 Total 24.4% Fe % Ti % Mg0 + K Na % The values given here in are typical values obtained in accordance with excepted test methods and we are subject to normal manufacturing variations. They are supplied as a technical service and are subject to change without notice. Therefore, the data contained here in should not be used for specification purposes.

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