Pedestrian and Facility Safety Guarding

Transcription

1 Pedestrian and Facility Safety Guarding Presented by Ideal Shield: Ensuring the safety of pedestrians, valuable machinery, and equipment inside and out. AIA-IS0501-W This continuing education program is sponsored and provided to you due to the professional courtesy of: Creating Safety World Ideal Shield 2525 Clark St. Detroit, MI Website: The material contained in this continuing education program belongs to ideal shield. Questions or concerns about the program content need to be addressed with the program instructor. 1

2 Promotional Statement Slide This course has been design as a structured asynchronous program therefore has been formatted for online use only. Please don t forget to print your AIA/CES Certificate of Completion. Successful completion is scoring 80% or higher on your final exam. If you wish to print later you can access all certificates from you re A-F transcript center. The American Institute of Architects Course No. IS0501-W; LUs This program qualifies for HSW. Architect-Forum is a registered provider with The American Institute Of Architects Continuing Education Systems. Credit earned on completion of this program will be reported to CES Records for AIA members. Certificates Of Completion for non-aia members available on request. This program is registered with the AIA/CES for continuing professional education. As such, it does not include content that may be deemed or construed to be an approval or endorsement by the AIA.of any material of construction or any method or manner of handling, using, distributing, or dealing in any material or product. Questions related to specific materials, methods, and services will be addressed at the conclusion of this presentation. 2

3 Course Description This course provides a comprehensive overview of the variety of guarding products available for use in and around facilities to ensure the safety of pedestrians, valuable machinery, and equipment. This program also reviews applications, installation options, and common product finishes which will assist in making the right decisions for your clients. 3

4 Learning Objectives At the end of this program, participants will gain a basic understanding of: The types of facility guarding products available for use. Applications for facility guarding products. Installation options for each facility guarding product. The most common guarding product finishes. 4

5 Course Outline Product Finishes Facility Guarding Products Painted / Powder Coated Bollards Galvanized Guardrail Aluminum Handrail Plastic Product Applications Installation Options Entrances & Pedestrian areas Surface Mounted Industrial & Machine Guarding Core Mounted Stairs & Mezzanines Removable Summary Test Instructions 5

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7 BOLLARDS Architects incorporate bollards into design plans most often as protective barriers or to control vehicle and pedestrian traffic flow. In this section we will review the most prevalent types of bollards including steel, cast iron, concrete, and stainless steel. Highest impact resistance to lowest: steel, stainless steel, concrete, cast iron. Bollards are commonly installed to provide pedestrian guidance, perimeter security, and architectural highlighting. Most common bollard sizes range from 36 to 52 inches tall, and 3 to 10 inches in diameter. Bollards have no specific safety regulations. 7

8 STEEL BOLLARDS Steel Steel is the most common material used for bollards due to cost and durability. Likely to be found at gas stations, banks, retail stores, shopping centers, office buildings, parking garages, restaurants, drive-thru areas. Also installed in industrial settings to provide protection for valuable machinery, equipment, electrical panels, HVAC units, and more. 8

9 STEEL BOLLARDS Steel Pipe Schedule or Thickness 40 & 80 9

10 STEEL BOLLARDS Installation Can be installed using a base plate for surface mounting, core drilled and filled with concrete for a permanent solution, or core drilled with a steel sleeve to make the bollard modular. Removable 10

11 STEEL BOLLARD FINISHES Galvanized Hot dip galvanizing is the process of dipping fabricated metal into a vat of molten zinc. The iron in the steel reacts with the molten zinc to form a tightly bonded alloy coating that provides corrosion protection. A typical hot-dip galvanizing line operates as follows: Steel is cleaned using a caustic solution. This removes oil/grease, dirt, and paint. The caustic cleaning solution is rinsed off. The steel is pickled in an acidic solution to remove mill scale. The pickling solution is rinsed off. A flux, often zinc ammonium chloride is applied to the steel to inhibit oxidation. The flux is allowed to dry on the steel and aids in the process of the liquid zinc wetting and adhering to the steel. The steel is dipped into the molten zinc bath and held there until the temperature of the steel equilibrates with that of the bath. The steel is cooled in a quench tank to reduce its temperature and inhibit undesirable reactions to the atmosphere. 11

12 STEEL BOLLARD FINISHES Painted Painting is a low cost initial investment. Paint requires frequent maintenance to keep its appearance. Can be a time-consuming process. Without first galvanizing, steel is prone to corrosion. New galvanized steel needs to be quenched prior to painting for the paint to adhere. 12

13 STEEL BOLLARD FINISHES Powder & E-Coated Powder coating is a coating that is applied as a free flowing dry powder and heated to fuse a protective layer. Fusion bonded epoxy coating, commonly referred to as FBE coating, is an epoxy-based powder coating that is widely used to protect steel pipe. Regardless of the shape and type of steel to be coated, the FBE powder coating application has three essential stages: the steel surface is thoroughly cleaned the cleaned metal part is heated to the recommended FBE powder application temperature the application and curing stage. 13

14 STEEL BOLLARD FINISHES Plastic Cover Plastic bollard covers are easy to install Virtually maintenance-free Most cost-effective option Plastic covers fit securely Enhances visibility 14

15 STEEL BOLLARD FINISHES Plastic Cover Wide variety of options to choose from ranging from a basic sleeve to matching Pantone colors, custom logos, lighted covers and more. Provides an elegant appearance at a fraction of the cost of cast iron or stainless. 15

16 CAST IRON BOLLARDS Cast Iron Cast iron is the most common material from which historically styled bollards are constructed. Cast iron bollards are heavy enough to be used in standalone or bollard cover applications. Commonly used at historic sites, upscale office buildings, municipalities. Cast iron bollards are available in a wide range of architectural styles and can be core or surface mounted. The most common finish for cast iron is powder coating. 16

17 CONCRETE BOLLARDS Concrete bollards come in a wide variety of shapes, sizes, styles, and finishes. They provide effective security measures to protect banks, schools, military bases, and other commercial locations. Concrete bollards are higher in cost than steel, but usually less than cast iron. 17

18 CONCRETE BOLLARDS Concrete Bollard Installation Options The following three slides show the most common installation methods used for concrete bollards. They are listed in order from highest impact resistance to lowest impact resistance. 18

19 CONCRETE BOLLARDS Cavity and Pipe Installation Embed steel pipe into a concrete footing, leaving a portion of it exposed above grade, and then mount the concrete bollard over the top of the steel pipe once the footing sets. 19

20 CONCRETE BOLLARDS Direct Embed Installation Embed the bollard directly into a concrete footing. To get the overall length of the bollard needed, add the below grade depth to the desired above grade height. 20

21 CONCRETE BOLLARDS Anchor Bolt Installation This installation method involves either 2 or 4 L shaped anchor bolts (or lengths of protruding rebar) coming out of the base of the concrete bollard. The bolts or rebar can either be embedded in a very shallow concrete footing or can be secured into small core drilled holes with concrete or an epoxy adhesive. 21

22 CONCRETE BOLLARDS Finish Options There are a wide variety of finishes and colors for concrete bollards, depending on the manufacturer. A few common finish options for concrete bollards are: natural, exposed aggregate, light or heavy sandblasted, and stained. 22

23 STAINLESS STEEL BOLLARDS Stainless steel is used to create bollards with a sleek, functional and contemporary appearance. Stainless steel offers a high level of weather resistance and is often used in applications where moisture presents a serious concern. Stainless is one of the more expensive bollard types, typically used in upscale settings. 23

24 STAINLESS STEEL BOLLARDS There are two grades of stainless steel that are most commonly used to create bollards: 304 Stainless Steel 304 grade is the most commonly used type of stainless steel. It can meet the requirements of applications ranging from architectural to industrial. For the level of corrosion resistance it provides, 304 stainless steel is a suitable option for many applications but it may tarnish over time. 304 Stainless Steel bollards are generally used in dry, inland applications. 316 Stainless Steel 316 stainless steel provides a higher level of oxidization-resistance than 304 stainless steel. It is more resistant to saltwater corrosion and well suited for use in coastal applications. The more durable nature of 316 stainless steel means that it is often sold at a higher price than other grades. It is important to note that though it provides a higher level of oxidization-resistance, it may still be susceptible to rust in extreme environments. 24

25 STAINLESS STEEL BOLLARDS Installation Stainless steel bollards can be surface mounted using a base plate, cored and cemented, or cored with a sleeve for a removable option. Surface Cored Removable 25

26 BOLLARD APPLICATIONS Bollards are often used for storefront applications to prevent vehicles from crashing into buildings and injuring pedestrians. They are also installed to discourage smash-and-grab theft. These bollards are installed below grade to ensure maximum stopping power. 26

27 BOLLARD APPLICATIONS Bollards can be easily customized to fit branding needs. Some bollards are used more for appearance than security, such as these round concrete bollards. The concrete itself is brittle and held in place only by a 12 anchor. 27

28 BOLLARD APPLICATIONS Some bollards are mainly architectural, only providing a pedestrian pathway or vehicle deterrent. As you can see, cast iron bollards, while heavy, are installed only using a metal rod and do not have the same stopping power as steel bollards. 28

29 BOLLARD APPLICATIONS Stainless steel bollards are found in upscale settings to combine security with a contemporary appearance. 29

30 BOLLARD APPLICATIONS Steel bollards, spaced 4 to 5 feet apart, provide a durable perimeter to prevent hazardous accidents. 30

31 BOLLARD APPLICATIONS Bollards are used in fast food drive-thru areas to protect valuable equipment, as well as the building itself, from vehicle impact 31

32 BOLLARD APPLICATIONS Bollards are frequently used to guard against damage to electrical panels, protecting both the equipment as well as pedestrians. 32

33 BOLLARD APPLICATIONS Bollards are frequently installed, both inside and out, to prevent costly damage to overhead doors from vehicles and forklift traffic. 33

34 BOLLARD APPLICATIONS Before After Residential locations can also benefit from the use of decorative bollards and/or covers 34

35 BOLLARDS Port of Miami 35

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37 GUARDRAIL Guardrail is a safety product that most people see every day either driving down the highway, in the plant they work in, or even pulling into a parking structure. Loose safety guidelines can make it easy to push the need for guardrail to the bottom of the list when the design process begins. Guardrail is used to protect valuable machinery and equipment, but the main purpose is to protect people. Let s take a look at a few common types of guardrail 37

38 GUARDRAIL Corrugated Guardrail is fabricated from 10 to 12 gauge steel. Surface mounted with welded base plate and anchors. Bolted and must be assembled in the field. Generally found in industrial settings. Most common finishes are galvanized and powder coated. 10 to 20 deflection making it necessary to install farther away from equipment 38

39 GUARDRAIL Pipe and Plastic Guardrail is commonly found in industrial plants, food handling, cold storage, and even outside to prevent damage to structures. Plate mounted and cored installation Fabricated to withstand repeated impacts from a 12,000 pound forklift traveling 8mph. Zero deflection to maximize floor space. Posts are Schedule 80 steel, rails are Schedule 40 steel. 39

40 GUARDRAIL Fabricated Steel Guardrail is utilized in the same way as corrugated or pipe and plastic guardrail to protect machinery, equipment, and people. Likely to be found in industrial settings. Fabricated steel is welded, which can rust and flake from oxidation. Can be installed using a base plate, or cored. Finishes include galvanized, painted, and powder coated. Fabricated steel is unrated due to lack of uniformity. 40

41 GUARDRAIL Highway Guardrail is seen by most people on a daily basis. Widely used for highway safety and fixed on the side of the roads especially on curves and slopes. Designed to absorb impact during a collision to minimize injury to a vehicle and its occupants. Fabricated from 10 to 12 gauge steel. Between 29 and 31 recommended minimum height. (Previously 27-1/2 ) Finishes: galvanized and powder coated. 41

42 GUARDRAIL As with bollards, guardrail can be surface mounted using a base plate, core mounted with concrete, or core mounted with a steel sleeve to make it modular. Some can even be dropped in with no anchor necessary. Core mounting should be done 6 from the edge of the concrete. Surface mount using 6-1/4 x 3/4 anchor expansion bolts 42

43 GUARDRAIL STANDARD FINISHES: Galvanized Painted Powder Coated Weathered Steel Plastic 43

44 GUARDRAIL 44

45 GUARDRAIL Door protection guardrail eliminates costly door repair and replacement. Can be surface or core mounted 45

46 GUARDRAIL APPLICATIONS Two types of guardrail used to protect walls and doors 46

47 GUARDRAIL APPLICATIONS Highway guardrail installed on a curved section of road 47

48 GUARDRAIL APPLICATIONS 1-line guardrail used in a parking lot to prevent damage to the fence as well as provide a security perimeter. 48

49 GUARDRAIL APPLICATIONS 2-line guardrail used as a way to securely section off an area. Can be used to section off break areas, stocking areas, shipping areas, etc. 49

50 GUARDRAIL APPLICATIONS 2-line surface mounted guardrail installed to protect from forklift damage in a high traffic area. Zero deflection means it can be installed within a few inches. 50

51 GUARDRAIL APPLICATIONS In plant installation to protect equipment from forklift damage. OSHA (g)(1)(i)(B) The width of working space in front of the electric equipment shall be the width of the equipment or 762 mm (30 in.), whichever is greater. In all cases, the working space shall permit at least a 90- degree opening of equipment doors or hinged panels. 51

52 GUARDRAIL APPLICATIONS Guardrail installed to protect racks from forklift collision in a high traffic area. Customized rounded base plates to prevent tripping and allow easier forklift passage. 52

53 Sky Zone Aluminum Railing and Speed-Rail Fittings with Powder Coated Steel Infill Panels

54 HANDRAIL There are many options to consider when working with handrail; most importantly the safety requirements set by OSHA, BOCA, and IBC. Whether elegant or industrial, handrail always serves the same purpose protecting people. Handrail can be found in almost any project including office buildings, restaurants, industrial settings, banks, retail stores, warehouses, distribution centers, and more. 54

55 HANDRAIL Carbon Steel Most common in low profile areas such as egress stairs. Welded/fabricated Low initial cost Finishes: galvanized, painted, powder coated. Note: If installed outdoors, water tends to collect in posts and hem of infill panels and will rust from the inside out. 55

56 HANDRAIL Pipe and Plastic Found in industrial settings, loading docks, warehouses, distribution centers, automotive plants. Locks together with external aluminum magnesium Speed-Rail fittings corrosive-resistant fittings for easy customization, slopes, and can be removed or reused to accommodate changing floor plans Installation: Core mount, plate mount, side mount and removable. Finish: Sleeved in 1-1/2 HDPE plastic (1.9 OD) Resistant to rusting, chipping and cracking. 56

57 HANDRAIL Aluminum Office buildings, hospitals, shopping centers, banks, doctor s offices, municipalities, and many more. Installation: base mounted, side mounted, core mounted. Less labor intensive than carbon steel. Light weight and easier to work with than carbon steel. Finishes: mill, anodized, powder coat. Competitive cost to carbon steel. 57

58 HANDRAIL Stainless Steel High end product; found in upscale office buildings, residential, utilized for monumental staircase handrails. Stainless finishes are brushed, polished Base mounted, side mounted High cost material 58

59 HANDRAIL OSHA (e)(1) A standard railing shall consist of top rail, intermediate rail, and posts, and shall have a vertical height of 42 inches nominal from upper surface of top rail to floor, platform, runway, or ramp level. The top rail shall be smooth-surfaced throughout the length of the railing. The intermediate rail shall be approximately halfway between the top rail and the floor, platform, runway, or ramp. The ends of the rails shall not overhang the terminal posts except where such overhang does not constitute a projection hazard. OSHA (e)(2) A stair railing shall be of construction similar to a standard railing but the vertical height shall be not more than 34 inches nor less than 30 inches from upper surface of top rail to surface of tread in line with face of riser at forward edge of tread. 59

60 HANDRAIL OSHA (e)(5)(iv) Building codes used by states and cities require that railings withstand certain structural loads. Typically, the railing must withstand a load of 50 lbs. per linear foot applied horizontally along the top rail. This usually translates into a total loading of 250 lbs. The infill panel must also withstand a load of 50 lbs. on a 1 sq. ft. area for metal infill or 200 lbs. for glass infill. 60

61 HANDRAIL Mounting Guidelines Concrete recommend min. thickness of 3.5 in order to avoid needing backing plate. Less than 3.5 may dictate backing plates that will increase cost of install. Steel with access to back side min. thickness of 1/8 recommended. very thin steel, 20 gauge or less, requires a backing plate. Steel with no access, drill and tap min. thickness of 3/16 recommended. 61

62 HANDRAIL Surface Mounted Side Mounted 62

63 HANDRAIL Concrete Anchor Considerations Environment If outdoor, use stainless steel anchors Epoxy Grout Better than mechanical in wet freeze/thaw conditions. Better holding power for same size. Longer lasting overall. Wedge Anchor Still most common. Easily available. 63

64 HANDRAIL SPEED-RAIL FITTINGS Aluminum Alloy 535 Most corrosive resistant aluminum alloy available High strength as cast Bright attractive finish Conforms to ASTM B26 & B179 64

65 HANDRAIL Internal Fittings All weather system and interior / exterior Shop fabricated prior to installation Holes required in pipe where setscrews are inserted (usually on bottom or hidden side) Pipe held to fitting with dual-tang spread by set-screw 65

66 HANDRAIL 66

67 HANDRAIL APPLICATIONS Powder coated, wall-mounted handrail installed in an auditorium. Can be fabricated using steel or aluminum. Aluminum is easier to work with in the field. 67

68 HANDRAIL APPLICATIONS Aluminum handrail with internal fittings installed at Ford Field in Detroit, MI. Handrail can be added to a knee wall to reach the required minimum height of 42 68

69 HANDRAIL APPLICATIONS Aluminum picket handrail installed on a roof to provide public access area. Pickets and intermediate railings shall be provided so that a 4-inch diameter sphere cannot pass through any opening up to a height of 34 inches. IBC Opening Limitations 69

70 HANDRAIL APPLICATIONS Pipe and plastic handrail installed at Ford Dearborn by welding base cups to the catwalk for easy installation. 70

71 HANDRAIL APPLICATIONS Aluminum handrail with internal fittings installed outside of the Detroit Public Library. This example shows how the rail must continue to slope for the depth of (1) tread beyond the bottom riser and extend horizontally for another 12 beyond that. IBC Handrail Extensions 71

72 HANDRAIL APPLICATIONS Steel guardrail with stainless steel handrail installed in a doctor s office 72

73 HANDRAIL APPLICATIONS Steel handrail with glass infill installed at the Pepsi Porch - Detroit, Michigan 73

74 Course Summary By now the participants should have gained a basic understanding of: Types of facility guarding products available for use Installation options for each facility guarding product The most common guarding product finishes Applications for facility guarding products 74

75 What did you learn? This concludes the course material. The following ten minutes will be for taking a short exam. You must complete the exam with an 80% or higher in order to receive credit. Please make sure and print your certificates of completion either for AIA/CES or for state MCE credit. Remember if you are an AIA member Architect- Forum will report credits to the AIA CES on your behalf. 75

76 Pedestrian and Facility Safety Guarding This concludes the continuing education program. AIA-IS0501-W This continuing education program is sponsored and provided to you due to the professional courtesy of: Creating Safety World Ideal Shield 2525 Clark St. Detroit, MI Website: The material contained in this continuing education program belongs to ideal shield. Questions or concerns about the program content need to be addressed with the program instructor. 77

77 Quiz Instructions In order for you to get credit for this program you must successfully complete the following short exam. Pass for this exam is 80% or higher. Please make sure and print your certificates of completion either for AIA/CES or for state MCE credit. Please print your Certificate of Completion upon successful completion. You can print the certificate from your A-F transcript any time after completion. If your colleagues can benefit from this course, please let them know. Feel free to revisit the Architect-Forum LMS elearning System to take additional courses.

78 Accessing the Course Exam Take Test To complete the course and get credit you must successfully complete the short course exam with an 80% or higher. Please click on the Test Button below to get started. When you click on the button below you will need to scroll down the page and click on the Start Test Button. Take Exam If you need help please , call or use our online chat support. If you need to see our help page please click here. Note: Cookies and JavaScript must me enabled in your browser, see help link to make sure its set on your browser. Don t forget to print your AIA Certificate of Completion. Architect-Forum will process all AIA credits on your behalf. If you forget to print the certificate you can access from your Architect- Forum Transcript Center. 79